Yadda ake lissafin iko

Ƙarfin doki yana nuna aikin da aka yi a kan lokaci. Madaidaicin ƙimar ƙarfin doki ɗaya shine fam 33,000 kowace ƙafa a minti daya. A wasu kalmomi, idan ko ta yaya za ku iya ɗaukar nauyin 33,000,XNUMX fam ɗaya ƙafa ɗaya a cikin lokaci ɗaya, za ku yi aiki a gudun ƙarfin doki ɗaya. A cikin wannan yanayin, da kun gaji na ɗan lokaci na ƙarfin rayuwa na doki ɗaya.

Bambanci tsakanin iko da karfin juyi na motoci

Doki

Ana sanin ƙarfin doki da sauri kuma ana auna shi a babban juyi a minti daya (RPM). Ƙarfi shine abin da ke tilasta masu kera abin hawa don tantance iyakar aikin tachometer kuma yana ƙayyade nau'in taya da dakatarwa da za a yi amfani da su akan motocin. Ƙarfin doki yana ƙayyadad da iyaka kan yadda sauri injin ke iya motsa abin hawa yayin zagayowar tuƙi.

Torque

An san Torque da ƙarfi kuma ana auna shi ƙasa (grunt) kuma an ƙaddara shi a ƙananan juyi a minti daya (RPM). Torque shine abin da ke sa abin hawa ya tashi daga hutawa zuwa cikakken motsi. Masu kera suna tantance nau'in bambance-bambance da watsawa don amfani da su bisa karfin juyi. Ƙarfin doki kawai zai hanzarta watsawa; duk da haka, karfin juyi shine abin da ke haifar da gears don yin hulɗa da karfi mai yawa.

Kashi na 1 na 4: Auna ƙarfin injin mota

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don kammala aikin

• alkalami da takarda
• Littafin abin hawa

Mataki 1: Samo ƙimar karfin abin hawa. Kuna iya duba shi a cikin fihirisar jagorar mai amfani kuma littafin zai gaya muku ƙimar ƙarfin ƙarfi.

Mataki na 2: Duba saurin injin a cikin littafin jagorar mai shi.

Mataki na 3: Ƙimar ƙimar ƙarfi ta hanyar ƙimar saurin motar. Za ku yi amfani da dabarar (RPM x T) / 5252 = HP inda RPM ke saurin injin, T shine karfin wuta, kuma 5,252 shine radians a sakan daya.

• Alal misali:: 2010 Chevrolet Camaro 5.7-lita yana samar da 528 ft-lbs na karfin juyi a 2650 rpm. Da farko za ku lissafta 2650 x 528. Za ku sami 1,399,200 1,399,200 5252. Dauki 266 ku raba ta XNUMX za ​​ku sami ƙarfin doki. Za ku sami ƙarfin doki XNUMX.

Idan ba ku da littafin jagora kuma kuna son sanin ƙarfin injin, kuna iya bincika injin ɗin da ke cikin motar. Kuna iya duba injin ɗin ku tantance adadin silinda da injin ɗin ke da shi daga adadin injectors da matosai.

Sannan duba irin injin da aka sanya akan motar. Kalli farantin dake jikin kofar, alamar dake jikin bangon kofar direban. Wannan farantin zai nuna shekarar da aka yi na mota, halayen kaya da girman injin. Idan baku da farantin kofa, duba lambar tantance abin hawa. Ɗauki lambar kuma karya VIN. Da zarar kun sami raunin VIN, za ku san girman injin ɗin.

Ɗauki girman injin kuma ninka shi da adadin silinda. Daga nan sai a dauki wannan lambar a ninka ta da adadin silinda da aka raba da girman sannan a ninka da 3 don daidaitattun injuna ko 4 don injin kunshin torque. Sannan ninka amsar ta pi. Wannan zai ba ku karfin injin.

• Alal misali::
  
  

5.7 x 8 = 45.6, 8/5.7 = 0.7125, (0.7125 x 3 = 2.1375 ko 0.7125 x 4 = 2.85), 45.6 x 2.1375 x 3.14 = 306 ko 45.6 x 2.85

Torque shine 306 don daidaitattun injuna da 408 tare da kunshin karfin juyi. Don ƙayyade ƙarfin, ɗauki motar kuma ƙayyade ƙimar rpm.

Atomatik watsa

• A rigakafi: Kafin dubawa, tabbatar da birki yana aiki. Motar za ta kasance a cikin cikakkiyar yanayin hanzari kuma kuskuren birki zai sa motar ta motsa.

Mataki 1: Saita birki na ajiye motoci kuma fara injin. Aiwatar da birkin sabis ɗin gabaɗaya. Matsar da ledar motsi zuwa matsayin "drive" kuma danna fedar gas na kimanin daƙiƙa 3-5 a buɗaɗɗen maƙura.

Mataki 2: A cikakken maƙura, kalli firikwensin RPM. Yi rikodin karatun ma'aunin matsa lamba. Alal misali, ma'auni na iya nuna 2500 rpm. Wannan ita ce matsakaicin ƙimar da mai jujjuyawa zai iya samarwa a cikakkiyar juzu'in injin.

Canja littafi

Mataki 1: Ɗauki motar don gwajin gwaji. Lokacin canjawa, kar a yi amfani da kama, amma ƙara saurin injin har sai lebar kaya ta shiga.

**Mataki na 2: Lokacin da lever motsi ya koma cikin kaya, saka idanu firikwensin RPM kuma yi rikodin karatun.

Da zarar kana da RPM da ake nufi don gwajin rumbun ko gwajin zamewa, ɗauki RPM da x don juzu'i, sannan raba ta 5252 kuma za ka sami ƙarfin doki.

• Alal misali::
  
  

Gudun tsayawa 3350 rpm x 306 Daidaitaccen injin injin = 1,025,100 5252 195/3350 = 408. Don injin tare da kunshin juzu'i: Gudun tsayawa 1 rpm x 366 = 800 5252, 260/XNUMX = XNUMX

Saboda haka, injin zai iya samun ikon 195 hp. don daidaitaccen kayan inji (zurfin rami 3) ko 260 hp don kayan aiki mai ƙarfi (zurfin rami 4).

Sashe na 2 na 4: Auna ƙarfin injin akan tsayawar mota

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don kammala aikin

• Breaker 1/2 drive
• Zurfin micrometer ko caliper
• Na ciki micrometer
• Saitin micrometer
• alkalami da takarda
• SAE/Metric soket kafa 1/2 drive
• Telescopic firikwensin

Idan kana da injina akan tsayawar injin kuma kuna son sanin yawan ƙarfin dawakin da zai iya samarwa, kuna buƙatar bi waɗannan matakan:

Mataki na 1: Cire nau'in abin sha da kawunan silinda. Tabbatar kana da kwanon rufi idan mai sanyaya ko mai ya zubo daga ƙarƙashin injin.

Mataki 2: Sami micrometer na ciki ko ma'aunin telescopic. Auna diamita na Silinda a kusa da saman, kusa da maigidan zobe.

• Tsanaki: Wurin zobe shine inda piston ya tsaya kuma ya samar da ginshiƙi sama da fistan yayin da piston ɗin ke yin zobe a cikin busa.

Mataki 3: Bayan auna ramin, ɗauki saitin micrometers kuma nemo micrometer wanda zai dace da girman kayan aikin da ake amfani da shi. Auna kayan aiki ko karanta micrometer na ciki don gano girman ramin. Karanta micrometer kuma yi rikodin ma'aunin. Alal misali, duba guntu a kan 5.7 lita Chevrolet block zai karanta game da 3.506 a kan micrometer.

Mataki na 4: Ɗauki micrometer mai zurfi ko caliper kuma duba tazarar piston a saman da kasan ramin. Kuna buƙatar auna fistan a matattu cibiyar (BDC) da kuma sake a saman matattu cibiyar (TDC). Karanta karatun zurfin ma'aunin kuma yi rikodin ma'auni. Rage ma'auni biyu don samun tazara tsakanin su.

Yanzu da kuna da ma'auni, kuna buƙatar fito da wata dabara don tantance adadin ƙarfin dawakin da injin zai samar.

Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da dabara mai zuwa:

Girman Silinda ya ninka zurfin silinda ya ninka adadin silinda sau da yawa ginshiƙi kek.

• Alal misali::
  
  

3.506 x 3 x 8 x 3.14 = 264.21

Wannan misalin ya dogara ne akan injin Chevrolet mai nauyin 5.7L mai nauyin 3.506, zurfin inci 3, jimillar silinda 8, kuma an ninka ta (3.14), yana ba da 264 hp.

Yanzu, yayin da bugun piston ɗin ya fi tsayi a cikin injin, ƙarfin ƙarfin injin ɗin yana da ƙarfi, haka kuma yana ƙara ƙarfin dawakai. Tare da dogayen sanduna masu haɗawa, injin zai jujjuya ƙugiya cikin sauri, yana haifar da ingin yin birgima cikin sauri. Tare da gajerun sanduna masu haɗawa, injin ɗin zai juya crankshaft daga mafi matsakaici zuwa hankali, yana haifar da injin don yin birgima na dogon lokaci.

Kashi na 3 na 4: Auna Wutar Motocin Lantarki don Motocin Lantarki

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don kammala aikin

• alkalami da takarda
• Littafin abin hawa

Mataki 1: Nemo jagorar mai abin hawan ku. Je zuwa maƙasudin kuma nemo halayen injin ɗin lantarki. Idan ba ku da littafin koyarwa, to, nemo farantin suna a kan injin lantarki kuma ku rubuta halaye.

Mataki na 2: Rubuta amplifiers da aka yi amfani da su, ƙarfin lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi da ingantaccen ingantaccen aiki. Sannan yi amfani da dabarar ((V * I * Eff)/746=HP) domin tantance karfin doki. V = ƙarfin lantarki, I = halin yanzu ko na yanzu, da Eff = inganci.

• Alal misali::
  
  

300 x 1000 x 0.80 = 240,000 746 / 321.715 = XNUMX

Motar lantarki za ta samar da kusan dawakai 322 ci gaba. Injin dizal da man fetur ba sa ci gaba kuma suna buƙatar saurin gudu.

Sashe na 4 na 4: Idan kuna buƙatar taimako

Idan kuna buƙatar taimako don tantance ƙayyadaddun injin abin hawan ku ko kuna buƙatar taimako don ƙididdige ƙarfin dokin ku, ya kamata ku nemi taimako daga ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun injiniyoyinmu wanda zai iya taimaka muku da abin hawan ku. .