Lexus GS 450h Executive
Gwajin gwaji

Lexus GS 450h Executive

Lexus GS shine kabeji na Audi A6, BMW 5 Series da Mercedes-Benz E Series. Ko da yake an gabatar da shi shekaru biyu da suka wuce, alhamdulillahi masu fafatawa sun riga sun tsufa. Tare da wani tsauri na waje nau'i na mafi yawa BMW sandbox rink, tare da wani ciki jin babu musun Mercedes-Benz, da kuma tare da fasaha cewa 450h GS ya dauki nata hanya, za mu iya kuma ce cewa a cikin bidi'a yana da nisa a gaban sauran kafa fafatawa a gasa.

Ba abin mamaki bane, na waje yana jan hankalin masu siye waɗanda ke tunanin BMW Five. Wannan na iya faranta wa kowa rai, amma muna iya taya masu zanen kaya lafiya don nasarar haɗin ladabi da wasa. Siffa mai kaifi yana magana da yawa game da mawuyacin hali, yayin da ake ba da ladabi ta kayan haɗin zane da yawa da cikakkun bayanai na chrome. Alamar Blue Lexus zuwa hanci da baya da sumul ɗin haruffan haruffa akan sill yana nuna fasahar tuƙi mai ɗorewa, yayin da chrome ya gyara akan madubin ƙofar, ƙofofin ƙofa, kusa da fitilolin mota da ƙyallen ƙara haske. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ko da ƙaramin farantin farantin lasisin Baha'i mai haske shine ɓangaren motar.

Kamar yadda muka faɗa a gabatarwar, hidimar majagaba ba ta taɓa kasancewa ba, kuma ba za ta taɓa kasancewa hanya mai sauƙi da wahala ba. Toyota (Lexus ne kawai darajarta) ta yanke shawarar wani lokaci da suka wuce cewa kula da muhalli yana daya daga cikin manyan manufofinsa, don haka an fara samar da matasan da kuma sayar da su a matsayin motoci masu yawa, ko da lokacin da masu fafatawa suka gabatar da dizels a matsayin masu ceton duniyarmu. . Ba a ma maganar fasahar haɗaɗɗiyar da ta dogara da man fetur da injin lantarki mai yuwuwa mataki ne kawai zuwa ga manufa ta ƙarshe na abin hawan mai (hydrogen).

Yawancin masana'antun sun yi dariya game da hanyar tafiya a 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, kuma yanzu suna cikin firgita suna neman hanyoyin da za su iya kama Toyota (don haka Lexus). Saboda haka, za mu iya cewa Lexus majagaba ne na sau uku. Na farko, saboda fasahar matasan ita ce mafi kyawun fa'idarsu ban da aikin aiki, na biyu, saboda sun jajirce wajen ƙalubalantar manyan Jamusawa uku (kuma sun riga sun yi ƙarfin gwiwa a cikin Amurka), kuma na uku? Shin kun san ma nawa ne shekarun alamar Lexus? Ganin cewa Mercedes-Benz yana yin motoci har zuwa 1886, Lexus majagaba ne na gaskiya tare da samfurin farko da aka gabatar a cikin 1989, kodayake yana iya samun sauƙin sanya diapers akan gindinsa. Kuma wannan jaririyar Toyota ta riga ta taka rawar gani sosai a Amurka, kuma yanzu ta zama Turai. Hakanan Slovenia.

Idan kun riga kun zaɓi madadin "shida", "biyar" da "E", to kuyi ƙarfin hali kuma ku kawo matasan zuwa garejin ku. Kuna iya yin la'akari da GS a matsayin sedan na gargajiya mai lakabi 300 (lita uku V6, 249 horsepower) ko 460 (4-lita V6, 8 horsepower), amma 347h matasan version ba zai burge ku ba. masu fafutukar kare muhalli kawai, amma har ma wadanda kiyaye muhalli shine damuwarmu ta tara. The Lexus GS tare da matasan fasahar yana da yawa kamar inji guda biyu: fetur V450 mai 3-lita da kuma lantarki motor. Tare, su ne iya samar da wani enviable 5 "dawakai", wanda, a wasu kalmomi, yana nufin cewa factory kawai auna 6-second hanzari zuwa 345 km / h da kuma babban gudun 5 km / h.

Wannan shine bayanan da ya sanya wannan Lexus kusa da dan uwansa mai lamba GS 460, BMW 540i (6s) ko 2i (550s), Audi A5 3 V6 FSI (4.2s) da Mercedes-Benz E8 (5, 9 s). Bari mu fuskanta, idan ba ku sami ambato ba: Lexus GS Hybrid, duk da cewa kuna da injin V500 haɗe da motar lantarki, cikin sauƙin gasa tare da masu fafatawa da ƙarfin V5. 'Yan kasuwa, maraba, babbar hanyar Jamus ba ta da sauri tana jiran ku! Kodayake ƙididdiga sun ce za ku yi amfani da matsakaicin 3 (6i) ko 8 (9i) don BMW, 7 don Audi da 540 lita na Mercedes, Lexus kawai ya cinye lita 10 na man da ba a sarrafa shi na kilomita 3.

Shin kuna cewa duk da farashin man fetur da ake yi a yanzu na dizzying na motoci, wanda farashinsa ya tashi zuwa Yuro dubu 60, 70 ko 80 (ya danganta da yadda ake daidaitawa), lita sama ko ƙasa ba komai? Mun yarda sosai. Wataƙila muna buƙatar kwatanta wasu bayanai, kamar hayaƙin carbon dioxide a kowace kilomita. Matasan Jafananci suna ɗaukar gram 186 zuwa cikin iska, da limousines daga Munich (232 (246)), Ingolstadt (257) da Stuttgart (273) matsakaicin kashi na uku. Idan kun san wahalar kawar da kowane gram na CO2, to ku kuma san cewa Lexus na iya sa ku dariya da babbar murya. Yanzu za ku ce damuwa game da muhalli tare da manyan motocin limousines masu irin wannan damar shine kawai farce.

Mun sake yarda, amma wani bangare kawai. Watakila dan kasuwan da zai yi fiye da haka idan ya tuka Aygo 1.0 ko kuma Yaris 1.4 D-4D, wanda ke gurbata gram 109 da 119 a kowace kilo mita, bi da bi. Amma tsammanin su (ƙi!) Aƙalla don barin dama, jin daɗi da martabar da muka saba da su shine mafi girman ruɗi. Shi ya sa yake ƙoƙarin bayar da ingancin rayuwa iri ɗaya amma ta hanyar da ta fi dacewa da muhalli. Kuma GS 450h shine babban matsayi a nan!

Ba kamar Lexus RX 400h ba, inda injin mai da farko ke tafiyar da ƙafafu na gaba kawai kuma injin ɗin lantarki yana tafiyar da ƙafafun baya, GS 450h koyaushe yana motsa ƙafafun baya. Injin silinda mai hawa shida mai tsayin tsayi yana tafiyar da ƙafafun baya, yayin da watsa shirye-shiryen na taimakawa tare da aikin, musamman a cikin ƙananan gudu kuma cikin hanzari. Yana da ban sha'awa don yin magana da mai siyar, wanda koyaushe yana da kirki don ba ku maɓallin "smart" (abokai a cikin sabis ɗin wata hanya ce mai wayo don jawo hankalin abokan ciniki!).

Mutane da yawa suna tambaya idan suna buƙatar canza wani abu zuwa karkatar da wutar lantarki, ko suna buƙatar caji da dare, da sauransu. Lexus ya ƙirƙiri wani nau'in da baya buƙatar ƙarin ilimi ko daidaita direban zuwa ga keɓaɓɓen drivetrain. Abinda kawai kuke buƙatar sani shine injin injin ba ya farkawa da farawa. Don haka babu hayaniya. Ana nuna kalmar Turanci Ready akan ma'aunin wutar lantarki (mitar hagu da yakamata ta nuna saurin injin). Shi ke nan. Sannan mun sanya lever ɗin watsawa ta atomatik a matsayi na D kuma ji daɗi. ... shiru. Wataƙila ba ku taɓa jin irin wannan shiru a cikin motar ba. Da farko kuna ganin abin mamaki ne, amma bayan 'yan mil kaɗan kuna fara jin daɗin sa.

Yana jin daɗin ƙara sauraron kiɗan da ke fitowa daga tsarin Mark Levinson. Madalla! Fasinjoji na iya mamakin hanzarin da ke da ban sha'awa ga irin wannan babbar motar (da nauyi). Lokacin da injin mai ke wahalar da tsokoki, kuma musamman lokacin da madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar motar wutar lantarki ke birgima hannayen ta a farkon farawa, suna lalata sedan zuwa 100 km / h cikin kusan daƙiƙa shida. A baya kusan koyaushe yana samun ɗan ƙaramin tashin hankali a maƙududden buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen wuta, kuma ba da daɗewa ba za a kwantar da shi cikin nasara. Idan yaron ya sami dama kuma (a wani ɓangare) ya kashe wannan tsarin lantarki a cikin motar mahaifinsa, da alama zai ji cewa GS tana da kulle daban.

Kuma da alama zan kuma ji yadda saurin baya yake tafiya akan faɗin hanya, tunda ƙarfin gaske yana da girma. Motar lantarki mai daidaitawa, wacce ke aiki akan AC 650 volts AC kuma ana amfani da batirin hydride na nickel-ƙarfe ('ya'yan haɗin gwiwa tare da Panasonic), baya buƙatar caji, don haka ba lallai ne ku yi rami a garejin ku ba. tashar wutar lantarki. Koyaya, a nan gaba, wata fasaha da ake kira Toshe-In wataƙila za ta kasance ga masu amfani, kamar yadda baturan zamani suka dace da ƙarfin cibiyar sadarwar gida. Ana cajin motar wutar lantarki ta atomatik yayin tuƙi, kamar yadda makamashi ke farfadowa yayin birki da tuƙi ba tare da iskar gas ba, kuma musamman lokacin tuƙi ƙasa.

Amma abin nufi shi ne, motar lantarki tana bayyana farar tutar ba da jimawa ba, sannan injin mai ya fara aiki. Canje -canje tsakanin motar lantarki da motar mai ta yau da kullun kusan ba a iya gani, ba a iya ji kuma ba ta da damuwa. Babban kuskuren shine cewa injin lantarki yana da inganci sosai a cikin ƙarancin birni. Har yanzu Slovenia ba ta da isasshen mota, a wasu kalmomin, tana jan motsi don ɓangaren wutar lantarki na motar don tabbatar da ƙimarta. Sabanin wannan motar ita ce mafi kyau a cikin birni cikin ƙarancin gudu.

Duk da haka, mun yi imanin cewa ba ku sayi mota kusan mita biyar ba, cewa za ku matse titunan birni na sa'o'i da yawa kowace rana, ko? Magana game da zirga-zirgar birni. . Lexus GS 450h abin hawa ne mai haɗari, yayin da muka kusa bugi wasu ƴan tafiya marasa gafala saboda hawan shuru. Ya kamata ka ga irin yanayin da suka ga gawar a gabansu a ƙarshe, wanda ba su lura da shi ba - sun yi zato. Ba komai, yana da daɗi muddin komai yana ƙarƙashin iko! Injin mai, ba shakka, an inganta shi ta fasaha.

A Lexus, an ba shi haɗin haɗin kai tsaye da kai tsaye. Wato, za su iya allurar allurar ne kawai a cikin ɗakin konewa (yanayin kai tsaye) ko kuma masu allurar a cikin bututun ci (a kaikaice), don haka ana haifar da ƙarin ƙarfi da ƙarancin gurɓataccen iska. Bugu da kari, injin na V6 yana alfahari da VVT-i mai dual, watau madaidaicin kusurwar dukkan camshafts, kayan nauyi da tsarin shaye-shaye wanda ke rage amo tare da bango biyu. Sakamakon duk wannan fasaha ita ce a cikin gwajin mu mun yi amfani da matsakaicin lita goma na man da ba a sarrafa shi a kilomita 100. Kusan "dawakai" 350 da motar tan biyu, wannan ya fi farin ciki! Tabbas, tare da matasan, akwai damuwa game da kula da wannan tsarin na musamman.

Abin takaici, bayan kwanaki 14 na gwaji, ba za mu iya tabbatar da ko wannan yana da matsala sosai a cikin dogon lokaci, amma bayanin garanti ya riga ya faɗi da yawa. Ragowar garantin shine shekaru uku ko kilomita 100, yayin da abubuwan haɗin gwiwar suna da garantin shekaru biyar ko kilomita 100. Har ila yau, ɓangaren da ke tuka wutar lantarki ya lalace gaba ɗaya a ƙarshen rayuwarsa kuma dole ne ya yi aiki har tsawon rayuwar abin hawa. Kwarewarmu ta nuna cewa ba mu sami matsala ɗaya ba: ba a lokacin kora ba, ba a cikin zafi mai zafi a cikin ginshiƙi ba, ba a safiya mai sanyi ba, har ma fiye da haka yayin tuki na yau da kullun. Hats kashe, Lexus, da kyau!

Shafar ƙofar yana buɗe duk ƙofofi. Makullin maɓalli a cikin aljihunka yana fara tsari wanda ba za ka iya samun nutsuwa ba. Kowane wurin zama yana haskakawa cikin hikima, amma lokacin da kuka buɗe ƙofar, haske yana haskakawa ƙarƙashin ƙafafunku. Lokacin da kuka shiga, yankin da ke ƙarƙashin kujera yana haskakawa, kuma lokacin da kuka fita, komai na kewayen motar. Ainihin, wannan ba sabon abu bane, amma Lexus ya kula da taimaka wa fasinjoji da daddare ko a cikin gareji, wanda ke aiki da hankali kuma babu abin da ke shiga cikin matsala. Kamar a gidan wasan kwaikwayo ko opera, lokacin da fitilun ke kashewa sannu a hankali. Motar sitiyari ta koma cikin dash ɗin don cikin ya zame cikin sauƙi a bayan motar, wanda ya tunatar da mu da Mercedes.

Ya dace da kwanciyar hankali, amma abin takaici kujerun (kuma cike da cikakkun bayanai na zane mai ban sha'awa) an yi su don ɗaukar nauyi mai nauyi fiye da direbobi masu nauyin kiba. Tsarin tuƙi yana da lantarki, ba shakka, amma yana aiki daidai da na Mercedes limousines. Gudanar da filin ajiye motoci yana da sauƙin gaske, tare da sassaucin kulawar da ke taƙama kaɗan a cikin mafi girma, amma har yanzu bai isa ba don samun kyakkyawar fahimtar abin da ke faruwa a ƙarƙashin ƙafafun 18-inch. Nemi Audi ko BMW don ƙarin ƙarfin haɓakawa, kamar yadda Lexus ke kusa da Mercedes mai daɗi duk da tsayayyen waje.

Irin wannan labarin yana tare da chassis. Taurin girgiza ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar lantarki kuma gaba ɗaya chassis ɗin yana da daɗi sosai. Idan kuna son tafiya 'yan juyawa da sauri, canzawa zuwa girgiza mai ƙarfi. Sannan, ba shakka, GS 450h za ta yi riƙo da ƙarfi a kafafu masu ƙarfi, amma har yanzu za ku ji kamar an ƙera katako mai taushi maimakon shirye -shiryen zama ɗan wasa na gaske. Bayan haka, za mu iya tambayar kanmu cikin nutsuwa idan wannan yana da ma'ana ko kaɗan? Ko da Boeing 747 ba zai taɓa zama jirgin yaƙin soja ba. ...

Kamar yadda ya dace da motar wannan ajin, kayan aikin suna da yawa, daga kujeru masu zafi da sanyaya zuwa kewayawa, daga fata da itace zuwa firikwensin ajiye motoci da kyamarar da tayi nasarar taimakawa yayin juyawa. Kwamitin kulawa yana da wadataccen kaya amma an shimfida shi da kyau don kada ku ɓace cikin maɓallan da yawa. Yana burgewa tare da sauƙin menu mai sauƙi kuma yana fara shiga hanyar taɓa taɓawa, wanda koyaushe ana ɗaukar yatsan hannu saboda yatsunsa masu maiko. Idan kuna son samun mota mai tsabta, dole ne ku tsaftace bayan ku koyaushe ko ɗaukar mace mai tsaftacewa tare da ku. Wanne ba shi da kyau, musamman idan ta kasance ƙarama kuma kyakkyawa, ko ba haka ba?

A karshe, bari in ambaci wasu siffofi guda biyu da ke damun ku. Lexus (mai kama da Toyota) ba shi da fitilu masu gudu na rana, don haka tuni (ba a ganuwa) an ba da shawarar shigar da sauƙi mai sauƙi a cikin dillalin mota, wanda ke biyan kuɗin Yuro kaɗan kuma yana ba ku damar rayuwa ba tare da kunna ƙafar hagu ba dole ba. Matsala mafi muni ita ce gangar jikin ɗan adam. Godiya ga ƙarin batura, girmansa shine kawai lita 280, don haka yana cikin tsarin Yaris, kuma ba shi yiwuwa a ninka akwati da yawa a ciki. Masu fafatawa suna da aƙalla babba ɗaya. Amma wannan daya gefen matasan a ƙarshe za'a iya warwarewa? za ka iya shigar da akwatin a kan rufin. Don haka, za mu iya sake ɗauka cewa GS 450h ba cikakke ba ne kuma mai nisa daga dace da kowa da kowa, amma babu shakka yana da ci gaba da fasaha, mai ban sha'awa, mai dadi da kyau kuma, kamar haka, ƙaya mai tsanani a gefen babban Jamusanci uku. Ga majagaba (jariri) ya riga ya sami hanya mai kyau, ba ma maganar abin da ke gaba!

Fuska da fuska

Dusan Lukic: Bari mu bar muhawarar game da yadda motocin haɗin gwiwar ke da alaƙa da muhalli (idan aka yi la'akari da cewa samar da su yana buƙatar makamashi da sarrafa hayaƙi). Tare da wannan haɗin motar motar (kuma, idan mun manta yadda duk yake aiki a fasaha), wannan GS yana da iko sosai game da aikin kuma yana da shiru kuma yana da ladabi a lokaci guda. Gaskiyar cewa gangar jikin ta kasance (sosai) ƙanƙanta ita ce kawai gaskiyar da za a yi la'akari da ita, kuma gaskiyar cewa wasu daga cikin masu sauyawa da sassan filastik har yanzu ɗan Jafananci ne (ko Amurkawa, idan kuna so) yana da karɓuwa ga wasu. kamar yadda wasu, ba kwata-kwata. A takaice, idan kuna son jure wa ƴan gazawa, wannan GS shine mafi kyawun aji a gare ku. Idan ba haka ba, manta game da shi a yanzu.

Vinko Kernc: Mafi nan da nan kama ido - ko yana da makomar matasan motoci, ko shugabanci zaba ta Lexus, da dai sauransu. Yawancin ra'ayoyin sune na duniya, sauran galibi basu da tushe, da nufin ƙarin sha'awar jawo hankali fiye da sharhi mai mahimmanci. Kudi don haɓakawa da haɗari shine Toyota, kuma lokaci zai faɗi yadda kuma menene.

Amma akwai kuma kasawa: ba za ku sami irin wannan hadaddun, ban sha'awa da kuma nagartaccen fasahar tuƙi daga kowace iri. Kuma mafi mahimmanci: tuƙi abu ne mai ban mamaki.

Alyosha Mrak, hoto:? Ales Pavletich, Sasha Kapetanovich

Lexus GS 450h Executive

Bayanan Asali

Talla: Toyota Adria Ltd.
Farashin ƙirar tushe: 69.650 €
Kudin samfurin gwaji: 73.320 €
Ƙarfi:218 kW (296


KM)
Hanzari (0-100 km / h): 5,9 s
Matsakaicin iyaka: 250 km / h
Amfani da ECE, sake zagayowar: 7,9 l / 100km
Garanti: Babban garanti na shekaru 3 ko 100.000 kilomita 5, shekaru 100.000 ko 3 3 kilomita garantin kayan haɗin gwal, garanti na shekaru 12, garanti na shekaru XNUMX don fenti, garanti na shekaru XNUMX akan tsatsa.

Kudin (har zuwa kilomita 100.000 ko shekaru biyar)

Ayyuka na yau da kullun, ayyuka, kayan: 1.522 €
Man fetur: 11.140 €
Taya (1) 8.640 €
Inshorar tilas: 4.616 €
CASCO INSURANCE ( + B, K), AO, AO +4.616


(
Yi lissafin kudin inshorar mota
Sayi sama .70.958 0,71 XNUMX (farashin km: XNUMX)


)

Bayanin fasaha

injin: 6-Silinda - 4-bugun jini - in-line - fetur - longitudinally saka a gaba - bore da bugun jini 94,0 × 83,0 mm - gudun hijira 3.456 cm? - matsawa 11,8: 1 - matsakaicin iko 218 kW (296 hp) a 6.400 rpm - matsakaicin gudun piston a matsakaicin iko 17,7 m / s - takamaiman iko 63,1 kW / l (85,8 hp / l) - matsakaicin karfin 368 Nm a 4.800 rpm. min - 2 camshafts a cikin kai (bel na lokaci) - 4 bawuloli da silinda. Motar axle ta baya: injin maganadisu na dindindin na aiki tare - ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki 650 V - matsakaicin ƙarfin 147 kW (200 hp) a 4.610 5.120-275 rpm - matsakaicin karfin juyi 0 Nm a 1.500-288 rpm. Alumulator: Nickel-metal hydride baturi - ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki 6,5 V - ƙarfin XNUMX Ah.
Canja wurin makamashi: injunan da ke motsawa ta ƙafafun baya - sarrafawa ta hanyar lantarki ta ci gaba da canzawa ta atomatik (E-CVT) tare da kayan duniya - 7J × 18 ƙafafun - 245/40 ZR 18 tayoyin, kewayon mirgina 1,97 m.
Ƙarfi: babban gudun 250 km / h - hanzari 0-100 km / h a 5,9 s - man fetur amfani (ECE) 9,2 / 7,2 / 7,9 l / 100 km.
Sufuri da dakatarwa: sedan - ƙofofi 5, kujeru 5 - jiki mai goyan bayan kai - firam ɗin gaba, dakatarwar mutum, struts na bazara, katako na giciye triangular, stabilizer - firam ɗin taimako na baya, dakatarwar mutum ɗaya, axle mai haɗawa da yawa, struts na bazara, stabilizer - birki na gaba (birki na diski na gaba). sanyaya tilas) , diski na baya, birki na fakin inji akan ƙafafun baya (fefen hagu na hagu) - tara da sitiyatin pinion, tuƙin wutar lantarki, 2,6 yana juyawa tsakanin matsananciyar maki.
taro: abin hawa fanko 2.005 kg - halatta jimlar nauyi 2.355 kg - halatta trailer nauyi 2.000 kg, ba tare da birki 750 kg - halatta rufin lodi: babu bayanai samuwa.
Girman waje: abin hawa nisa 1.820 mm - gaba hanya 1.540 mm - raya hanya 1.545 mm - kasa yarda 11,2 m.
Girman ciki: gaban nisa 1.530 mm, raya 1.490 - gaban wurin zama tsawon 500 mm, raya wurin zama 510 - tuƙi dabaran diamita 380 mm - man fetur tank 65 l.
Akwati: An auna ƙarar akwati tare da daidaitaccen tsarin AM na akwatunan Samsonite 5 (jimlar 278,5 L): wurare 5: 1 × jakar baya (20 L); 1 suit akwati na jirgin sama (36 l); 1 × akwati (68,5 l)

Ma’aunanmu

T = 16 ° C / p = 1.040 mbar / rel. Mai shi: 44% / Taya: Dunlop SP Sport 5000M DSST 245/40 / ZR 18 / Karatun Mita: 1.460 km
Hanzari 0-100km:6,2s
402m daga birnin: Shekaru 14,3 (


164 km / h)
1000m daga birnin: Shekaru 25,9 (


213 km / h)
Matsakaicin iyaka: 250 km / h


(Matsayi D)
Mafi qarancin amfani: 8,8 l / 100km
Matsakaicin amfani: 11,2 l / 100km
gwajin amfani: 10,0 l / 100km
Nisan birki a 130 km / h: 70,9m
Nisan birki a 100 km / h: 41,4m
Teburin AM: 42m
Kuskuren gwaji: babu kuskure

Gaba ɗaya ƙimar (395/420)

  • Ya rasa biyar, wanda ba shi da mahimmanci. Yana da mahimmanci cewa daga yanzu, 'yan kasuwa sun sami damar siyan limousine mai sauri wanda ke ba da jin daɗi da kuma motsa jiki, amma a lokaci guda ya fi dacewa da muhalli. BMWs sun yi hauka tare da ƙira mai ƙarfi da Mercedes-Benz tare da kyakkyawar ta'aziyya. Amma har yanzu BMW ya fi tuƙi. Koyaya, Mercedes-Benz yana da dogon tarihi. Wannan kuma yana da mahimmanci ga motocin wannan aji.

  • Na waje (14/15)

    Anyi tunani a hankali kuma zane mai ban sha'awa. Bari kowa yayi wa kansa hukunci ko yana so.

  • Ciki (116/140)

    Ba shi ne mafi girma ba dangane da girman ciki; ya rasa 'yan maki saboda rashin dumama (sanyaya) ko iska, kuma mafi yawa saboda ƙaramin akwati.

  • Injin, watsawa (39


    / 40

    Kusan dukkan maki suna magana don kansu. Wanene zai yi tunanin cewa matasan na iya zama da rai!

  • Ayyukan tuki (73


    / 95

    Duk da damping na daidaitawa, wannan sedan ne mai daɗi wanda ya fi son tafiya cikin annashuwa maimakon karya rikodin sauri.

  • Ayyuka (35/35)

    Da kyar kuke iya neman kari. Idan ba ku yi hankali ba, ƙila za a iya soke lasisin tuƙin ku da sabon tara.

  • Tsaro (41/45)

    Yana rasa ɗan matsakaicin tazarar birki, amma aminci mai aiki da aminci wani suna ne na GS.

  • Tattalin Arziki

    Yi ado da kanku a tashoshin mai kuma tabbatar da garanti, ɗan ƙarancin alheri don farashi da asarar ƙima.

Muna yabawa da zargi

iya aiki

amfani da mai

aiki

Kayan aiki

ta'aziyya (shiru)

majagaba (dabara)

girman ganga

rashin dumama ta atomatik (sanyaya) ko samun iska

ba shi da hasken rana mai gudana

sadarwa servo-kira

nauyin inji

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