Matsalolin dakatarwar mota - yadda ake samun, kawar da su
Abubuwa
Idan akwai alamun lalacewa, yawancin sassan dole ne a maye gurbinsu: axle, bushings da babba / ƙananan levers, ball bearings, shiru tubalan, taya, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, anthers, hinges, torsion bar zanen gado, matsawa bawul, kara like.
Idan an gano rashin aiki na dakatarwar motar, yana da gaggawa don aiwatar da cikakkiyar ganewar asali na abin hawa. Gyaran ɓangarorin da suka sawa akan lokaci kawai zai iya ba da garantin tafiya mai daɗi da kwanciyar hankali.
Me yasa dakatarwar ta karye a cikin motar
Abubuwan kayan aiki masu gudana sun ƙunshi sandunan stabilizer, masu ɗaukar girgiza, tubalan shiru, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da hinges. Duk waɗannan hanyoyin suna haɗa jiki da ƙafafu zuwa dandamali na gama gari, suna ba da motar da kwanciyar hankali da tafiya mai santsi akan hanya. Yayin motsi, waɗannan raka'o'in dakatarwa suna fuskantar mummunan tasirin muhalli da nauyin girgiza, wanda ke haifar da lalacewa cikin sauri.
Matsakaicin rayuwar sabis na sashin dakatarwa shine kilomita dubu 60-60. Ana iya ƙara wannan adadi da sau 3 idan kuna tuƙi akan madaidaiciyar waƙoƙi, guje wa ramuka da ramuka. Don haka abin da ya sa aka yi la’akari da cewa babban dalilin rushewar wannan rukunin shi ne yawan tafiye-tafiye a kan tituna da rashin kyawun hanyoyin. Daga cikin wasu abubuwan da suka shafi rayuwar abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa, ana iya lura da haka:
- ingancin taro na sassa;
- ƙirar ƙirar injin;
- salon tukin direba.
Masu kera suna ba da injuna tare da tsarin haɗin kai da yawa, elastokinematics, masu ɗaukar girgiza masu daidaitawa da sauran fasahohi. Amma tazarar aminci na waɗannan hadaddun hanyoyin wasu lokuta yakan yi ƙasa da na sauƙin ƙira na 90s. Hakan ya faru ne saboda yadda a yanzu injiniyoyi sun mayar da hankali wajen inganta yadda ake sarrafa motar, ba wai a kan karfin chassis ba. Don haka, motoci sukan yi amfani da kayan gami masu haske don rage nauyi mara nauyi ko dacewa da manyan tayoyin da ba su da tushe.
Yawancin ya dogara da aikin motar a hankali. Alal misali, idan ba ku tsaftace maɓuɓɓugan ruwa daga datti ba, kada ku sabunta Layer na murfin anti-lalata tare da su, to waɗannan sassa za su yi sauri da tsatsa kuma suna iya fashe. Kuma waɗanda suke son "juyawa", birki da ƙarfi kuma suna jujjuya sitiyarin lokacin da suka bugi rami, suna hanzarta lalacewa na sandunan anti-roll. Wannan kashi kuma yana da mummunar tasiri ta hanyar yin parking a babban kusurwar gefe.
Menene gaban dakatarwar mota
Alamun karyewar dakatarwa
A mafi yawan lokuta, matsalar chassis ana iya yin hukunci ta wasu sautunan da ba su dace ba yayin tuƙi akan filaye marasa daidaituwa. Bugu da kari, direban yana da matsala tare da tuƙi. Wasu matsalolin za a iya gano su kawai tare da cikakken binciken motar (misali, takalmin haɗin gwiwa ya yage).
Babban alamun matsalolin dakatarwa:
- asarar yanayin motar lokacin shiga juyi;
- aiki akai-akai da rashin ma'ana na tsarin kariyar skid;
- mirgina mai ƙarfi da asarar kwanciyar hankali yayin motsa jiki;
- tsawaita girgizar jiki bayan cin galabaita ko birki kwatsam;
- "Rushewa" na dakatarwa;
- rawar jiki, ƙwanƙwasa da ƙugiya lokacin tuƙi akan hanya mara kyau da kusurwa;
- motar tana kaiwa zuwa "hagu" ko "dama" a madaidaiciyar layi;
- an rage raguwa sosai lokacin da ake loda mota;
- rashin daidaituwar tayoyin taya;
- a filin ajiye motoci ya smudges daga mai mai.
Idan an sami ɗaya ko fiye na waɗannan alamun, tuntuɓi cibiyar sabis nan da nan. Za su gudanar da cikakken bincike na inji kuma su maye gurbin sassan da ba su da kyau.
Sanadin gazawar
Ainihin, duk abubuwan dakatarwa da sauri suna kasawa saboda tafiye-tafiye akai-akai akan filaye marasa daidaituwa da kuma salon tuki. Musamman idan direban motar ya tashi zuwa cikin ramin tare da jujjuya sitiyari ko kuma birki ya raunana.
Dakatar da kansa
Jerin "ciwon" na kowane bangaren dakatarwa:
- Stabilizer struts suna kasawa saboda karo tare da shinge da sauran cikas.
- Shock absorbers suna tsoron datti. Shi, da ya samu ta tsagewar roba anthers, yana ƙara gogayya da lalacewa na motsi abubuwa.
- Sanyi, zafi da sinadarai suna lalata tubalan shiru.
- Hannun kayan masarufi suna rage ƙwaƙƙwaran buguwa daga bumps da kuma amfani da ƙananan bayanan roba.
- Maɓuɓɓugan ruwa suna kula da lodin mota da tsatsa daga datti.
Sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da gazawar dakatarwa sun haɗa da:
- rashin ingancin gini ko lahani na tsari;
- cin zarafi na kusurwoyin shigar taya a lokacin kiyayewa;
- "tuning" ba bisa ka'ida ba ne.
Yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da cewa sauran abubuwan da ba daidai ba na motar (misali, tsarin watsawa, birki, aikin jiki, tuƙi) na iya lalata dakatarwa.
Yadda ake gane matsalar aiki
Don cikakken bincikar dakatarwar da kuma gano dalilin matsalar, dole ne a jefa motar a cikin "rami". Sa'an nan kuma duba duk hatimin roba, murfi, tubalan shiru, mahaɗar ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa, maɗauran ɗaki, ƙullun igiya. Idan sun lalace, dole ne a maye gurbin sassan.
Idan izinin ya zama ƙasa fiye da yadda ake tsammani, to, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa sun "zama".
Ana duba shingen shiru ta motsi. Idan babu kururuwa, wasa kuma hatimin roba bai lalace ba, to komai yana cikin tsari.
Yana da sauƙi don yin hukunci game da yanayin bearings bayan jujjuya jikin motar sama da ƙasa. Idan injin yana jujjuyawa fiye da sau 2, to dole ne a canza sashin.
Kuna iya gano rashin aiki tare da bushing jagora da tukwici ta lapels da jujjuyawa zuwa ɓangarorin rak da tuƙi.
Idan an ji hayaniya iri ɗaya yayin motsi, to ya kamata a duba yanayin ɗaukar ƙafafun. Bai kamata ya yi wasa lokacin da tayar da ba ta karkata ba.
Hanyoyin kawar da karyewa
Idan akwai alamun lalacewa, yawancin sassan dole ne a maye gurbinsu: axle, bushings da babba / ƙananan levers, ball bearings, shiru tubalan, taya, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, anthers, hinges, torsion bar zanen gado, matsawa bawul, kara like.
Rear wheel drive dakatar
Amma, ana iya gyara wasu sassan chassis da kansu ba tare da shigar da sabbin sassa ba:
- Idan akwai rashin lubrication a cikin hinges na tara, sa mai da abubuwa.
- Idan fasteners na shock absorber da piston sun sako-sako da, sa'an nan matsa goro.
- Lankwasa sashi, firam spar da ginshiƙin jiki - daidaita.
- Ba daidai ba sharewa a bearings - daidaita.
- Rashin daidaituwar taya - yi daidaitaccen daidaitawa.
- Rigar da ba ta dace ba - Sanya tayoyin zuwa al'ada.
Yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da cewa saboda ƙananan rashin aiki na dakatarwar mota, nauyin da ke kan duk nodes na chassis yana ƙaruwa. Idan kun jinkirta gyaran, zai iya haifar da gaggawa a kan hanya.
