Bindigu masu sarrafa kansu masu haske “Marder” II, “Marder” II Sd.Kfz.131, Sd.Kfz.132

Hasken anti-tanki mai sarrafa kansa "Marder" II, “Marder” II Sd.Kfz.131, Sd.Kfz.132 An samar da rukunin mai sarrafa kansa ne a karshen shekara ta 1941 domin karfafa garkuwa da tankokin yaki na sojojin Jamus. An yi amfani da babban tanki na T-II na Jamus wanda ya tsufa tare da ƙafafun hanyoyi masu matsakaicin diamita da dakatarwar bazarar ganye azaman tushe. An shigar da hasumiya mai sulke a tsakiyar ɓangaren tanki, buɗe a sama da baya. Gidan yana sanye da bindigogin tanka na 75 mm ko 50 mm ko kuma an gyara bindigogin Soviet 76,2 mm da aka kama. A lokaci guda, shimfidar tanki bai canza ba: tashar wutar lantarki ta kasance a baya, watsa wutar lantarki da ƙafafun motar sun kasance a gaba. Kai anti-tanki bindigogi "Marder" II tun 1942 da aka yi amfani da anti-tanki battalions na dakaru division. Don lokacinsu, sun kasance makamin yaƙi mai ƙarfi, amma makamansu ba su isa ba, kuma tsayinsu ya yi yawa. Jamus "Waffenamt" ta ba da wani aiki don samar da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu na jerin "Marder" a ƙarshen 1941. Ya zama dole a gaggawa don inganta motsi na bindigogi ta hanyar shigar da su a kan kowane chassis da ya dace. zuwa ga tartsatsi amfani da tankunan T-34 da KV ta Red Army. An yi la'akari da wannan zaɓi a matsayin matsakaicin matsakaici, a nan gaba an tsara shi don ɗaukar tankuna masu lalata masu tasiri. 7,62 см Рак (R) AKAN PZ. KPFW. II Ausf.D “MARDER” II – 76,2 mm anti-tanki mai sarrafa kansa gun Pak36(r) akan chassis na Pz.Kpfw.II Ausf.D/E “Marder”II tanki; mai lalata tanki akan chassis na Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. D / E, dauke da bindigar Soviet 76,2 mm F-22 da aka kama. A ranar 20 ga Disamba, 1941, an umurci Alkett da ya shigar da bindigar Soviet 76,2-mm F-22 da aka kama, samfurin 1936, wanda V.G. Grabina akan chassis na tanki Pz. Kpfw. II Ausf.D. Gaskiyar ita ce, masu zanen Soviet, wanda V.G. Grabin ke jagoranta, a cikin tsakiyar 30s, sun yi la'akari da cewa ya zama dole su watsar da harsashi don samfurin samfurin 1902/30, kuma su canza zuwa wani ballistics daban-daban, tare da cajin da ya fi karfi. Amma kwamandojin manyan bindigogi na Red Army sun yi la'akari da kin amincewa da ballistics na "inch uku" a matsayin sacrilege. Saboda haka, an tsara F-22 don harbin samfurin 1902/30. Amma ganga da breech an ƙirƙira su ta yadda, idan ya cancanta, za ku iya kawai fitar da ɗakin caji da sauri zuwa harbi tare da babban hannun riga da caji mafi girma, ta haka ƙara saurin muzzle na majigi da ƙarfin bindiga. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a shigar da birki na muzzle don ɗaukar wani ɓangare na makamashin koma baya. Sd.Kfz.132 “Marder” II Ausf.D/E (Sf) "Panzer Selbstfahrlafette" 1 don 7,62 cm Рак 36(r) akan "Panzerkampfwagen" II Ausf.D1 da D2 Jamusawa sun yaba da yuwuwar da ke tattare da ƙirar. Gidan cajin bindigar ya gaji don babban hannun riga, an sanya birki na muzzle akan ganga. A sakamakon haka, farkon gudu na makamai-sokin projectile ya karu kuma ya kai kusan 750 m / s. Gun iya yaki ba kawai T-34, amma kuma nauyi KV. Kamfanin Alkett ya yi nasarar shawo kan shigar da bindigar Soviet a cikin rukunin fada na Pz.Kpfw.II Ausf.D. Rumbun, tashar wutar lantarki, watsawa da chassis na tankin tushe ba su canza ba. A cikin ƙayyadaddun hasumiya mai ma'ana tare da ƙananan tarnaƙi, wanda aka ɗora a kan rufin kwandon tanki, an shigar da bindigar 76,2-mm kusa da baya, an rufe shi da garkuwar U-dimbin yawa. Jamusawa sun kama manyan bindigogin F-22 a cikin yanayi mai kyau a lokacin rani na 1941. Wani makami mai tsayin mita 75 na Jamus ya huda sulke mai kauri 90 mm a kusurwar taro na digiri 116 daga nesa na 1000 m. Amfani da harsashi ga bindigar PaK40. Makarantun da aka harba daga ingantattun bindigogin F-22 sun huda sulke mai kauri mai kauri 1000 daga nesa na mita 108 a wani kusurwa na digiri 90. Na'urorin hana tanki masu sarrafa kansu an sanye su da abubuwan kallon telescopic na ZF3x8. Tank halakar "Marder" II tare da F-22 igwa fara shiga sabis tare da anti-tanki bataliyoyin tanki da kuma motorized division a farkon lokacin rani na 1942. "Marder" na farko da aka samu ta hanyar motorized division "Grossdeutschland". An yi amfani da su a gaba har zuwa ƙarshen 1943, lokacin da aka maye gurbinsu da wasu masu lalata tankunan da suka fi nasara a kan Pz.Kpfw.38 (t) chassis. An kammala odar sake kayan aikin motoci 150 a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 1942. An sake yin ƙarin kayan aikin lalata tankokin 51 daga tankunan Pz.Kpfw.II "Flamm" da aka dawo don gyarawa. A cikin duka, a cikin kamfanoni na damuwa "Alkett" da "Wegmann" daga tankuna Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf.D da Pz.Kpfw.II "Ramm" 201 masu lalata tanki "Marder" II an canza su. 7,5 см Рак40 ON PZ.KPFW.II AF, "MARDER" II (sd.kfz.131) - 75-mm anti-tanki kai bindigogi "Marder" II a kan chassis na tanki Pz.Kpfw.II Ausf.F; mai lalata tanki akan chassis na PzII Ausf. AF, dauke da bindigar anti-tanki mai girman 75mm Rak40. A ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1942, a wani taro a cikin Wehrmacht's Armament Directorate, batun yiwuwar kara samar da tankunan PzII Ausf.F a wani adadin motoci kusan 50 a kowane wata ko kuma canji zuwa samar da 75-mm anti- An yi la'akari da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu na tanka akan chassis na wadannan tankunan. An yanke shawarar rage samar da PzII Ausf.F da kuma kaddamar da wani tanki mai lalata a kan chassis, sanye take da 75-mm Rak40 anti-tank gun, wanda yana da babban aiki da kuma nasarar yaki da Soviet T-34 matsakaici tankuna har ma. KVs. Sd.Kfz.131 “Marder” II Ausf.A/B/C/F(Sf) 7,5cm Рак 40/2 akan "Chassis Panzerkampfwagen" II (Sf) Ausf.A/B/C/F Injin, watsawa da chassis ba su canzawa daga injin tushe. Wani gidan keken hannu mai sauƙi na rectangular, buɗe a sama da baya, yana tsakiyar kwandon. Ana matsar da igwa gaba. "Marder" II tare da 75-mm Pak40 gun ya fara shiga cikin tanki da kuma motorized sassan Wehrmacht da SS daga Yuli 1942. Raka'a masu sarrafa kansu na jerin Marder sun dogara ne akan chassis na tankunan da ba a daɗe ba, sun kware sosai wajen samarwa da aiki, ko kuma a kan chassis na tankunan Faransa da aka kama. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu suna dauke da ko dai Jamus Rheinmetall-Borzing 75 mm PaK40 bindigogi, ko kama Soviet 76,2 mm F-22 divisional bindigogi na 1936 model. Sd.Kfz.131 “Marder” II Akidar haɓaka na'urar rigakafin tanki mai sarrafa kanta ta dogara ne akan iyakar yuwuwar amfani da abubuwan da ke akwai da majalisu. Daga Afrilu 1942 zuwa Mayu 1944, masana'antar ta samar da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu 2812. Sigar farko ta jerin bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu ta Marder sun sami lakabin "Marder" II Sd.Kfz.132. Injin na jerin Marder da kyar ba za a iya dangana ga nasarar ƙira ba. Dukkan bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu suna da martaba sosai, wanda hakan ya sa aka samu saukin gano su a fagen daga, ma'aikatan jirgin ba su da isasshen kariya da sulke ko da harsashi da harsasai masu karfin bindiga. Sashin fada, wanda aka bude daga sama, ya haifar da rashin jin daɗi ga ma'aikatan bindiga mai sarrafa kansa a cikin mummunan yanayi. Duk da haka, duk da gazawar da aka samu, bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu sun yi nasarar tinkarar ayyukan da aka ba su. bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu na jerin "Marder" sun kasance suna aiki tare da tanki, panzergrenadier da ƙungiyoyin sojoji, mafi yawan lokuta a cikin sabis tare da bataliyoyin halakar tanki, "Panzerjager Abteilung". A cikin duka, a cikin 1942-1943, tsire-tsire na FAMO, MAN da Daimler-Benz sun shafi ƙera 576 Marder II tanki da kuma wani 75 da aka canza daga tankunan Pz.Kpfw.II da aka samar a baya. A karshen Maris 1945, Wehrmacht yana da 301 Marder II shigarwa tare da 75-mm Pak40 gun. Halayen dabara da fasaha na bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu na dangin "Marder".   PzJg I Samfurin PzJg I Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz. 101 Manufacturer "Alkawari" t Chassis PzKpfw I  Ausf.В Nauyin yaƙi, kg 6 400 Ma'aikata, mutane 3 Gudu, km / h   - ta babbar hanya 40 - tare da hanyar kasar 18 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km   - a kan babbar hanya 120 - a kasa 80 Tankin mai, l 148 Length, mm 4 420 Width, mm 1 850 Height, mm 2 250 Tsarkaka, mm 295 Faɗin waƙa, mm 280 Injin "Maybach" NL38 TKRM Arfi, h.p. 100 Mitar, rpm 3 000 Makami, nau'in Yarjejeniya) Caliber, mm 47 Tsawon ganga, cal, 43,4 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s   - sokin sulke 775 - sub-caliber 1070 Harsashi, rds. 68-86 Bindigogin inji, nau'in x lamba - Caliber, mm - Harsashi, harsashi -   Martan II Samfurin "Marder" II Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz.131 Sd.Kfz.132 Manufacturer Alket Alket Chassis PzKpfw II  Kashe F. PzKpfw II  Ausf.E Nauyin yaƙi, kg 10 800 11 500 Ma'aikata, mutane 4 4 Gudu, km / h     - ta babbar hanya 40 50 - tare da hanyar kasar 21 30 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km     - a kan babbar hanya 150   - a kasa 100   Tankin mai, l 170 200 Length, mm 6 100 5 600 Width, mm 2 280 2 300 Height, mm 2 350 2 600 Tsarkaka, mm 340 290 Faɗin waƙa, mm 300 300 Injin "Maybach" HL62TRM "Maybach" HL62TRM Arfi, h.p. 140 140 Mitar, rpm 3 000 3 000 Makami, nau'in PaK40/2 PaK36(r) Caliber, mm 75 76,2 Tsawon ganga, cal, 46 * 54,8 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s     - sokin sulke 750 740 - sub-caliber 920 960 Harsashi, rds.     Bindigogin inji, nau'in x lamba 1 xMG-34 1 xMG-34 Caliber, mm 7,92 7,92 Harsashi, harsashi 9 600 * - Ana ba da tsayin ganga, la'akari da birki na muzzle. Gaskiya tsayin ganga 43 caliber   Marten III Samfurin "Marder" III Fihirisar sojoji Sd.Kfz.138 (H) Sd.Kfz.138 (M) Sd.Kfz.139 Manufacturer "BMM" "BMM", "Skoda" "BMM", "Skoda" Chassis PzKpfw 38 (t) GW 38 (t) PzKpfw 38 (t) Nauyin yaƙi, kg 10 600 10 500 11 300 Ma'aikata, mutane 4 4 4 Gudu, km / h       - ta babbar hanya 47 45 42 - tare da hanyar kasar   28 25 Tanadin wutar lantarki, km       - a kan babbar hanya 200 210 210 - a kasa 120 140 140 Tankin mai, l 218 218 218 Length, mm 5 680 4 850 6 250 Width, mm 2 150 2 150 2 150 Height, mm 2 350 2 430 2 530 Tsarkaka, mm 380 380 380 Faɗin waƙa, mm 293 293 293 Injin "Prague" AC/2800 "Prague" AC/2800 "Prague" AC/2800 Arfi, h.p. 160 160 160 Mitar, rpm 2 800 2 800 2 800 Makami, nau'in PaK40/3 PaK40/3 PaK36 (r) Caliber, mm 75 75 76,2 Tsawon ganga, cal, 46 * 46 * 54,8 Farko saurin tsinkaya, m/s       - sokin sulke 750 750 740 - sub-caliber 933 933 960 Harsashi, rds.       Bindigogin inji, nau'in x lamba 1 xMG-34 1 xMG-34 1 xMG-34 Caliber, mm 7,92 7,92 7,92 Harsashi, harsashi 600   600 * - Ana ba da tsayin ganga, la'akari da birki na muzzle. Gaskiya tsayin ganga 43 caliber  Sources: Marder II Mai Rushe Tankin Jama'a [Tsarin Sojoji na Tornado 65]; Marder II [Mawallafin Buga na Sojojin 65]; Panzerjager Marder II sdkfz 131 [Armor Photogallery 09]; Marder II [Mawallafin Buga na Sojojin 209]; Bryan Perrett; Mike Badrocke (1999). Sturmartillerie & Panzerjager 1939-45; Janusz Ledwoch, 1997, Jamus yaƙi motocin 1933-1945.