Sabbin samfuran ƙarshen 2021 a cikin jirgin saman Rasha

Bam na farko na Tu-160 da aka gina bayan dogon hutu ya tashi a jirgin farko a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 2022 daga filin jirgin saman Kazan. Ya shafe rabin sa'a a cikin iska.

Ƙarshen kowace shekara lokaci ne na gaggawa da tsare-tsare. Kullum ana yin abubuwa da yawa a cikin Tarayyar Rasha a cikin makonnin ƙarshe na shekara, kuma 2021, duk da cutar ta COVID-19, ba banda. An dage wasu abubuwa masu mahimmanci zuwa farkon wannan shekara.

Sabon Tu-160 na farko

Abu mafi mahimmanci kuma da aka dade ana jira - jirgin farko na jirgin saman Tu-160 na farko, wanda aka dawo dashi bayan shekaru da yawa na rashin aiki - ya faru a cikin sabuwar shekara, ranar 12 ga Janairu, 2022. Jirgin Tu-160M, wanda har yanzu ba a yi masa fenti ba, ya tashi daga filin jirgin saman Kazan, ya shafe rabin sa'a a cikin iska a tsayin mita 600. Jirgin dai bai janye na'urar sauka ba kuma bai nade fikafikan ba. A cikin kwalkwali akwai ma'aikata hudu a karkashin jagorancin Viktor Minashkin, babban matukin gwajin Tupolev. Muhimmin mahimmancin taron na yau shi ne cewa ana gina sabon jirgin gaba daya daga karce - haka Yury Slyusar, babban darektan hukumar kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ta United (UAC), ya tantance muhimmancin wannan jirgi. Rashawa za su kasance cikin lokaci tare da sabon Tu-160M ​​don ranar tunawa - Disamba 18, 2021 yana cika shekaru 40 tun farkon tashin Tu-160 a 1981; Ya kasa, amma skid din ya kasance karami.

Gaskiya ne, ba daidai ba ne ko an yi amfani da ɓangarorin da aka gama da shi wajen kera wannan jirgin. Serial samar na Tu-160 da aka za'ayi a Kazan a 1984-1994; daga baya, wasu guraben jirage guda huɗu da ba a gama ba sun rage a masana'antar. An kammala uku daga cikin wadannan, guda daya a shekarar 1999, 2007 da 2017, tare da sauran guda. A ka'ida, da sabon samar da jirgin sama da nadi Tu-160M2 (samfurin 70M2), da bambanci da Tu-160M ​​(samfurin 70M), wanda aka modernized aiki jirgin sama, amma a latsa sake, da UAC amfani da nadi Tu-160M. ga dukkansu.

Ci gaba da samar da Tu-160 ya buƙaci sake gina fasahohin da suka ɓace da yawa, ciki har da samar da manyan bangarori na titanium, injunan warping na reshe masu ɗorewa da injuna.

Tun da Rashawa sun ba da fifiko ga dabarun nukiliyar su, Tu-160M, duka sabbin kera da sabuntar jiragen sama na yau da kullun, shine mafi mahimmancin shirin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na soja a halin yanzu. A ranar 28 ga watan Disamba, 2015, ma'aikatar masana'antu da cinikayya ta kasar Rasha, ta amince da ci gaba da kera jirgin samfurin Tu-160, tare da kera na'urar gwajin farko ta Tu-160M2, wanda yanzu ya tashi. Yuri Slyusar ya kira sake dawo da samar da Tu-160 wani babban aiki, wanda ba a taba gani ba a tarihin bayan Tarayyar Soviet na masana'antar sufurin jiragen sama. Ci gaba da samarwa ya buƙaci sake gina kayan aikin samar da kayan aikin Kazan da horar da ma'aikata - mutanen da suka tuna da sakin Tu-160 sun riga sun yi ritaya. Samara sha'anin Kuznetsov ya ci gaba da samar da kewayon turbojet injuna NK-32 a cikin wani zamani version na NK-32-02 (ko NK-32 jerin 02), Aerosila ci gaba da samar da Tu-160 reshe warp inji, kuma Gidromash - kayan gudu. Jirgin dai zai karbi sabbin kayan aiki gaba daya, wadanda suka hada da tashar radar da jirgin ruwa, da kuma sabon tsarin kare kai da makamai, gami da makami mai linzami mai cin dogon zango na Ch-BD.

A ranar 25 ga Janairu, 2018, a Kazan, a gaban Vladimir Putin, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Rasha ta ba da odar sabbin jiragen Tu-10M160 na farko guda 2 da darajarsu ta kai dalar Amurka biliyan 15 (kimanin dalar Amurka miliyan 270). A lokaci guda, Kazan shuka yana haɓaka masu fashewar bama-bamai zuwa Tu-160M ​​tare da kayan aiki daidai da sabon jirgin sama. Bam na farko da aka sabunta na Tu-160M ​​(lambar wutsiya 14, rajista RF-94103, sunan da ya dace Igor Sikorsky) ya tashi a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 2020.

Sa kai na haya S-70

Makonni biyu kafin sabuwar shekara, a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 2021, an janye jirgin farko na S-70 marar matuki daga aikin samar da masana'antar NAZ a Novosibirsk. Biki ne mai sauƙi; tarakta ya ciro jirgin da har yanzu ba a fenti ba daga cikin falon ya koro shi. Baƙi da aka gayyata kaɗan ne kawai suka halarta, ciki har da Mataimakin Ministan Tsaro Aleksey Krivorukhko, Babban Kwamandan Rundunar Sojin Sama (VKS) Janar Sergei Surovikin, Darakta Janar na KLA Yuri Slyusar, da Manajan Shirin S-70 Sergei Bibikov.

Tun daga watan Agusta 3, 2019, mai nuna kayan aikin S-70B-1 mai lambar wutsiya 071, wanda aka ƙirƙira a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin Okhotnik-B R&D da aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2011, yana fuskantar gwajin jirgin. -B, Disamba 27, 2019. Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Tarayyar Rasha ta kammala wani shiri mai suna Okhotnik-1, wanda a karkashinsa ake yin amfani da tsarin jiragen sama marasa matuki na SK-70 tare da jirgin S-70 da cibiyar kula da kasa ta NPU-70. ci gaba. Kwangilar ta tanadi kera jiragen S-70 na gwaji guda uku, wanda na farko an gabatar da shi ne kawai a watan Disamba. An shirya kammala gwaje-gwajen jiha da shirye-shiryen ƙaddamarwa cikin samarwa da yawa don Oktoba 30, 2025.

Mafi mahimmancin ƙirƙira na S-70 akan mai nuna S-70B-1 shine bututun shayewar injin ɗin lebur, wanda ya bar ƙaramin sawun zafi; Kafin wannan, an shigar da injin 117BD na ɗan lokaci tare da bututun ƙarfe na yau da kullun akan tashar jirgin sama. Bugu da ƙari, siffar murfin chassis ya bambanta; eriya na rediyo da sauran bayanai sun ɗan canza kaɗan. Wataƙila S-70 zai karɓi aƙalla wasu tsarin aiki, misali, radar, wanda ba a kan S-70B ba.

Busasshen S-70 "Okhotnik" wani reshe ne mai nauyi mai nauyi kusan tan 20 tare da injin turbine guda daya na iskar gas kuma yana dauke da makamai a wasu wuraren bama-bamai guda biyu. Kayan aiki da kayan makamai da ke cikin jirgin na Volunteer sun shaida cewa wannan ba "reshe mai aminci ba ne", amma wani jirgin sama mai zaman kansa wanda aka tsara don yin aiki a cikin filin bayanai guda ɗaya tare da wasu jiragen sama, masu aiki da marasa aiki, wanda ya dace da manufar Skyborg na Amurka. . An fara gwada tsarin a cikin jirgin a ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 2021. A nan gaba na masu aikin sa kai, haɓaka na'urorin "hankali na wucin gadi" waɗanda ke ba wa jirgin sama babban matakin cin gashin kansa, gami da ikon tantance yanayin dabara da yanke shawara mai sarrafa kansa na kwamfuta don amfani da makamai, zai zama mahimmanci. Hankalin wucin gadi batu ne da cibiyoyin bincike na Rasha da kamfanoni suka ɗauka da muhimmanci kwanan nan.

'Yan Rasha sun sanar da cewa za a samar da Okhotnik a cikin manyan batches a Novosibirsk Aviation Plant (NAZ), mallakar Sukhoi damuwa, wanda kuma ke samar da Su-34-Bombers. An ba da sanarwar odar farko na samar da jirgin S-70 don baje kolin Sojoji a watan Agusta 2022.

Af, a cikin Disamba 2021, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Rasha ta fitar da wani faifan bidiyo da ke nuna S-70B-1 na jefa bam. Wataƙila fim ɗin yana nufin Janairu 2021, lokacin da aka ba da rahoton cewa masu aikin sa kai sun jefa bam mai nauyin kilogiram 500 daga ɗakin ciki a filin horo na Ashuluk. Wannan gwaji ne kawai na sakin kaya daga tashar bam da kuma rabuwa da jirgin, tun da S-70B-1 mai zanga-zangar ba shi da na'urorin jagora. Bidiyon ya nuna cewa an cire mayafin makaman kafin tashin jirgin.