Yadda ake bincika fitarwa na amplifier tare da multimeter
Abubuwa
Mota amplifiers na taimaka inganta sauraron sauraron ku, musamman idan ya zo ga kiɗa daga motar ku ko tsarin sitiriyo na gida.
Ta hanyar amfani da transistor, suna haɓaka siginar sauti daga hanyoyin shigar da su, don haka ana sake yin su daidai akan manyan lasifika.
Tabbas, lokacin da aka sami matsala tare da amplifier, tsarin sauti na motar yana shan wahala.
Hanya ɗaya don yin ganewar asali ita ce bincika idan amplifier yana samar da abubuwan da suka dace, amma ba kowa ya san yadda ake yin wannan ba.
A cikin wannan jagorar, zaku koyi yadda ake gwada fitarwa na amplifier tare da multimeter.
Mu fara.
Duba Tushen Shigarwa
Mataki na farko da kake son ɗauka shine duba cewa siginar da ya dace ko ikon yana fitowa daga hanyoyin shigarwa.
Ana amfani da amplifier da wayoyi biyu masu zuwa daga wasu sassan motar.
Waɗannan sun haɗa da waya ɗaya da ke fitowa daga baturin 12V da wata waya da ke fitowa daga ƙasan chassis na abin hawa.
Idan ba a samar da adadin ƙarfin da ya dace ba, kuna tsammanin amplifier ɗin yana aiki mara kyau.
- Nemo amplifier ku da shigar da tushen wutar lantarki
Ana samun amplifier yawanci a ƙarƙashin dashboard, a cikin akwati na mota, ko bayan ɗaya daga cikin kujerun mota.
Za ku kuma gano wace kebul ɗin ke ciyar da amplifier. Kuna iya komawa zuwa littafin mai shi don motarku ko amplifier.
- Kunna wutar motar
Kuna buƙatar waya ta yi zafi don samun karatu daga gare ta. Kunna wutar motar don farawa ba tare da kunna injin ba. Ya isa.
- Ɗauki karatu daga wayoyi masu shigarwa
Saita multimeter zuwa wutar lantarki na DC kuma sanya jagorar gwajin akan wayoyi masu shigarwa da aka nuna.
Sanya jagorar gwajin ja (tabbatacce) akan ingantaccen waya kuma sanya gubar baƙar fata (mara kyau) na multimeter akan wayar ƙasa.
Kyakkyawan wutar lantarki zai ba ku karatu tsakanin 11V da 14V.
Gwajin girma
Ƙarin gwaji da za ku iya yi na iya ba ku ƙarin bayani game da PSU ɗin ku.
Yayin da jagororin multimeter har yanzu suna haɗe da wayoyi masu shigarwa, ƙara ƙarar a cikin motar.
Idan baku sami karuwar karatun ƙarfin lantarki ba, to akwai matsala tare da tushen shigarwa kuma kuna ƙara ƙarin bincike game da shi.
Gwajin fuse
Matsala ɗaya tare da munanan samar da wutar lantarki na iya zama fuse amplifier lalacewa.
Don gwada wannan, kawai ku nemo fis ɗin ƙarfin amplifier ɗin ku, saita multimeter ɗin ku zuwa juriya, da sanya jagorar gwaji akan duka ƙarshen fis ɗin.
Idan amplifier yana nuna ƙima mara kyau, fis ɗin ba shi da kyau kuma yana buƙatar maye gurbinsa.
Hakanan zaka iya duba jagorarmu don bincika fiusi ba tare da multimeter ba.
Bugu da kari, wasu amplifiers kuma suna da yanayin aminci.
Idan naku yana sanye da wannan aikin kuma ya shiga cikin yanayin aminci lokacin da kuka kunna shi, to wutar lantarki ta lalace.
Halin daya da za'a iya kunna yanayin aminci shine idan an ɗora amplifier akan ko taɓa saman mai ɗaukuwa.
Yadda ake bincika fitarwa na amplifier tare da multimeter
Saka CD a 50 Hz ko 1 kHz a 0 dB cikin akwatin tushe, saita multimeter zuwa ƙarfin AC tsakanin 10 da 100 VAC, kuma sanya jagororin multimeter a kan tashoshin fitarwa na amplifier. Ana sa ran ingantaccen amplifier zai ba da karatun ƙarfin lantarki wanda ya dace da ƙarfin fitarwa da aka ba da shawarar daidai.
Za mu kara yin bayani.
- Kashe masu magana
Mataki na farko shine cire haɗin wayar lasifikar daga tashoshin fitarwa na amplifier.
Waɗannan su ne tashoshi da kuke son gwadawa, don haka cire haɗin wayoyin lasifikar yana da mahimmanci.
Bugu da kari, kuna kuma son kashe ko kashe duk wani giciye na lantarki da aka haɗa da tashoshi na fitarwa na amplifier.
Ana yin haka ne don kada a sami tsangwama a cikin gwaje-gwajen.
- Saita multimeter zuwa wutar lantarki AC
Kodayake amplifier ɗin mota yana da ƙarfin ƙarfin wutar lantarki ta DC, amplifier yana canza ƙaramin ƙarfin halin yanzu/ƙananan wutar lantarki zuwa ƙaramar siginar fitarwa.
Yana canzawa, don haka sai ku saita multimeter ɗin ku zuwa ƙarfin AC don gwada abubuwan da aka fitar. Yawan wutar lantarki AC ana yiwa lakabi da "VAC" akan multimeter.
Hakanan zaka iya saita shi a cikin kewayon 10-100VAC don tabbatar da cewa multimeter yana ba da sakamako daidai.
- Sanya jagororin multimeter a kan tashoshin fitarwa na amplifier
Bayan an kammala matakan biyun da suka gabata, kawai ku sanya jagororin multimeter a kan tashoshin fitarwa na amplifier.
Waɗannan su ne abubuwan da kuka cire haɗin wayoyin lasifikar.
Sanya jagorar gwaji mai kyau a kan ingantaccen fitarwa na amplifier da madaidaicin jagorar gwaji akan madaidaicin fitarwa.
Idan amplifier ɗin yana shunted ko yana aiki a cikin mono, kawai haɗa tabbataccen jagora da mara kyau zuwa tashoshin fitarwa na shunt.
- Aiwatar da mitar gwaji
Hanya mafi sauƙi don amfani da mitar don gwada siginar fitarwa ita ce kunna sautin gwaji.
Kuna saka CD ko kunna sauti kawai daga kowace tushen shigar da kuke da shi.
Koyaya, abu mafi mahimmanci shine yakamata wannan waƙar ta yi sauti a daidai mitar lasifikan da kuke amfani da su.
Don subwoofers, kuna son kunna waƙar 50 Hz a "0 dB", kuma don tsakiyar ko manyan amplifiers, kuna buƙatar kunna waƙar 1 kHz a "0 dB".
A madadin, zaku iya amfani da janareta na sigina.
Kuna cire haɗin duk na'urorin shigarwa da fitarwa daga amplifier, haɗa janareta na sigina zuwa tashoshi na shigarwa tare da igiyoyin RCA, kuma sanya jagorar multimeter akan tashoshin fitarwa na amplifier.
Tare da kunna siginar siginar, kuna daidaita mitar zuwa matakin da ya dace don lasifikar ku.
Hakanan, kuna son 50Hz don subwoofers, ko 1kHz don matsakaicin matsakaici da amplifiers.
- Rage sakamakon
Wannan shi ne inda yake samun wahala.
Bayan kun yi amfani da mitar gwajin ku kuma kuyi rikodin karatun multimeter ɗin ku, kuna buƙatar yin wasu ƙididdiga.
Amplifiers ana sa ran samar da shawarar fitarwa ikon a cikin kewayon 50 zuwa 200 watts, kuma wannan yawanci ana bayyana a cikin manual ko a kan ƙarawa harka.
Kuna canza ƙarfin lantarki zuwa watts kuma kuyi kwatancen.
Formula don ƙididdige watts
E²/R inda E shine ƙarfin lantarki kuma R shine juriya.
Kuna iya samun shawarar juriya akan harka ko a cikin jagorar amplifier na ku.
Alal misali, dubi yanayin da kake amfani da 8 ohm subwoofers kuma kuna samun ƙarfin lantarki na 26. A cikin subwoofer, 8 ohms shine nauyin layi na 4 ohm resistors akan amplifier.
Watt \u26d (26 × 4) / 169, \uXNUMXd XNUMX watts.
Idan ma'aunin wutar lantarki bai yi daidai da ƙarfin fitarwa da aka ba da shawarar ba, to amplifier ɗin yana da lahani kuma dole ne a bincika ko maye gurbinsa.
ƙarshe
Duba fitarwa na amplifier tare da multimeter yana da sauƙi. Kuna auna ƙarfin wutar lantarki na AC da aka samar a tashoshi na fitarwa kuma ku kwatanta shi da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙararrawa.
Hanya ɗaya don gyara ƙarancin fitowar amplifier shine daidaita ribar da aka samu, kuma zaku iya duba labarin mu akan daidaitawa da gwada ribar amplifier tare da multimeter.
Tambayoyi akai-akai
Yadda za a duba amplifier don aiki?
Binciken sauri shine don tabbatar da ingancin sautin yana da kyau. Hakanan, idan ikon shigarwa ko tushen sauti mara kyau, zaku sami matsala koda amplifier yana aiki daidai. Gwada waɗannan kafofin.
Menene ƙarfin fitarwa na amplifier mai jiwuwa?
Wutar lantarki da ake tsammanin fitarwa na amplifier mai jiwuwa yana cikin kewayon 14V zuwa 28V don amplifier 8 ohm. Koyaya, wannan ya dogara da ikon shigarwa da nau'in amplifier da aka yi amfani da shi.
Yadda za a tantance cewa amplifier ya ƙone?
Alamomin amplifier da suka kone sun haɗa da bakon ƙararrawa ko murɗaɗɗen sauti daga lasifikar, kuma lasifikan ba sa fitar da sauti kwata-kwata, ko da lokacin da tsarin sauti ya kunna.
Yaya ake karanta amps tare da mitar matsa?
Sanya waya tsakanin hannun rigar bincike na manne na yanzu, saita iyakar juriya kuma duba karatun. Tabbatar cewa wayar tana aƙalla 2.5 cm nesa da hanun firikwensin kuma auna ɗaya bayan ɗaya.
Yadda za a gwada amplifiers DC tare da multimeter?
Saka baƙar gubar a cikin tashar "COM" da jajayen gubar a cikin tashar "Amp", yawanci ana yiwa lakabi da "10A", dangane da multimeter. Sannan ka saita bugun kira don karanta DC amps.
