Yadda ake gwada Relay tare da Multimeter (Mataki ta Jagoran Mataki)

Relays ɗaya ne daga cikin mahimman abubuwan wutar lantarki a cikin motoci, tsarin sarrafa gida da sauran aikace-aikace inda ake buƙatar sauyawa mai ƙarfi da sauri. Koyaya, kamar na'urorin lantarki, relays suna da lalacewa kuma suna iya yin kasawa a kowane lokaci. Don haka, yana da matuƙar mahimmanci a gwada relays ɗinku akai-akai don tabbatar da yin aiki da kyau.

Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin gwaji daban-daban shine multimeter na dijital. Bari in bi ka ta matakai don fara gwada relay tare da multimeter.

Game da relay

Relay shine na'urar sarrafa wutar lantarki tare da tsarin sarrafawa (input circuit) da tsarin sarrafawa (da'irar fitarwa), waɗanda galibi ana samun su a cikin da'irori. Yana aiki azaman mai sarrafa kewayawa, da'irar aminci da mai canzawa. Relay yana nuna saurin amsawa, aikin barga, rayuwar sabis mai tsawo da ƙananan girman. (1)

Ana amfani da relays yawanci don sarrafa babban da'irar yanzu daga ƙananan da'ira na yanzu. Suna cikin kusan kowace mota. Relays yana aiki azaman masu sauyawa, yana barin ƙananan da'irar amperage don kunna ko kashe babban da'irar amperage. Bugu da kari, gudun ba da sanda kuma na iya sarrafa na'urori da yawa a lokaci guda, kamar kunna fitilolin mota lokacin da abin goge goge ke kunne, ko ƙara eriya lokacin da rediyo ke kunne.

Abin da kuke Bukata Lokacin Gwajin Relay

Gwajin relay ɗin abin hawan ku hanya ce mai sauƙi wacce ba ta buƙatar amfani da cikakkiyar kayan aiki. Don fara gwada relay, kuna buƙatar abubuwa masu zuwa:

Kayan aikin: 

• High impedance gwajin haske
• Na'urar ohmmeter, sau da yawa ana kiranta da multimeter na dijital (DMM).
• Manual Sabis na Mota (na zaɓi amma an bada shawarar sosai)

Sassa gyara:            

• Canjin Relay Mai Kyau
• waya mai tsalle

Matakan Gwajin Relay

Mataki 1: Nemo relay 

Dangane da abin da yake sarrafawa, zaku iya samun gudun ba da sanda a ƙarƙashin dash ko a cikin injin injin. Bincika babin lantarki na littafin jagorar sabis ɗin ku da zane na wayoyi idan ba ku da tabbacin jeri.

Mataki 2: Duba kuma tsaftace masu haɗin

Da zarar ka sami relay, cire shi. Sa'an nan kuma tsaftace kuma duba masu haɗin haɗin yayin da aka kashe wannan relay. Sauya babban gudun ba da sanda tare da mai dacewa shine hanya mafi sauri da sauƙi don gwada shi.

Mataki 3: Sami multimeter

Saita multimeter naku zuwa yanayin auna juriya. Sa'an nan kuma auna juriya ta taɓa lambobin nada. Madaidaicin nada yana da juriya daga 40 ohms zuwa 120 ohms. Mummunan jujjuyawar igiyar solenoid na nuna cewa gudun ba da sanda ba ya da iyaka ko kuma a buɗe kuma lokaci ya yi da za a maye gurbinsa. Sannan kiyaye multimeter a cikin juriya ko yanayin ci gaba. Bayan haka, haɗa lambobi masu canzawa zuwa jagororin. Ya kamata ya nuna a buɗe ko OL idan buɗaɗɗen gudu ne na yau da kullun.

Mataki na 4: Kunna na'urar lantarki 

Tare da baturin 9-12V akan lambobin sadarwa, yi amfani da wutar lantarki zuwa wannan na'urar maganadisu. Lokacin da coil ɗin ya ba da ƙarfi kuma ya rufe maɓallan, relay ɗin ya kamata ya yi latsa mai ji. A kan gudun ba da sanda mai 4-pin, polarity ba shi da mahimmanci, amma akan relays diode yana da mahimmanci.

Mataki 5: Haɗa fitilar gwaji 

Haɗa tabbataccen baturi zuwa ɗaya daga cikin tashoshi masu sauyawa yayin da na'urar tana aiki. Sannan haɗa fitilar gwaji tsakanin ƙasa da tasha. Fitilar sarrafawa yakamata ta cinye wutar lantarki da haske. Sannan cire tabbataccen jumper daga baturin. Fitilar sarrafawa yakamata ta fita bayan yan dakiku.

Mataki na 6: Dubawa Relay Voltage

A wurin sauyawa, duba ƙarfin wutar lantarki na relay. Mummunan wuraren sadarwa na iya haifar da asarar wutar lantarki. Cire hasken gwajin kuma canza multimeter zuwa ƙarfin lantarki na DC. Sannan haɗa wayoyi zuwa masu haɗin fitilar gwaji ko canza lambobi. Ya kamata karatun ya dace da ƙarfin baturi.

Mataki na 7: Duba maɓalli

Bincika madaidaicin juriya a cikin sauyawa. Dole ne a cire haɗin madaidaicin madaidaicin kuma dole ne a sami kuzarin solenoid coil. Sannan auna juriya a cikin lambobi masu canzawa tare da saita multimeter zuwa ohms. Yawanci, buɗaɗɗen gudun ba da sanda ya kamata ya auna kusa da juriya na sifili lokacin kunnawa, yayin da rufaffiyar gudu da aka saba ya kamata a auna buɗewa ko OL lokacin kunnawa.

Tips na Gwajin Relay Pro

Lokacin aiki tare da relays, ana bada shawarar tunawa da waɗannan:

A guji hadawa da daidaitawa 

Lokacin da kake da mummunan gudun ba da sanda wanda ke buƙatar maye gurbin, ba abu ne mai kyau ba don haɗawa da daidaita relays daga wasu abubuwan abin hawa ko kwandon shara a garejin ku. Wannan na iya haifar da ɗan gajeren kewayawa ko ƙara ƙarfin wuta wanda zai lalata tsarin lantarki na motarka. (2)

Riƙe da kulawa

Yana da matukar muhimmanci a yi taka tsantsan kar a sauke relay. Idan abubuwan da ke ciki na relay sun lalace, wayoyi na iya ƙonewa ko narke. Haka kuma a guji tsoma baki tare da aikin relay.

Ka nisanci iskar gas masu ƙonewa 

Kada a yi amfani da relays ko duk wani abu da ke buƙatar wutar lantarki a wuraren da iskar gas mai fashewa ko ƙonewa kamar mai ko sauran mai.

Karanta littattafan gyarawa

Bincika littafin sabis na abin hawan ku (ba littafin mai mallakar ku ba) don ganowa da fahimtar tsarin wayoyi da relay, koda kuwa kun kasance ƙwararren mai gyaran gareji.

Shirya kayan aikin ku 

Shirya duk kayan aikin da ake buƙata a gaba kuma sanya komai a wurinsa. Wannan zai adana ku lokaci mai mahimmanci kuma ya ba ku damar mayar da hankali kan aikin na yanzu ba tare da neman kayan aiki ba yayin aiwatarwa.

Tambayoyi akai-akai 

Nawa ne kudin maye gurbin relay?

Relay na iya kashe ko'ina daga $5 zuwa dala ɗari da yawa, ya danganta da abin da yake sarrafawa. Na gaba akwai ohmeters, wanda farashin ƙasa da $20 kuma ya zo da siffofi da girma dabam dabam. Na biyu, manyan fitilun gwajin gwaji sun ɗan fi tsada, matsakaicin $20 zuwa $40. A ƙarshe, masu tsalle ba su da tsada, daga $2 zuwa $50 dangane da tsawon waya.

Me zai faru idan na yi watsi da wata matsala mai yiwuwa?

Yin watsi da relay da ya gaza ko shigar da duk wani tsohon gudun ba da sanda wanda ya dace zai iya haifar da babbar matsala. Idan relay ɗin ya gaza ko kuma an shigar da shi ba daidai ba, zai iya ƙone wayoyi kuma wataƙila ya kunna wuta.

Ba ni da ohmmeter ko hasken gwaji. Zan iya har yanzu duba gudun ba da sanda?

A'a. Zaɓuɓɓuka biyu kawai kuna da idan kun tabbata matsalar relay ɗinku ce, kuma duka biyun suna buƙatar amfani da na'urar ohmmeter, hasken gwaji, da sauransu. Da farko, yi hankali kuma maye gurbin babban relay tare da kayan aikin da suka dace. Na biyu, idan ba ka da kayan aikin gwada shi, za ka iya hayar makaniki don duba da gyara maka relay ɗin.

Hakanan zaka iya duba wasu jagororin gwaji na multimeter a ƙasa;

• Yadda ake gwada capacitor tare da multimeter
• Yadda ake amfani da multimeter don duba wutar lantarki na wayoyi masu rai
• Yadda ake gwada ƙasa da multimeter

shawarwari

(1) tsarin sarrafawa - https://www.britannica.com/technology/control-system

(2) datti - https://www.learner.org/series/essential-lens-analyzing-photographs-across-the-curriculum/garbage-the-science-and-problem-of-what-we-throw-away /