Samfuran akwatunan gear MAZ

Motocin MAZ suna sanye da akwatin gear mai hawa biyu YaMZ-238A mai sauri takwas tare da na'urorin aiki tare a cikin duk kayan aikin sai dai baya. Akwatin gear ɗin ya ƙunshi babban akwati mai sauri biyu da ƙarin akwatin gear guda biyu (ƙasa). Ana nuna na'urar gearbox a cikin Fig.44. Ana aiwatar da shigarwa na duk sassan gearbox a cikin crankcases na babban da kuma ƙarin kwalaye, waɗanda ke haɗuwa da juna sannan kuma a haɗa su a cikin gidaje masu kama; an kafa naúrar wutar lantarki ɗaya a matsayin ɓangaren injin, kama da akwatin gear. An ɗora maɓallin shigarwa na 1 na babban akwatin akan nau'i biyu na ball bears; fayafai masu tuƙi ana ɗora su akan ƙarshen gaba mai tsauri, kuma ƙarshen baya an yi shi a cikin nau'in kayan zobe na babban crankcase akai-akai. Wurin fitarwa na babban crankcase 5 yana tsayawa a gaba akan wani abin nadi mai siliki wanda aka ɗora a cikin ɓangarorin gear na tuƙi, kuma a baya akan ƙwallon ƙwallon da aka ɗora akan bangon gaba na ƙarin akwati. Ƙarshen baya na shinge na biyu an yi shi a cikin nau'i na kambi, wanda shine haɗin kai na dindindin na ƙarin gidaje. Gears na gear na biyu da na huɗu na shingen fitarwa na babban akwatin ana ɗora su a kan ƙwanƙwasa na fili waɗanda aka yi a cikin nau'ikan bushings na ƙarfe tare da sutura ta musamman da impregnation, kuma gears na na farko da na baya suna hawa kan nadi bearings. Matsakaicin shaft 26 na babban akwatin yana dogara a gaba a kan wani abin nadi wanda aka ɗora a bangon gaban babban akwatin crankcase, kuma a baya - a kan nau'i mai nau'i mai nau'i biyu wanda aka sanya a cikin gilashin da aka sanya a bangon baya na babban. crankcase gidaje. A cikin magudanar ruwa na babban akwatin, an shigar da ƙarin mashigin tsaka-tsaki na baya. Reverse gear yana aiki ta hanyar matsar da karusar baya 24 gaba har sai ta shiga tare da reverse gear gear gear 25 wanda ke ci gaba da aiki tare da na'ura mai juyi. Wurin fitarwa na 15 na ƙarin akwatin yana dogara a gaba akan wani nau'in abin nadi na siliki wanda yake a cikin rami na gear gear na mashin fitarwa na babban akwatin, a baya - a kan nau'i biyu: wani nau'i na nadi na cylindrical da ball bearing. , bi da bi, an shigar da su a cikin bangon baya na ƙarin gidaje na akwatin da kuma murfin shaft mai fitarwa. A cikin sassan tsakiyar ɓangaren fitarwa na ƙarin akwatin, ana shigar da na'urori masu daidaita motsi na gear, kuma a ƙarshen ƙarshen splined akwai flange don haɗa madaidaicin katako. A cikin tsakiyar cylindrical na shaft, an shigar da gear 11 na ƙarin akwatin akan abubuwan nadi na silinda. Matsakaicin shaft 19 na ƙarin akwatin yana dogara a gaba a kan wani nau'in nadi na silinda wanda aka sanya a bangon gaba na ƙarin gidaje na akwatin, kuma a baya - akan nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i biyu wanda aka sanya a cikin gilashin da aka sanya a bangon baya. ƙarin akwatin sump. Rage kayan aikin 22 an ɗora shi a gaban ƙarshen splined na gaba na ƙaramar ƙarami countershaft. A cikin ɓangaren baya na tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin, ana yin kayan aiki na zobe, wanda ke aiki tare da raguwar raguwa na ɓangaren na biyu na ƙarin akwatin.

Sauran bayanai

MAZ Semi-trailer a cikin tsarin gearbox yana sanye da abin nadi na gaba wanda ke sarrafa lever na biyu da aka saka a cikin kan hanyar haɗin gwiwa mai motsi. An haɗa ɓangaren waje na sanda mai motsi zuwa matsakaicin tsarin sarrafawa ta hanyar sandar kadan elongated. An haɗe madaidaicin hawa zuwa firam ɗin abin hawa.

Ƙarƙashin gefen ledar kaya an haɗa shi da kumburi iri ɗaya. Hanyar hawa: kama da hanyar da ta gabata. Wani ɓangare na hannu yana wucewa ta cikin ɗakin bene, yana tabbatar da amincin duk sauran haɗin gwiwa. Wannan zane yana ba ku damar karkatar da taksi ba tare da buƙatar rabuwa da lalata abubuwan da ke akwai da majalisai ba.

Na'urar

MAZ-5551 ba tare da berth ba ya fi sarari fiye da motocin KamAZ. Godiya ga ingantattun layukan hannu da matakai, hawa cikin taksi na babbar motar juji yana da sauƙin gaske. Gaskiya ne, ergonomics na taksi ba shine mafi girman gefen motar ba. Kodayake matashin wurin zama yana motsawa kuma ginshiƙi yana daidaitawa a cikin jirage biyu, babu buƙatar magana game da ta'aziyyar direba. Ciki na cikin motar yana da kyan gani, amma rashin jin daɗi yana haifar da ƙara yawan gajiya, wanda ya bayyana musamman akan tafiye-tafiye masu tsawo. Babban sitiyarin ba ya ƙara jin daɗi, saboda ƙananan direbobi dole ne su jingina gaba don juya shi.

MAZ-5551 kayan aiki panel ne quite m da kuma dace. Duk da haka, akwai kuma rashin amfani. Alamar haske tana da ƙananan haske, don haka yana da wuya a gani a lokacin rana.

Koyaya, a cikin taksi na babbar motar juji, akwai mafita mafi nasara. Wurin wurin fuse da akwatin relay a bayan dashboard yana da matukar dacewa da sauƙi don zuwa. Ingantacciyar tsarin dumama, rufin rana da hasken dome a cikin taksi yana haɓaka jin daɗin tuƙi.

Godiya ga manyan madubai na baya, gani da aminci na kula da MAZ-5551 sun karu.

Wurin zama direba yana da tsarin dakatarwa kuma ana iya daidaita shi ta hanyoyi da yawa. Duk da haka, gidan har yanzu ba shi da dadi sosai, tun da motar ba ta da tsarin rage daraja. Wurin zama fasinja yana haɗe kai tsaye zuwa ƙasa.

Cab

Wadanne abubuwa masu ban sha'awa ne masu zanen kaya suka yi don inganta ergonomics da sarrafa MAZ? Akwai canje-canje da yawa, kuma dukkansu suna da daɗi sosai. Gidan yana da dadi da fili. Ko da ba tare da gado ba, fasinjoji biyu suna iya sauka a nan cikin sauƙi, ba tare da kirga direban da kansa ba.

Hannun hannaye masu kyau da matakai suna sa shi sauri da sauƙi shiga cikin taksi. Za a iya motsa wurin zama kuma a daidaita shi; Abin takaici, kujerar fasinja kawai. A cikin 90s, ba duk motoci suna da madaidaiciyar tuƙi, amma MAZ-5551 yana da shi. An kuma lura da koma baya na farko a cikin gidan - sitiyarin ya yi girma da yawa. Idan kai gajere ne, kana buƙatar karkata gaba kaɗan tare da kowane juyi. Yana da wuya a yi la'akari da irin wannan sabon abu a matsayin dacewa.

Dashboard ɗin yana barin ra'ayi biyu. A gefe guda, yana da cikakken bayani, a gefe guda, yana da haske mai rauni, saboda abin da abubuwa guda ɗaya ba a iya gani a cikin rana. Kyakkyawan wuri mai aminci shine, ba shakka, ƙari ga MAZ-5551. Duk da haka, kazalika da ingantaccen dumama, wanda ke yin aiki mai kyau ko da a cikin sanyi mai tsanani. Tsakanin fasinja da direba akwai ƙaramin ɗaki wanda zaku iya ɓoye ƙananan abubuwa daban-daban: takardu, maɓalli, kwalban ruwa, da sauransu.

Motar MAZ-5551 da aka samar da Minsk Automobile Shuka shekaru talatin, tun 1985. Duk da ba m zane (na nan da nan wanda ya gabace shi MAZ-503 ya fara buga tituna a shekarar 1958), da juji truck MAZ-5551 ya kasance daya daga cikin rare takwas-ton manyan motoci a sararin Rasha. Karanta game da jerin Kamaz 500 a cikin wannan labarin.

Manual

Littafin koyarwa ya ƙunshi sassa masu zuwa:

Bukatun aminci lokacin aiki tare da wannan abin hawa

An jera duk matakan kariya da hanyoyin gaggawa anan.

Motoci. Wannan sashe ya ƙunshi ƙayyadaddun injin, ƙira da shawarwarin kulawa.

Cutar kamuwa da cuta

An bayyana aikin watsawa kuma an ba da taƙaitaccen bayanin manyan abubuwan da ke cikinsa.

Kayan sufuri. Wannan sashe yana bayyana ƙirar gaban gatari da sandar ƙulla.

Tuƙi, tsarin birki.

Kayan aikin lantarki.

Alamar sufuri. Inda za a sami lambar tantance abin hawa an bayyana a nan, an ba da ƙaddamar da lambar.

Dokokin samsval.

Siffofin aiki da kiyayewa. Yayi bayanin lokacin da yadda ake aiwatar da kulawa, wane nau'in kulawa ne.

Sharuɗɗan ajiyar motoci, ƙa'idodin jigilar su.

Lokacin garanti da tikitin sufuri.

Tsarin Gearshift

Zane-zanen gearshift yana cikin littafin jagorar mai motar juji. Canjin yana faruwa kamar haka:

1. Yin amfani da injin kama, an cire haɗin wutar lantarki daga watsawar abin hawa. Wannan yana ba ku damar canza kayan aiki ba tare da rage saurin injin ba.
2. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya ratsa ta hanyar clutch block.
3. An shirya kayan aikin a layi daya zuwa madaidaicin shaft na na'urar.
4. An haɗa axle na farko zuwa tsarin kama, a saman wanda akwai splines. Driver disk yana tafiya tare da su.
5. Daga shaft, aikin juyawa yana watsawa zuwa tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin, haɗe tare da kayan aikin shigarwa na shigarwa.
6. Lokacin da yanayin tsaka tsaki ya kunna, gears suna fara juyawa da yardar kaina, kuma ƙunƙun na'urorin daidaitawa suna zuwa wurin buɗewa.
7. Lokacin da kama ya kasance tawayar, cokali mai yatsa yana motsa kama zuwa matsayi mai aiki tare da jujjuyawar da ke a ƙarshen kayan.
8. An gyara kayan aiki tare da shaft kuma yana tsayawa yana jujjuya shi, wanda ke tabbatar da watsa aikin da ƙarfin juyawa.

Tsarin wayoyi

Zane-zanen lantarki ya ƙunshi abubuwa kamar:

1. Batirin ƙarfin su shine 12 V. Kafin fara aiki, ya zama dole don gyara yawan batura.
2. Generator. Irin wannan shigarwa an sanye shi da ginanniyar wutar lantarki da naúrar gyarawa. Tsarin janareta ya haɗa da bearings, yanayin da aka ba da shawarar a bincika kowane kilomita 50.
3. Farawa. Wannan na'urar yana da mahimmanci don fara rukunin wutar lantarki. Ya ƙunshi murfin gudun ba da sanda, lambobin sadarwa, matosai don tashoshi mai lubrication, sandar anga, gilashi, maɓuɓɓugan riƙon goga, ɗakuna, abin hannu, tef ɗin kariya.
4. Na'urar lantarki. Ayyukansa shine sauƙaƙe farawa injin a ƙananan yanayin zafi.
5. Sauya ƙasan baturi. Dole ne a haɗa batura kuma a cire haɗin su daga yawan abin hawa.
6. Tsarin haske da siginar haske. Sarrafa fitilun mota, fitilun bincike, fitulun hazo, hasken ciki.

Babban abubuwan

Akwatin gear na MAZ ya haɗa da mashin farko tare da kayan aiki da aka ɗora a cikin akwati a kan ƙwanƙwasa ƙwallon ƙafa. Hakanan akwai madaidaicin shaft. Daga gaba yana kama da na'urar da ke kan abin nadi na siliki, kuma daga baya yana kama da takwarar kwallo. Rukunin na baya ana kiyaye shi ta hanyar simintin ƙarfe na ƙarfe, akwatunan gear na farko da na baya suna yanke kai tsaye akan shaft, sauran jeri da PTO suna ta hanyar maɓalli.

Akwatin gear na MAZ tare da raguwar kayan aiki an sanye shi da injin tuƙi na tsaka-tsaki tare da damping. Wannan yana ba ku damar rage girgizar da aka canza daga sashin wutar lantarki zuwa gidan watsawa. Bugu da ƙari, wannan bayani yana ba ku damar rage amo na gearbox a rago. Bukatar shigar da abin sha shi ne saboda rashin daidaituwa na aikin injin nau'in YaMZ-236.

An yi haƙoran gear dabam daga cibiya. Ana raba shi da magudanan ruwa shida. Ragowar jijjiga yana damp ta hanyar nakasar abubuwan bazara da gogayya a cikin taron damper.

Tsarin kayan lantarki na UAL 4320

Wutar lantarki ta URAL 4320 ita ce waya guda ɗaya, inda aka haɗa ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na kayan aiki da na'urori zuwa ƙasan abin hawa. An haɗa mummunan tashar baturin zuwa "mass" na URAL 4320 ta amfani da maɓalli mai nisa. A ƙasa akwai babban zane mai ƙuduri na kayan lantarki na URAL 4320.

Tsarin kayan lantarki na UAL 4320

A cikin zanen kayan aikin lantarki na URAL 4320, ana yin haɗin kai tsakanin igiyoyi da na'urori ta amfani da matosai da masu haɗawa. Don dacewa, an gabatar da launuka na wayoyi akan zanen kayan aikin lantarki na URAL 4320 a launi.

Gyara wuraren bincike YaMZ-238A MAZ

Kulawar watsawa ya ƙunshi duba matakin mai da maye gurbin shi a cikin akwati. Matsayin mai a cikin akwati dole ne ya dace da rami mai sarrafawa. Dole ne man ya yi zafi ta duk ramukan magudanar ruwa. Bayan zubar da man, kana buƙatar cire murfin a kasan crankcase, wanda aka sanya mai rarraba mai mai da magneti, kurkura su da kyau kuma sanya su a wuri.

Lokacin yin haka, tabbatar da cewa ba a toshe layin mai da hula ko gasket ɗinsa ba.

Shinkafa daya ce

Don zubar da akwatin gear, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da 2,5 - 3 lita na man masana'antu I-12A ko I-20A daidai da GOST 20799-75. Tare da lever iko na gearbox a cikin tsaka tsaki, injin yana farawa na mintuna 7-8, sannan an dakatar da shi, ana zubar da mai da man da aka zubar da man da aka bayar ta taswirar lubrication a cikin akwatin gearbox. Ba abin yarda ba ne a wanke akwatin gear da man kananzir ko man dizal.

Lokacin da akwatin gear ke gudana, saitunan masu zuwa suna yiwuwa:

- matsayi na lever 3 (duba siffa 1) motsi na motsi a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya;

- matsayi na lever gear a cikin karkatacciyar hanya;

- na'urar kullewa don matsawa na tsaye na abubuwan telescopic.

Don daidaita kusurwar karkatar da lever З a cikin madaidaiciyar shugabanci, wajibi ne don sassauta kwayoyi a kan kusoshi 6 kuma, motsa sandar 4 a cikin jagorar axial, daidaita kusurwar lever zuwa kusan 85 ° (duba siffa). 1) a cikin tsaka tsaki matsayi na gearbox.

Ana yin gyaran gyare-gyaren matsayi na lever a cikin maɗaukakiyar hanya ta hanyar canza tsawon madaidaicin mahaɗin 17, wanda ya zama dole don cire haɗin ɗaya daga cikin tukwici 16 kuma, bayan cire kwayoyi, daidaita tsawon hanyar haɗin gwiwa. ta yadda gearbox iko lever, kasancewa a tsaka tsaki, a kan gears 6 - 2 da 5 - 1 yana da kwana na kusan 90˚ tare da kwance jirgin sama na taksi (a cikin transverse jirgin sama na abin hawa).

Daidaita na'urar kulle gearshift ya kamata a yi kamar haka:

- tada taksi;

- cire haɗin fil 23 kuma cire haɗin sanda 4 daga cokali mai yatsa 22;

- tsaftace 'yan kunne 25 da sandar ciki daga tsohuwar man shafawa da datti;

- tura sandar ciki har sai hannun tasha 15 dannawa;

- cire katangar goro na 'yan kunne 25 kuma, shigar da screwdriver a cikin tsagi na sandar hanyar haɗin ciki, cire shi har sai wasan angular na 'yan kunne ya ɓace;

- hana sandar 24 daga juyawa, ƙara maƙalli;

- duba ingancin dacewa. Lokacin da hannun kulle 21 ya motsa zuwa ga bazara 19, sandar ciki dole ne ya shimfiɗa ba tare da tsayawa ga cikakken tsawonsa ba, kuma lokacin da aka danna sanda har zuwa cikin ragi, hannun kulle dole ne ya motsa a fili tare da "danna" har sai hannun riga. ya ta'allaka ne da ƙananan fitowar ɗan kunne.

Lokacin daidaita tuƙi, dole ne a la'akari da waɗannan buƙatun:

- yi gyare-gyare tare da tayar da taksi kuma injin ya kashe;

- kauce wa kinks da kinks na waje da na ciki m sanduna;

- don kauce wa karyewa, haɗa tushe 4 tare da cokali mai yatsa 22 don haka rami a cikin 'yan kunne don fil 23 yana sama da tsayin daka na kara 4;

- duba matsakaicin matsakaicin akwatin gear tare da taksi wanda aka tashi ta hanyar motsi kyauta na lever 18 na injin canza gear a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya (dangane da axis na abin hawa). Roller 12 a cikin tsaka tsaki na akwatin yana da motsi na axial na 30 - 35 mm, yayin da ake jin matsawa na bazara.

Dole ne a yi gyare-gyaren tuƙi na gearbox da aka kwatanta a sama lokacin cirewa da shigar da injin da taksi.

MAZ gearbox na'urar: iri da ka'idar aiki

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gaya muku abin da gearbox a kan MAZ engine yi, bayar da wasu shawarwari don gyara, da kuma nuna MAZ gearshift makirci tare da division, wanda za ka iya karatu da kuma nazarin daki-daki.

Manufar wurin binciken

A cikin gearbox akwai irin wannan kashi kamar kayan kaya, yawanci akwai da yawa daga cikinsu, ana haɗa su da lemu leda kuma saboda su ne suka canza kayan. Juya motsi yana sarrafa saurin abin hawa.

Don haka, a wasu kalmomi, gears sune gears. Suna da girma daban-daban da saurin juyawa daban-daban. A cikin aikin, ɗaya yana manne da ɗayan. Tsarin irin wannan aikin shine saboda gaskiyar cewa babban kayan aiki yana tsayawa zuwa ƙarami, yana ƙaruwa da juyawa, kuma a lokaci guda gudun motar MAZ. A cikin lokuta inda ƙaramin kayan aiki ya manne zuwa babba, saurin, akasin haka, ya ragu. Akwatin yana da gudu 4 da baya. Na farko ana la'akari da mafi ƙasƙanci kuma tare da ƙari na kowane kaya, motar ta fara tafiya da sauri.

Akwatin yana kan motar MAZ tsakanin crankshaft da katako na cardan. Na farko yana zuwa kai tsaye daga injin. Na biyu an haɗa kai tsaye zuwa ƙafafun kuma yana tafiyar da aikin su. Jerin ayyukan da ke haifar da sarrafa saurin gudu:

1. Injin yana tafiyar da watsawa da crankshaft.
2. Gears a cikin akwatin gear suna karɓar sigina kuma fara motsi.
3. Yin amfani da lever gear, direba yana zaɓar saurin da ake so.
4. Gudun da direban ya zaɓa yana aikawa zuwa mashin katako, wanda ke tafiyar da ƙafafun.
5. Motar ta ci gaba da tafiya a cikin gudun da aka zaɓa.

Zanen na'urar

Makircin na'urar gearshift na gearbox tare da mai rarrabawa akan MAZ ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba, amma zai taimaka maka da yawa yayin aiwatar da gyare-gyare. Akwatin gear a kan MAZ ya ƙunshi abubuwa kamar crankcase, shafts, turmi, synchronizers, gears da sauran abubuwa masu mahimmanci daidai.

9 gudu

Ana shigar da irin wannan naúrar, a mafi yawan lokuta, akan manyan motoci ko motoci waɗanda za su fuskanci cunkoson ababen hawa.

9-gudun gearbox

8 gudu

Wannan rukunin, kamar wanda ya gabace shi, ya shahara da injuna masu tarin yawa.

8-gudun gearbox

5 gudu

Mafi shahara tsakanin motoci.

5-gudun gearbox

Gyara shawarwari

Kuna so ku ajiye akwatin raba ku cikin kyakkyawan yanayi na shekaru masu zuwa? Sannan kuna buƙatar kulawa ta asali da sarrafawa. Wajibi ne a saka idanu da aikin irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar gears, turmi, lever da kanta, da dai sauransu. Shin ya taɓa faruwa cewa rushewa ba makawa? Za mu ba ku shawarwari masu zuwa don gyaran kai:

sanin kanku da zane da umarnin tsarin aikin ku daki-daki;

don aiwatar da gyare-gyare, dole ne ku fara cire akwatin gaba ɗaya kuma bayan haka zaku iya ci gaba da gyaran;

bayan cirewa, kar a yi gaggawar wargaza shi gaba daya, wani lokacin matsalar ta kan ta'allaka ne a sama, ku kula da duk cikakkun bayanai, idan kun ga "halayen" masu tuhuma, to tabbas matsalar tana cikin wannan kashi;

idan har yanzu kuna kwance akwatin gaba daya, sanya dukkan sassan a cikin tsari na rushewa don kada ku rikice yayin ɗaga shi.

A cikin wannan labarin, an yi la'akari da tsarin canza tsarin MAZ na kowane nau'i. Muna fatan bayanin ya kasance da amfani gare ku wajen gyaran. Bari akwatin ku ya yi muku hidima na shekaru masu zuwa!

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Matsaloli masu yiwuwa

Rashin aikin watsawa a YaMZ 236 na iya kasancewa cikin shirin mai zuwa:

• bayyanar amo na waje;
• rage yawan man da aka zuba a cikin akwatin;
• wuya hada da sauri;
• kashewa ba tare da bata lokaci ba na yanayin saurin sauri;
• ruwan tsumma yana zubowa.

Tare da kowane ɗayan waɗannan bayyanuwar, yana da kyau a bincika matakin mai da kansa a cikin akwatin, yadda duk screws da kwayoyi masu ɗorewa suke da ƙarfi. Idan wannan ba matsala ba, ya kamata a aika motar zuwa cibiyar sabis don ganewar asali. A nan, masu sana'a dole ne su yi amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don bincika amincin kayan haɗin gearbox (ƙullun, bearings, bushings, da dai sauransu), kimanta aikin famfo mai.

.. 160 161.

KIYAYE NA GEARBOX YaMZ-236

A lokacin kiyayewa, bincika haɗin akwatin gear tare da injin da yanayin dakatarwa, kula da matakin mai na yau da kullun a cikin akwatin gear kuma maye gurbin shi da TO-2 a cikin lokaci.

Matsayin mai a cikin akwatin gear dole ne kada ya faɗi ƙasa da ƙananan gefen rami mai sarrafawa 3 (Fig. 122). Cire mai daga mahalli na gearbox yayin da yake zafi ta hanyar magudanar ruwa 4. Bayan zubar da man, tsaftace maganadisu akan magudanar ruwa. Bayan an zubar da man, cire sukurori kuma cire murfin 2 daga mashigar famfo mai, tsaftacewa da goge allon, sannan canza murfin.

Lokacin shigar da murfin abin sha, a kula kada a toshe layin mai tare da murfin ko gasket.

Shinkafa 122. Fitowa na YaMZ-236P gearbox: 1 rami mai cike da mai; 2-rufin shan famfon mai; 3-rami don duba matakin mai; 4 ramukan magudanar ruwa

Kurkura akwatin gear tare da man masana'antu I-12A ko I-20A bisa ga GOST 20199 - 88; Zuba lita 2,5-3 a cikin akwati, matsar da lever zuwa tsaka tsaki, fara injin na tsawon minti 1 ... 8, sannan a kashe shi, zubar da man fetur da kuma cika. An haramta sosai a zubar da akwatin gear da kananzir ko man dizal don guje wa gazawar famfon mai saboda rashin isasshen tsotsawa kuma, sakamakon gazawar akwatin gear. A cikin yanayin gyaran akwatunan gear, sa mai mai da man da ake amfani da shi a cikin akwati kafin shigarwa.

Lokacin ja da mota tare da injin da ke gudana a rago, shigarwa da matsakaicin ramukan gearbox ba sa juyawa, famfo mai a cikin wannan yanayin ba ya aiki kuma baya ba da mai mai ga haƙoran haƙora na mashin fitarwa da kuma saman maɓuɓɓugan. na shaft na aiki tare, wanda zai haifar da tarkace a kan saman zamewa, lalacewa na zoben aiki tare da gazawar dukkan akwatin gear. Don ja, cire kama kuma shigar da watsawa cikin kayan aiki kai tsaye (na hudu), ko cire haɗin watsawa daga watsawa.

Ba a yarda a ja motar tazarar fiye da kilomita 20 ba tare da cire cardan ba ko cire kama tare da kayan aiki kai tsaye.

Don guje wa lalacewa na nau'i-nau'i na juzu'i, ana ba da shawarar dumama akwatin gear kafin fara injin a yanayin zafi ƙasa -30 ° C. Idan hakan bai yiwu ba, idan injin ya daɗe yana tsayawa, sai a zubar da man daga cikin kwandon, kafin a fara injin ɗin, sai a yi zafi da man kuma a cika shi a cikin akwati ta ramin da ke saman murfin.

Don sauƙi mai sauƙi da sauƙi kuma don kare haƙoran haƙoran haƙora da na farko da na baya daga lalacewa a kan axles, da kuma kare zoben synchronizer daga lalacewa don daidaita kama da kuma hana "drive".

Akwatin gear MAZ na'ura ce ta sauya kayan aiki wanda ke cikin na'urar watsawa tare da mai rarrabawa.