Wadanne matsaloli injinan dizal ne na yau da kullun na layin dogo? [management]

Yawancin lokaci a cikin kasidu game da injunan diesel na Rail Common, ana amfani da kalmar "masu lahani na yau da kullun". Menene wannan ke nufi kuma menene ya kunsa? Menene ya kamata in kula yayin siyan kowane injin dizal na dogo na gama gari? 

A farkon, sosai a taƙaice game da zane na Common Rail man fetur tsarin. Diesel na gargajiya yana da famfunan mai guda biyu - ƙananan matsa lamba da abin da ake kira. allura, i.e. babban matsin lamba. A cikin injunan TDI (PD) kawai aka maye gurbin fam ɗin allura da abin da ake kira. injector famfo. Koyaya, Common Rail wani abu ne gaba ɗaya daban, mafi sauƙi. Akwai kawai wani babban matsi famfo, wanda ya tara man da aka tsotse daga tanki zuwa cikin man fetur line / rarraba dogo (Common Rail), daga inda ya shiga cikin injectors. Tun da waɗannan injectors suna da ɗawainiya ɗaya kawai - don buɗewa a wani lokaci kuma na ɗan lokaci, suna da sauƙi sosai (a zahiri, saboda a aikace suna da inganci sosai), don haka suna aiki daidai da sauri, wanda ke sa injunan Diesel na Rail ɗin ya zama sosai. na tattalin arziki.

Menene zai iya yin kuskure da injin dizal na gama gari?

Tankin mai - riga a cikin dogon lokaci dizal injuna tare da babban nisan nisan (yawanci mai mai) akwai da yawa gurbatawa a cikin tanki da za su iya shiga cikin allura famfo da nozzles, kuma game da shi kashe su. Lokacin da famfon mai ya rushe, sawdust ya kasance a cikin tsarin, wanda ke aiki kamar ƙazanta, amma ya fi lalacewa. Wani lokaci kuma ana cire na'urar sanyaya mai (gyara mai arha) saboda yana zubowa.

Tace mai - ba daidai ba zaɓaɓɓen, gurɓatacce ko rashin inganci wanda zai iya haifar da matsala tare da farawa, da kuma raguwar matsa lamba "marasa kyau" a cikin tashar man fetur, yana haifar da injin da ke shiga yanayin gaggawa.

Famfon mai (matsi mai ƙarfi) - sau da yawa kawai ya ƙare, an yi amfani da kayan da ba su da kyau a farkon injunan Rail Common saboda rashin ƙwarewar masana'antun. Rashin gazawar famfo da wuri bayan maye zai iya kasancewa saboda kasancewar datti a cikin tsarin mai.

Nozzles - su ne na'urorin da suka fi dacewa a cikin tsarin Rail Common kuma sabili da haka sun fi dacewa da lalacewa, alal misali, sakamakon amfani da ƙananan man fetur ko gurbatawa a cikin tsarin. Tsarin layin dogo na farko na gama gari an sanye su da ƙarin abin dogaro, amma mai sauƙi da arha don sake haifar da injectors na lantarki. Sabbin, piezoelectric sun fi daidai, mafi ɗorewa, ƙarancin haɗari, amma sun fi tsada don sake haɓakawa, kuma wannan ba koyaushe zai yiwu ba.

allura dogo - Sabanin bayyanar, yana iya haifar da matsaloli, ko da yake yana da wuya a kira shi matakin zartarwa. Tare da na'urar firikwensin matsa lamba da bawul, yana aiki kamar ajiya. Abin takaici, a cikin yanayin, alal misali, famfo mai cike da ruwa, datti kuma yana tarawa kuma yana da haɗari sosai cewa yana da kyau a gaban ƙananan nozzles. Don haka, idan aka sami matsala, dole ne a maye gurbin layin dogo da allura da sababbi. Idan wasu matsalolin sun faru, kawai maye gurbin firikwensin ko bawul yana taimakawa.

sha flaps - Yawancin injunan diesel na Rail na yau da kullun an sanye su da abin da ake kira swirl flaps wanda ke daidaita tsawon tashar jiragen ruwa, wanda yakamata ya inganta konewar cakudewar dangane da saurin injin da nauyi. Maimakon haka, a yawancin waɗannan na'urori ana samun matsala na gurɓatar da dampers na carbon, toshe su, kuma a cikin wasu injuna kuma yana karyewa ya shiga wurin da ake amfani da shi a gaban valves. A wasu lokuta, irin su Fiat 1.9 JTD ko BMW 2.0di 3.0d raka'a, wannan ya ƙare a cikin lalata injin.

Turbocharger - wannan ba shakka yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka wajaba, kodayake ba shi da alaƙa da tsarin Rail Common. Duk da haka, babu wani injin dizal tare da CR ba tare da caja mai girma ba, don haka turbocharger da kasawarsa ma sun kasance classic idan muka yi magana game da irin waɗannan injunan diesel.

Karaka - Cajin mai sanyaya iska a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin haɓakawa galibi yana haifar da matsalolin ɗigogi. A cikin yanayin rashin gazawar turbocharger, ana bada shawara don maye gurbin intercooler tare da sabon, kodayake mutane kaɗan ne ke yin wannan.

Dabarun taro biyu - Ƙananan injunan diesel na Rail na gama-gari kawai suna da kama ba tare da dabaran mai-girma biyu ba. Mafi rinjaye suna da maganin da ke haifar da matsaloli lokaci-lokaci kamar girgiza ko hayaniya.

Tsarin tsaftacewar iskar gas - Diesel na Rail na gama gari kawai ana amfani da bawuloli na EGR. Daga nan sai man dizal ya zo da tacewa DPF ko FAP, kuma a ƙarshe, don bin ƙa'idar fitar da hayaƙin Yuro 6, da NOx catalysts, i.e. Tsarin SCR. Kowannen su yana kokawa tare da toshe abubuwan da ya kamata a tsabtace masu fitar da iskar gas, da kuma gudanar da ayyukan tsaftacewa. Dangane da matatar DPF, hakan na iya haifar da dilution da yawa na man injin da man fetur, kuma a ƙarshe ya lalata sashin wutar lantarki.