Jirgin ruwa "Crusader"
Jirgin ruwa "Crusader"Tank, Cruiser Crusader.
An dakatar da ci gaban farko na aikin A15 saboda rashin tabbas na buƙatun da kansu kuma sun ci gaba a ƙarƙashin sunan A16 a Nuffield. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan amincewa da shimfidar katako na A13 Mk III ("Alƙawari"), wanda aka gabatar a cikin Afrilu 1939, shugaban Hukumar Mechanization ya nemi Babban Jami'in da ya yi la'akari da wasu ƙirar ƙirar da za ta dace da tanki mai nauyi. Waɗannan su ne A18 (ɗaɗɗen gyare-gyare na tankin Tetrarch), A14 (wanda Landon Midland da Scottish Railway suka haɓaka), A16 (wanda Nuffield ya haɓaka), da "sabon" A15, wanda yakamata ya zama babban sigar A13Mk III. A15 ya kasance sanannen abin da aka fi so, tunda ya yi amfani da yawancin abubuwan da aka gyara da tarukan tankuna na A13, gami da nau'in nau'in nau'in Christie, don haka zai iya shiga cikin sauri da sauri, godiya ga tsayin daka ya toshe ramuka masu fadi kuma yana da 30-40 mm armor, wanda ya ba shi dama mafi girma fiye da sauran masu nema. Nuffield kuma ya ba da shawarar haɓaka tanki dangane da A13 M1s III tare da haɓaka ƙaƙƙarfan abin hawa ta dabaran hanya ɗaya a kowane gefe. A cikin Yuni 1939, Nuffield ya ba da shawarar yin amfani da injin Liberty na tushe A13 maimakon Meadows na tankin A13 Mk III, kamar yadda Liberty ta riga ta sanya Nuffield cikin samarwa amma ba ta yi amfani da shi ba. Ya kuma yi alkawarin rage nauyi; Shugaban Sashen Injiniyan ya amince kuma a cikin Yuli 1939 sun ba da aikin da ya dace na tankuna 200 da samfurin gwaji. An shirya na ƙarshe ta Maris 1940. A tsakiyar 1940, oda na A15 aka ƙara zuwa 400, sa'an nan zuwa 1062 inji, kuma Nuffield ya zama jagora a cikin wani rukuni na tara kamfanoni da hannu a samar da A15. Har zuwa 1943, jimlar fitarwa ta kai motoci 5300. "Cututtukan yara" na samfurin sun haɗa da rashin samun iska, rashin isasshen sanyaya injin, da matsalolin canzawa. Ƙirƙirar ba tare da dogon gwaji ba yana nufin cewa Crusader, kamar yadda ake kira shi a ƙarshen 1940, ya nuna rashin aminci. A lokacin fada a cikin hamada, tankin Crusader ya zama babban tankin Burtaniya daga bazara na 1941. Ya fara ganin mataki a Capuzzo a watan Yuni 1941 kuma ya shiga cikin duk yakin da ya biyo baya a Arewacin Afirka, har ma a farkon yakin El Alamein a watan Oktoba 1942 ya kasance yana aiki da bindigar 57 mm, ko da yake a lokacin. An riga an maye gurbinsu da MZ na Amurka da M4.
A karshe an janye tankunan yaki na 'yan Salibiyya na karshe a cikin watan Mayun 1943, amma an yi amfani da wannan samfurin a matsayin horo har zuwa karshen yakin. Daga tsakiyar 1942, Crusader chassis aka daidaita zuwa daban-daban na musamman motoci, ciki har da ZSU, manyan bindigogi da kuma ARVs. A lokacin da aka kera kungiyar ‘Yan Salibiyya, ya makara wajen yin la’akari da darussan fada da aka yi a Faransa a shekarar 1940 a cikin tsarinsa. Musamman ma, an kawar da tururuwar bindigar hanci saboda rashin samun iskar da iska da karancin amfani da shi, haka ma. domin saukaka samarwa. Bugu da ƙari, ya zama mai yiwuwa don ƙara yawan kauri na makamai a cikin ɓangaren gaba na ƙwanƙwasa da turret. A ƙarshe, an sake gyara Mk III daga 2-pounder zuwa 6-laba.
Jamusawa sun yi bikin wannan tankin Crusader don saurinsa, amma ba zai iya yin gogayya da Pz III na Jamus da igwa mai tsayi 50mm - babban abokin hamayyarsa a cikin hamada - a cikin kaurin makamai, shigarsa da amincin aiki. Har ila yau, bindigogin anti-tanki mai tsayin 55-mm, 75-mm da 88-mm na Jamus suma cikin sauki sun afkawa 'yan Salibiyya a lokacin da ake gwabzawa a cikin hamada.
Aiki halaye na tanki MK VI "Crusider III"
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Kamfanin Nuffield ne ya samar da tankin Crusader a cikin 1940 kuma yana wakiltar ci gaba na dangin tankunan jirgin ruwa a kan jirgin karkashin kasa irin na Christie. Yana da tsari na kusan na yau da kullun: injin mai sanyaya ruwa Nuffield-Liberty yana cikin bayan kwandon, rukunin fada yana tsakiyar sashinsa, kuma sashin kulawa yana gaba. Wasu sabawa daga tsarin na gargajiya shi ne turret-bindigo, wanda aka ɗora akan gyare-gyare na farko a gaba, zuwa dama na direba. Babban makamai na tanki - 40-mm cannon da 7,92-mm bindiga coaxial tare da shi - an shigar a cikin madauwari juyi turret, wanda yana da manyan kusurwoyi na karkata na sulke sulke har zuwa 52 mm kauri. An gudanar da jujjuyawar hasumiya ta amfani da injin injin ruwa ko injin injin. Rumbun tsarin firam ɗin yana da sulke na gaba 52 mm lokacin farin ciki da sulke na gefe 45 mm kauri. Don kare ƙarƙashin abin hawa, an ɗora alluna masu sulke. Kamar dukkan jiragen ruwa na Burtaniya, tankin Crusader yana da tashar rediyo da intercom na tanki. An samar da 'yan Salibiyya a cikin gyare-gyare guda uku a jere. An samar da gyare-gyare na ƙarshe na Crusader III har zuwa Mayu 1942 kuma yana dauke da bindigogi 57 mm. A cikin duka, an samar da kimanin 4300 'yan Salibiyya da 1373 na yaki da kuma motocin taimako bisa su (maganganun jiragen sama masu sarrafa kansu, motocin gyarawa da dawo da su, da dai sauransu). A cikin 1942-1943. sun kasance daidaitattun makamai na brigades masu sulke.
