Caja don kayan aikin wutar lantarki mara igiyar waya suna aiki ta amfani da wutar lantarki daga gidan waya da kuma cajin baturi da aka saki.
An tattauna kimiyyar batura masu caji da yadda caja zasu iya cajin baturi akan shafin Ta yaya baturin kayan aikin wuta mara igiya ke aiki? Anan zamu kalli yadda caja ke samar da cikakken caji mai inganci da kuma hana lalacewar baturi.
Mafi kyawun caja suna amfani da abin da ake kira cajin mataki uku ko cajin matakai da yawa. Cajin baturi na tushen nickel da lithium suna amfani da tsarin matakai uku, kodayake suna aiki da ɗan bambanta.
Cajin mataki na 3
Matakan guda uku ana kiransu da “girma” da “shanyewa” da kuma “mai iyo”. Wasu caja suna amfani da tsarin matakai biyu tare da girma da matakan iyo kawai; waɗannan caja suna da sauri amma ba sa kula da baturin sosai.
Yayin lokacin cikawa, ana cajin baturin zuwa kusan iya aiki 80%. Wutar lantarki ta kasance a matakin ɗaya, amma ƙarfin lantarki (matsin wutar lantarki) da caja ke bayarwa yana ƙaruwa.
Matakin sha shine lokacin da aka riƙe ƙarfin lantarki a matakin ɗaya kuma na yanzu yana raguwa a hankali har sai batirin ya cika. Ana kuma san shi da "cajin sama" saboda yana sake cajin baturi na ƙarshe. Wannan yana ɗaukar tsayi da yawa fiye da babban matakin saboda dole ne ya kasance a hankali don hana lalacewar baturi.
Matakin iyo na caja baturi na NiCd da NiMH, wanda kuma aka sani da "drip charge", shine lokacin da aka rage ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu zuwa ƙaramin matakin. Wannan yana kiyaye batirin cikakken caji har sai an buƙata.
Batura NiMH suna buƙatar caji mai ci gaba da ƙasa fiye da batir NiCd, wanda ke nufin ba za a iya caji su a takamaiman cajar NiCd ba. Koyaya, ana iya cajin batir nickel-cadmium a cikin cajar baturin nickel-metal hydride, kodayake wannan bai dace ba.
Matsayin iyo na caja lithium-ion ba ci gaba da yin caji ba ne. Madadin haka, cajin bugun jini yana kiyaye cajin baturin don magance fitar da kai. Yin caji na iya wuce cajin baturin lithium kuma ya lalata shi.
Cikakken gano baturi
Caja masu arha suna ƙayyade lokacin da ake cajin baturin nickel-cadmium ta hanyar lura da zafin baturin. Wannan bai isa ba kuma yana iya lalata baturin akan lokaci.
Ƙarin caja na NiCd masu ci gaba suna amfani da fasahar Negative Delta V (NDV), wanda ke gano raguwar ƙarfin lantarki da ke faruwa lokacin da baturi ya cika. Ya fi abin dogaro.
Dole ne cajar batirin NiMH ta yi amfani da haɗin na'urori masu auna firikwensin don tantance lokacin da baturi ya cika cikakke saboda raguwar ƙarfin lantarki bai isa a gano daidai ba.
Cajin baturi na Lithium-ion suna da guntu mafi nagartaccen guntu na kwamfuta wanda ke lura da canje-canjen tantanin halitta. Batirin lithium-ion sun fi rauni kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin ingantattun hanyoyin ganowa don kariya daga lalacewa.
