Kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka ta Jamus Part 2

PzKpfw IV Ausf. G shine mafi kyawun tanki da DAK ya taɓa samu. An yi amfani da waɗannan motocin tun daga kaka na 1942, kodayake tankunan farko na wannan gyare-gyare sun isa Arewacin Afirka a cikin Agusta 1942.

Yanzu ba Deutsches Afrikakorps kadai ba, har ma Panzerarmee Afrika, wanda ya hada da gawawwakin, ya fara shan kashi bayan shan kaye. A bisa dabara, ba laifin Erwin Rommel ba ne, ya yi abin da zai iya, ya zama mai karfin gaske, yana kokawa da wahalhalun dabaru da ba za a iya misaltuwa ba, ko da yake ya yi yaki da basira, da jaruntaka kuma mutum na iya cewa ya yi nasara. Duk da haka, kada mu manta cewa kalmar "tasiri" tana nufin matakin dabara kawai.

A matakin aiki, abubuwa ba su tafiya yadda ya kamata. Ba zai yiwu a tsara tsayayyen tsaro ba saboda rashin son Rommel na ayyuka na matsayi da kuma sha'awar fadace-fadace. Jagoran filin wasa na Jamus ya manta cewa tsarin tsaro da aka tsara zai iya karya ko da makiya mai karfi.

Koyaya, a matakin dabarun, bala'i ne na gaske. Me Rommel yake ciki? Ina ya so ya tafi? Ina ya dosa da sassansa guda hudu da basu cika ba? Ina zai je bayan ya ci Masar? Sudan, Somalia da Kenya? Ko watakila Falasdinu, Siriya da Lebanon, har zuwa iyakar Turkiyya? Kuma daga can Transjordan, Iraq da Saudi Arabia? Ko ma gaba, Iran da Birtaniya Indiya? Shin zai kawo karshen yakin Burma? Ko kuwa zai shirya tsaro ne kawai a cikin Sinai? Domin Birtaniyya za ta shirya rundunonin da suka wajaba, kamar yadda suka yi a baya, a El Alamein, su kuma yi masa mummunan rauni.

Sai dai cikakken janye sojojin makiya daga mallakar Birtaniyya ya tabbatar da warware matsalar ta karshe. Kuma dukiyoyi ko yankunan da aka ambata a sama, waɗanda suke ƙarƙashin ikon sojojin Birtaniya, sun kai ga Ganges da kuma bayan ... Tabbas, sassa guda huɗu na bakin ciki, waɗanda suka kasance rarrabuwa kawai da suna, da kuma dakarun sojojin Italiya-Afrika, wannan ya kasance. ko kadan ba zai yiwu ba.

A haƙiƙa, Erwin Rommel bai taɓa fayyace "abin da za a yi na gaba ba." Har yanzu ya yi magana game da mashigar ruwa ta Suez a matsayin babban makasudin harin. Kamar dai a ce duniya ta kare kan wannan muhimmin jijiya ta sadarwa, amma kuma ba ta taka rawar gani ba wajen fatattakar turawan Ingila a Gabas ta Tsakiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya ko Afirka. Babu wanda ya tada wannan batu a Berlin ma. A can suka sake samun wata matsala - fada mai tsanani a gabas, fadace-fadace masu ban mamaki don karya bayan Stalin.

Jam'iyyar DP ta Australiya ta 9 ta taka rawar gani sosai a duk fadace-fadacen da aka yi a yankin El Alamein, biyu daga cikinsu ana kiransu yakin farko da na biyu na El Alamein da daya kuma ake kira yakin Alam el Halfa Ridge. A cikin hoton: Sojojin Australiya a cikin jirgin ruwan Bren Carrier masu sulke.

Harin karshe

Lokacin da aka kawo karshen yakin El-Gazal kuma a Gabashin Gabas Jamusawa suka kaddamar da farmaki kan Stalingrad da yankuna masu arzikin man fetur na Caucasus, a ranar 25 ga Yuni, 1942, sojojin Jamus a Arewacin Afirka suna da tankokin yaki 60 masu hidima tare da 'yan bindiga 3500. Raka'a (ba tare da manyan bindigogi, dabaru, bincike da sadarwa ba), kuma Italiyanci suna da tankuna 44 masu aiki, suna da bindigogi 6500 a cikin rukunin sojoji (kuma ban da sojoji na wasu nau'ikan). Ciki har da dukan sojojin Jamus da Italiya, akwai kimanin 100 daga cikinsu a cikin kowane nau'i, amma wasu daga cikinsu ba su da lafiya kuma ba za su iya yin yaki ba, 10 XNUMX. sojoji, a gefe guda, su ne waɗanda za su iya faɗa da gaske a cikin ƙungiyar sojojin da ke da bindiga a hannu.

A ranar 21 ga Yuni, 1942, Field Marshal Albert Kesserling, kwamandan OB Süd, ya isa Afirka don ganawa da Field Marshal Erwin Rommel (wanda aka kara masa girma a wannan rana) da Janar na Sojoji Ettore Bastico, wanda ya karbi sandar Marshal. Agusta 1942. Tabbas, batun wannan taro shine amsar tambayar: me zai biyo baya? Kamar yadda kuka fahimta, Kesserling da Bastico sun so su karfafa matsayinsu kuma su shirya tsaron Libya a matsayin mallakar Italiya. Dukansu sun fahimci cewa, lokacin da aka yi tashe tashen hankula a Gabashin Gabas, wannan ita ce yanke shawara mafi dacewa. Kesserling ya yi kiyasin cewa idan aka yi sulhu na karshe a gabas ta hanyar katse Rashawa daga yankunan da ke dauke da man fetur, za a kwato sojojin da za su yi aiki a Arewacin Afirka, to, yiwuwar kai hari kan Masar zai kasance da gaske. A kowane hali, zai yiwu a shirya shi ta hanya. Duk da haka, Rommel ya bayar da hujjar cewa sojojin Biritaniya na takwas suna ja da baya kuma ya kamata a fara aikin nan da nan. Ya yi imanin cewa albarkatun da aka samu a Tobruk za su ba da damar tafiya Masar ta ci gaba, kuma babu damuwa game da yanayin kayan aiki na Panzerarmee Afrika.

A bangaren Birtaniya kuwa, a ranar 25 ga Yuni, 1942, Janar Claude J. E. Auchinleck, kwamandan sojojin Birtaniya a Masar, Levant, Saudi Arabia, Iraq da Iran (Rundunar Gabas ta Tsakiya), ya kori kwamandan Sojoji na 8, Laftanar Janar Neil M. Ritchie. A karshen ya koma Birtaniya, inda ya dauki umurnin 52nd Infantry Division "Lowlands", watau. an rage matakan aiki guda biyu. Duk da haka, a 1943 ya zama kwamandan XII Corps, wanda tare da shi ya yi nasara a yammacin Turai a 1944-1945, kuma daga baya ya zama kwamandan rundunar Scotland, kuma, a karshe, a 1947, ya jagoranci rundunar sojan gabas mai nisa har zuwa lokacin. ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1948, wato ya sake zama kwamandan rundunar soji, inda aka ba shi mukamin “cikakken” Janar. A karshen watan Yunin 1942, Janar Auchinleck da kansa ya dauki kwamandan runduna ta 8, yana yin ayyukan biyu a lokaci guda.

Yaƙin Marsa Matruh

Dakarun Birtaniya sun kai farmaki a Marsa Matruh, wani karamin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa a Masar, mai tazarar kilomita 180 daga yammacin El Alamein da kilomita 300 daga yammacin Alexandria. Titin jirgin kasa ya gudu zuwa cikin birni, kuma zuwa kudancinsa ya ci gaba da Biya Balbia, wato, hanyar da ke kan gabar teku zuwa Iskandariya kanta. Filin jirgin saman yana kudancin birnin. Rundunar ta 10 (Laftanar Janar William G. Holmes) ita ce ke da alhakin kare yankin Marsa Matruh, wanda umurninsa ya koma Transjordan. Gawarwakin sun hada da Brigade na Infantry na Indiya na 21 (24th, 25th da 50th infantry Brigades), wadanda suka dauki matakin tsaro kai tsaye a cikin birni da kewaye, da gabashin Mars Matruh, rukuni na biyu na gawawwakin, Burtaniya 69th dp "Northumbrian "(150. BP, 151. BP da 20. BP). Kimanin kilomita 30-10 daga kudancin birnin wani kwari ne mai fadi da fadin kilomita 12-XNUMX, wanda wata hanya ta tashi daga yamma zuwa gabas. Zuwa kudancin kwarin, wanda ya dace don motsa jiki, wani tudu ne mai dutse, sannan kuma wani wuri mai tsayi, ɗan dutse, buɗaɗɗen yankin hamada.

Kimanin kilomita 30 daga kudu da Marsa Matruh, a gefen tsaunin, ƙauyen Minkar Sidi Hamza ne, inda jam'iyyar DP ta Indiya ta 5 ke da tushe, wadda a lokacin tana da guda ɗaya kawai, wato BP na 29. Dan kadan zuwa gabas, 2nd CP na New Zealand yana cikin matsayi (daga 4th da 5th CP, ban da 6th CP, wanda aka janye a El Alamein). Kuma a karshe, a kudu, a kan wani tudu, shi ne 1st Panzer Division tare da 22 Armored Battalion, 7th Armored Brigade da 4th Motorized Rifle Brigade daga 7th Infantry Division. Dpanc na 1st yana da jimillar tankuna masu sauri 159, gami da 60 na sabbin tankuna na M3 Grant tare da bindigar mm 75 a cikin sponson na hull da kuma bindigar anti-tanki mai tsayi 37 mm a cikin turret. Bugu da kari, Birtaniya na da tankokin yaki 19. Dakarun da ke yankin Minkar Sidi Hamza (dakasu na runfunan da suka lalace da kuma na 1st Armoured Division) suna cikin rundunar ta 7 a karkashin jagorancin Laftanar Janar William H.E. "Strafera" Gott (ya mutu a hadarin jirgin sama 1942 Agusta XNUMX).

An fara kai hare-hare kan yankunan Birtaniyya ne da yammacin ranar 26 ga watan Yuni. A kan matsayi na 50th Northumbarian Regiment a kudancin Marsa Matruh, 90th Light Division ya motsa, ya raunana sosai don jinkirin da sauri, tare da taimako mai yawa daga gobarar Birtaniya 50th Infantry Division. Kudancinta, Rukunin Panzer na Jamus na 21 ya ratsa wani yanki mai rauni a arewacin New Zealand brigades na DP na 2 da kuma a yankin Minkar Caim da ke gabas da layin Birtaniyya sashin Jamus ya juya kudu, ya yanke ja da baya na New Zealanders. Wannan wani yunkuri ne na ba zato ba tsammani, domin Rukunin Infantry na New Zealand na 2 yana da kyakkyawan tsarin tsaro kuma yana iya kare kansa yadda ya kamata. Duk da haka, da aka yanke daga gabas, kwamandan New Zealand, Laftanar Janar Bernard Freyberg, ya damu sosai. Da yake fahimtar cewa shi ke da alhakin sojojin New Zealand ga gwamnatin kasarsa, ya fara tunanin yiwuwar canja wurin rarraba zuwa gabas. Tare da rukunin kudancin Jamus na 15th Armored Division da aka dakatar a cikin budadden hamada ta Biritaniya ta 22, duk wani mataki na kwatsam ya yi kama da wanda bai kai ba.

Bayyanar Rukunin Makamai na 21 a bayan layin Birtaniyya shi ma ya tsorata Janar Auchinleck. A halin da ake ciki, da tsakar ranar 27 ga watan Yuni, ya sanar da kwamandojin rundunonin biyu cewa, kada su yi kasadar hasarar sojojin da ke karkashinsu domin su ci gaba da zama a Marsa Matruh. An bayar da wannan umarni ne duk da cewa Rundunar Sojin Biritaniya ta 1st ta ci gaba da rike rukunin Panzer na 15, wanda yanzu haka rundunar sojojin Italiya ta 133 ta "Littorio" ta Italiya ta 27th Corps ta karfafa. A yammacin ranar 8 ga Yuni, Janar Auchinleck ya ba da umarnin janye dukkan sojojin na 50th Army zuwa wani sabon matsayi na tsaro a yankin Fuca, kasa da kilomita XNUMX zuwa gabas. Don haka sojojin Birtaniya suka ja da baya.

Babban abin da ya fi muni shi ne Rukunin Infantry na New Zealand na 2, wanda Rundunar Sojojin Jamus ta 21 ta tare ta. To sai dai kuma a daren ranar 27/28 ga watan Yuni, wani harin ba-zata da kamfanin dillancin labaran iqna ya habarta cewa, kamfanin dillancin labaran iqna ya habarta cewa ya nakalto daga shafin sadarwa na yanar gizo na BP na kasar New Zealand cewa, wani harin ba-zata da kamfanin dillancin labaran iqna ya habarta cewa ya nakalto daga shafin sadarwa na yanar gizo na BP na kasar New Zealand cewa, an yi nasarar kai hari kan mukaman bataliyar da ke amfani da motoci ta Jamus. Yaƙe-yaƙe sun yi matuƙar wahala, musamman da yake an yi su ne a mafi ƙanƙanta tazara. Da yawa daga cikin sojojin Jamus 'yan New Zealand ne suka yi watsi da su. Bayan BP na 5, BP na 5 da sauran sassan suma sun lalace. An ceto DP na 4 New Zealand. Lieutenant Janar Freiberg ya samu rauni a wani mataki, amma kuma ya yi nasarar tserewa. Gabaɗaya, 'yan New Zealand sun kashe 2, sun raunata kuma an kama su. Mafi muni, duk da haka, ba a ba da umarnin 800nd New Zealand Infantry Division ba da su janye zuwa matsayi na Fuca, kuma abubuwan da ke cikin su sun kai El Alamein.

Har ila yau, umarnin janyewar bai kai ga kwamandan runduna ta 28 ba, wanda a safiyar ranar 90 ga watan Yuni ya kaddamar da wani farmaki a kudancin kasar a kokarin da take yi na ceto rundunar ta 21, wanda ... ba ya nan. Da turawan ingila suka shiga yakin, sai suka shiga cikin wani abin mamaki, domin maimakon su taimaki makwabtansu, sai kwatsam suka ci karo da dukkan sojojin Jamus da ke yankin, wato tare da runduna ta 21 ta haske da kuma wasu abubuwa na Panzer na 90. Rarraba. Ba da daɗewa ba ya bayyana a fili cewa Rukunin Panzer na 28 ya juya arewa kuma ya yanke hanyoyin tserewa kai tsaye gabashin X Corps. A cikin wannan hali, Janar Auchinlek ya ba da umarnin rarraba gawarwakin zuwa ginshiƙai kuma ya kai hari zuwa kudu, ya keta tsarin dlek mafi rauni na 29 zuwa ga fili tsakanin Marsa Matruh da Minkar Sidi Hamzakh, inda ginshiƙan X Corps suka juya gabas da dare. na 29 zuwa Yuni 7 sun tsere daga Jamus zuwa Fuka. A safiyar ranar 16 ga Yuni, Marsa Matruh ta kama Marsa Matruh ta 6000th Bersaglieri Regiment na XNUMXth "Pistoia" Infantry Regiment, Italiyanci sun kama kusan Indiyawan XNUMX da Burtaniya.

Haka nan tsare sojojin Jamus a Fuka ya ci tura. Rundunar CP ta Indiya ta 29 ta Indiya ta 5th Infantry Regiment ta yi yunƙurin shirya tsaro a nan, amma PDN ta Jamus ta 21 ta far mata kafin a kammala wani shiri. Ba da da ewa ba da Italiyanci 133rd division "Littorio" shiga cikin yaƙi, da kuma India brigade gaba daya ya ci nasara. Ba a sake kirkiro brigade ba, kuma lokacin da aka janye rundunar sojojin Indiya ta 5 zuwa Iraki a karshen watan Agustan 1942, sannan ta koma Indiya a cikin kaka na 1942 don yaki a Burma a 1943-1945, an hada 123 da ke zaune a Indiya. . Haɗin: BP don maye gurbin BP na 29 da ya karye. Kwamandan runduna ta 29 ta BP Brig. An kama Denis W. Reid a fursuna a ranar 28 ga Yuni, 1942 kuma an sanya shi a sansanin POW na Italiya. Ya gudu a watan Nuwamba 1943, ya samu damar isa ga sojojin Birtaniya a Italiya, inda a 1944-1945 ya zama kwamandan rundunar sojojin Indiya ta 10 a matsayin Manjo Janar.

Saboda haka, an tilastawa sojojin Birtaniya su koma El Alamein, an kashe Fuka. An fara jerin gwano, inda a karshe aka kama Jamusawa da Italiya.

Yakin El Alamein na Farko

Karamin garin El Alamein da ke bakin teku, tare da tashar jirgin kasa da titin bakin teku, yana da tazarar kilomita kadan daga yammacin yammacin filayen noma na kogin Nilu. Hanyar bakin teku zuwa Alexandria tana da nisan kilomita 113 daga El Alamein. Yana da nisan kilomita 250 daga birnin Alkahira, wanda ke kan kogin Nilu a gindin gabar tekun. A kan sikelin ayyukan hamada, wannan ba da yawa ba ne. Amma a nan hamada ta ƙare - a triangle na Alkahira a kudu, El Hamam a yamma (kimanin kilomita 10 daga El Alamein) da kuma Suez Canal a gabas ya ta'allaka ne da koren Nil Delta tare da filin noma da sauran yankunan da aka rufe da yawa. ciyayi. Kogin Nilu ya kai ga tekun tsawon kilomita 175, kuma fadinsa ya kai kusan kilomita 220. Ya ƙunshi manyan rassa biyu na Nilu: Damietta da Rosetta tare da adadi mai yawa na ƙananan tashoshi na halitta da na wucin gadi, tafkunan bakin teku da lagoons. Haƙiƙa ba shine mafi kyawun yanki don motsawa ba.

Duk da haka, El Alamein kanta har yanzu hamada ce. An zaɓi wannan wuri ne da farko saboda yana wakiltar ƙunƙun yanki na yanayin da ya dace da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, daga bakin teku zuwa ɓangarorin fadama na Qattara. Ya kai kimanin kilomita 200 zuwa kudu, don haka ba zai yuwu a zagaya shi ta cikin budadden hamada daga kudu ba.

Wannan yanki yana shirye-shiryen tsaro tun a cikin 1941. Ba a ƙarfafa shi ta ainihin ma'anar kalmar ba, amma an gina katangar filin a nan, waɗanda yanzu kawai ana buƙatar sabuntawa kuma, idan zai yiwu, fadada. Janar Claude Auchinleck da basira ya jefa tsaron cikin zurfi, ba tare da sanya sojojin gaba daya a wurare na tsaro ba, amma ya samar da ma'auni mai ma'ana da kuma wani layin tsaro wanda ke da nisan kilomita kadan bayan babban layin kusa da El Alamein. An kuma shimfida wuraren ma'adinai a wuraren da ba su da kariya. Aikin layin farko na kariya shi ne jagorantar zirga-zirgar makiya ta wadannan wuraren nakiyoyi, wadanda kuma ke samun kariya daga manyan bindigogi. Kowanne daga cikin rundunonin sojojin da suka samar da matsayi na tsaro ("akwatunan gargajiya na Afirka") sun sami batura biyu na bindigogi a matsayin tallafi, kuma ragowar bindigogin sun tattara cikin ƙungiyoyi tare da gawawwaki da gungun bindigogi na soja. Aikin wadannan kungiyoyi shi ne kai hare-haren wuta mai karfi a kan ginshikan abokan gaba da za su kutsa cikin zurfin tsaron Birtaniya. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci cewa sojojin na 8 sun sami sababbin bindigogin tanka masu nauyin kilo 57-mm 6, wanda ya tabbatar da tasiri sosai kuma an yi amfani da su cikin nasara har zuwa karshen yakin.

A wannan lokacin, Rundunar ta takwas tana da gawarwakin sojoji uku. XXX Corps (Lt. Gen. C. Willoughby M. Norrie) ya dauki matakan tsaro daga El Alamein zuwa kudu da gabas. Yana da Regiment na 8th Australian Infantry Regiment a gaba, wanda ya sanya brigades biyu na soja a gaba, 9th CP daga bakin tekun da 20th CP kadan gaba kudu. Brigade na uku na rukunin, Ostiraliya 24th BP, yana da tazarar kilomita 26 daga El Alamein, a gefen gabas, inda a yau ake samun wuraren shakatawa na alfarma. Rundunar Sojojin Afirka ta Kudu ta 10 ta kasance a kudu da Rukunin Infantry na Australiya na 9 tare da brigades uku a layin gaba na arewa-kudu: 1st CT, 3rd CT da 1st CT. Kuma, a ƙarshe, a kudu, a haɗin gwiwa tare da 2nd Corps, Indiya 9th BP na Indiya 5th Infantry Division ya dauki kariya.

Kudancin XXX Corps, XIII Corps (Laftanar Janar William H. E. Gott) ya gudanar da layin. Sashen Infantry na Indiya na 4 ya kasance a matsayi a kan Ruweisat Ridge tare da 5th da 7th CPs (Indian), yayin da 2nd New Zealand 5th CP ya dan kadan zuwa kudu, tare da New Zealand 6th da 4th -m BP a cikin matsayi; BP na 4 ya dawo da shi zuwa Masar. Rundunar Sojojin Indiya ta 11 ta Indiya tana da brigades biyu ne kawai, CP ta 132 ta sha kashi a Tobruk kusan wata daya da ya gabata. Biritaniya 44th CU, 4th "Gidajen Gundumomin Gida" Infantry, wanda ke kare arewacin 2nd Infantry na Indiya, an sanya shi bisa ƙa'ida zuwa New Zealand 4th Infantry, kodayake yana gefe na XNUMXth Infantry na Indiya.

Bayan babban matsayi na tsaro shine X Corps (Lt. Gen. William G. Holmes). Ya hada da 44th "Home County" Rifle Division tare da sauran 133rd Rifle Division (44th Rifle Division sa'an nan yana da biyu brigades; daga baya, a lokacin rani na 1942, 131st Rifle Division aka kara), wanda ya mamaye matsayi tare da tudu na Alam el Halfa, wanda ya raba filayen da ke bayan El Alamein da rabi, wannan tudun ya tashi daga yamma zuwa gabas. Har ila yau, wannan gawawwakin yana da ajiyar sulke a cikin nau'i na 7th Panzer Division (4th BPC, 7th BZMOT) wanda aka miƙa zuwa hagu na kudancin reshe na 10th Corps, da kuma 8th Infantry Division (wanda ke da BPC na XNUMX kawai) ya mamaye. matsayi a kan tudu na Alam el-Khalfa.

Babban karfi na Jamus da Italiyanci a farkon Yuli 1942 shine, ba shakka, Jamusanci Corps, wanda, bayan rashin lafiya (da kama shi a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1942) na Janar Ludwig Krüwel mai sulke, Janar Walter Nehring sulke ne ya ba da umarni. . A wannan lokacin, DAK ya ƙunshi sassa uku.

Rukunin Panzer na 15, na wucin gadi karkashin jagorancin Kanar W. Eduard Krasemann, ya ƙunshi runduna ta 8 ta Tank Regiment (bataliyoyin biyu, kamfanoni uku na PzKpfw III da PzKfpw II tankunan tankuna masu haske da kamfanin PzKpfw IV matsakaici tankuna), 115th Motorized Rifle. Regiment (bataliyoyin guda uku, kamfanoni masu motoci guda hudu kowanne), 33rd Regiment (Squadrons uku, batirin howitzer guda uku kowanne), Battalion Reconnaissance na 33 (kamfanin sulke, kamfanin leken asiri, kamfani mai nauyi), 78th Anti-Tank Squadron (batir anti-tank da kai). Batirin anti-tank mai motsa jiki), bataliyar sadarwa ta 33, sapper na 33 da bataliyar sabis na dabaru. Kamar yadda kuke tsammani, rabon bai cika ba, ko kuma, ƙarfin yaƙinsa bai wuce na ƙarfafan runduna ba.

Rukunin Panzer na 21, wanda Laftanar Janar Georg von Bismarck ya ba da umarni, suna da ƙungiya iri ɗaya, kuma adadin nata da na bataliyar sun kasance kamar haka: 5th Panzer Regiment, 104th Motor Rifle Regiment, 155th Artillery Regiment, 3rd Artillery Regiment, 39rd connaissance battalion, 200th anti-quansance battalion. , Bataliyar Injiniya ta 200. da kuma bataliya ta sadarwa ta 150. Wani abu mai ban sha'awa game da rukunin bindigogi na rukuni shine cewa a cikin kashi na uku a cikin batura biyu akwai masu sarrafa kansu 15-mm akan chassis na masu jigilar Lorraine na Faransa - 13cm sFH 1-21 (Sf) auf GW Lorraine Schlepper. (e). Rundunar Panzer ta 188 har yanzu tana fama da rauni a cikin fadace-fadace kuma ta kunshi hafsoshi 786, 3842 marasa aikin yi da sojoji 4816, jimillar 6740 a kan na yau da kullun (wanda ya saba da ita) mutane 4. Ya kasance mafi muni da kayan aiki, saboda rabon yana da 19 PzKpfw II, 37 PzKpfw III (7 mm cannon), 50 PzKpfw III (32 mm cannon), PzKpfw IV guda ɗaya (gajeren ganga) da kuma PzKpfw IV (tsawon ganga). Tankuna XNUMX duk suna cikin tsari.

Rukunin Haske na 90, a ƙarƙashin umarnin Janar Ulrich Kleemann Armored, ya ƙunshi rundunonin runduna guda biyu masu motsi na bataliyoyin runduna guda biyu kowanne: Rundunar Sojan Runduna ta 155 da Rundunar Sojoji ta 200. Wani kuma, 361st, an ƙara shi ne kawai a ƙarshen Yuli 1942. Ƙarshen ya ƙunshi Jamusawa waɗanda suka yi aiki a Ƙungiyar Harkokin Waje ta Faransa har zuwa 1940. Kamar yadda kuka fahimta, ba ainihin takamaiman kayan ɗan adam ba ne. Sashen kuma yana da runduna ta 190 na bindigu tare da mayaƙa biyu (kashi na uku ya bayyana a watan Agusta 1942), kuma baturi na uku na rukunin biyu yana da bindigogi huɗu 10,5 cm Kanone 18 105 mm, 580 maimakon squadron. da bataliyar injiniya ta 190.

Bugu da kari, DAK ya hada da gyare-gyare: 605th anti-tank squadron, 606th da 609th anti-aircraft squadrons.

Rukunin manyan tankuna masu sauri na Crusader II dauke da bindigar 40 mm, wanda aka sanye da brigades masu sulke na sassan sulke na Burtaniya.

Sojojin Italiya na Panzerarmee Afrika sun ƙunshi gawawwaki uku. Ƙungiyar 17th (corps General Benvenuto Joda) ta ƙunshi 27th dp "Pavia" da 60th dp "Brescia", 102nd gawawwakin (janar Enea Navarrini) - daga 132nd dp "Sabrata" da 101- dpzmot. "kuma a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar motocin XX (corps General Ettore Baldassare) wanda ya ƙunshi: 133rd DPanc "Ariete" da 25th DPZmot "Trieste". Kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin jagorancin sojoji sune Division of Infantry Division "Littorio" da na XNUMXth Infantry Division "Bologna". Italiyawa, ko da yake bisa ga ka'ida sun bi Jamusawa, sun kuma sha asara mai yawa kuma tsarin su ya ƙare sosai. Yana da kyau a faɗi a nan cewa duk ƙungiyoyin Italiya sun kasance ƙungiyoyi biyu ne, kuma ba runduna uku ko bindigogi uku ba, kamar yadda yake a yawancin sojojin duniya.

Erwin Rommel ya shirya kai hari a wuraren da ke El Alamein a ranar 30 ga Yuni, 1942, amma sojojin Jamus, saboda matsalolin isar da man fetur, ba su kai ga Birtaniya ba sai bayan kwana guda. Sha'awar kai hari da wuri-wuri yana nufin cewa an yi shi ba tare da binciken da ya dace ba. Don haka, rukunin 21 na Panzer ba zato ba tsammani ya ci karo da Brigade na Indiya na 18 (Brigade 10th Infantry Brigade na Indiya), kwanan nan an canja shi daga Falasdinu, wanda ya dauki matsayi na tsaro a yankin Deir el-Abyad a gindin tudun Ruweisat, yana rarraba sarari tsakanin Falasdinu. bakin teku da El Alamein, da ɓacin rai na Qattara, kusan an raba su biyu. An ƙarfafa brigade tare da 23 25-pounder (87,6 mm) howitzers, anti-tanki 16-pounder (6 mm) 57 da tankunan Matilda II tara. Harin na 21st DPunk ya kasance mai yanke hukunci, amma Indiyawa sun yi tsayin daka, duk da rashin kwarewar yaki. Gaskiya ne, da maraice na Yuli 1, Indiya 18th BP ya ci gaba da ci gaba (kuma ba a sake sakewa ba).

Mafi kyau shi ne rukunin 15th Armored Division, wanda ya ketare BP na Indiya na 18 daga kudu, amma sassan biyu sun rasa 18 daga cikin tankuna 55 masu hidima, kuma a safiyar ranar 2 ga Yuli za su iya fitar da motocin yaki 37. Tabbas, ana gudanar da ayyuka masu tsauri a wuraren bita, kuma ana isar da injuna da aka gyara zuwa layin lokaci zuwa lokaci. Abu mafi mahimmanci, duk da haka, shi ne cewa dukan yini ya ɓace, yayin da Janar Auchinleck ke ƙarfafa kariya ta hanyar babban harin Jamus. Bugu da kari kuma, runduna ta 90 ta haske ta kuma kai hari kan wuraren kariya na runduna ta farko ta Afirka ta Kudu, duk da cewa manufar Jamus ita ce ta fice daga matsayin Birtaniyya a El Alamein daga kudu tare da katse birnin ta hanyar karkatar da teku zuwa gabashinsa. Sai da yammacin ranar 1 ga watan Dlek ya yi nasarar ballewa daga abokan gaba kuma ya yi yunkurin isa yankin gabashin El Alamein. Har ila yau, an yi asarar lokaci mai daraja da hasara. Runduna ta 90 ta Panzer ta yi yaki da rukunin sulke na 15 na Biritaniya, bangaren Panzer na 22 ya yi yaki da bangaren Panzer na hudu, da na 21st 4th Armored Division da na 1th Armored Division.