Yadda ake dumama injin sanyi? Fara sanyi da dumama injin.

Yana da dumi da dadi a gida, amma a waje yana da sanyi, kamar a Rasha. Kamar mu, lokacin da muke buƙatar yin ado kuma mu shirya don magance wannan matsananciyar lokacin sanyi a waje, muna buƙatar shirya - injin kuma yana dumama sosai. Farawar sanyi na injin yana faruwa a cikin hunturu a yanayin zafi da yawa fiye da lokacin rani, don haka yana da matukar mahimmanci don dumama da fitar da motar a cikin 'yan mintuna na farko bayan farawa. Rashin kula da injin sanyi yana ƙara lalacewa sosai kuma yana ƙara haɗarin yin mummunar lahani ga injin da kayan aikin sa.

Tsarin dumama injin yadda yakamata yana da mahimmanci musamman ga masu motoci da ke ajiye mahaifinsu akan titi. Motocin da aka faka a cikin gareji mai zafi ko sanye take da injin da ke ɗauke da kai suna isa zafin zafin aiki da wuri kuma injin su yana da ƙarancin iya sawa ko lalacewa.

Matsalar farawa sanyi da dumi-duminsu abu ne da aka tattauna a tsakanin masu ababen hawa, yayin da a gefe guda, akwai masu goyon bayan ka'idar farawa da motsi, a daya bangaren kuma, ka'idar farawa, jira a minti daya ko biyu (tsaftace tagogi), sannan tafi. To wanne ya fi?

A bit of ka'idar

An sani cewa coolant zafi sama da sauri fiye da injin man fetur. Wannan yana nufin cewa idan allura na ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ya riga ya nuna, alal misali, 60 ° C, zafin injin injin zai iya zama kusan 30 ° C. Hakanan an san cewa mai sanyi yana nufin mai mai yawa. Kuma mai kauri yakan yi muni sosai/hankali a wuraren da ya dace, ma'ana wasu sassan injin sun fi rauni/masu mai (masu lube iri-iri, camshafts, hydraulic valve clearances, ko turbocharger plain bearings). Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci cewa kowane injin yana dauke da man inji mai inganci kawai da shawarar da aka ba shi. Masu kera motoci galibi suna ƙididdige ma'auni na SAE a cikin tsare-tsaren sabis ɗin su na wani ingin kuma ya danganta da yanayin yanayin da abin hawa zai yi aiki. Don haka, za a ba da shawarar mai ɗaya a Finland da ɗayan a kudancin Spain. A matsayin misali na amfani da mafi yawan amfani da SAE mai: SAE 15W-40 dace da amfani daga -20 ° C zuwa + 45 ° C, SAE 10W-40 (-25 ° C zuwa + 35 ° C), SAE 5W -40 (-30°C zuwa +30°C), SAE 5W 30 (-30°C zuwa +25°C), SAE 0W-30 (-50°C zuwa +30°C).

Lokacin fara injin a yanayin yanayin hunturu, ana lura da ƙarin lalacewa idan aka kwatanta da farawa "mai ɗumi", tunda piston (galibi an yi shi da aluminium) a wannan lokacin yana da siffa mai ɗan pear maimakon siffar cylindrical. Silinda kanta, wanda aka yi da galibi na Fe gami, yana da siffa mai ƙarfi sosai dangane da zafin jiki. A lokacin farawar sanyi a kan ƙaramin yanki, gajeriyar rashin daidaituwa na faruwa. Ana samun ingantattun man shafawa, gami da haɓaka ƙirar pistons / cylinders da kansu, suna taimakawa kawar da wannan mummunan yanayin. amfani da ƙarin abubuwa masu ɗorewa.

Dangane da injunan mai, akwai wani mummunan yanayin da ke da alaƙa da wadataccen cakuda mai ƙonewa, wanda ke narkar da fim ɗin mai a bangon silinda har ma da girma, haka kuma saboda narkar da mai da mai, wasu wanda ya halatta. akan bangon abinci mai yawa ko ganuwar Silinda. Koyaya, a cikin injunan zamani tare da matuƙin tuƙi, wannan matsalar tana raguwa, tunda ɓangaren sarrafawa yana rarraba adadin mai a hankali dangane da bayanai daga wasu na'urori masu auna firikwensin, wanda a cikin yanayin injin mai sauƙi yana da wahala ko. game da injin carburetor mai sauƙi, wannan bai yiwu ba. 

Da yawa ka'idar, amma menene aikin?

Dangane da bayanan da ke sama, ana ba da shawarar farawa da barin hanyar. Dalili shi ne, famfon mai yana haifar da matsi mafi girma yayin tuƙi, kuma mai sanyi, wanda yayi kauri kuma yana gudana, bisa ƙa'ida, saboda matsin lamba, yana isa duk wuraren da ake buƙata cikin sauri. A cikin gudu mara aiki, famfon mai yana haifar da matsanancin matsin lamba kuma mai sanyi yana gudana a hankali. A wasu sassan injin injin zai shiga wasu sassan injin ko ƙasa da haka, kuma wannan jinkirin na iya nufin ƙarin lalacewa. Hanyar fara tasha tana da mahimmanci musamman a lokuta da kilomita mafi kusa zata wuce yadda yakamata. Wannan yana nufin kar a yi ƙugi ko ja da baya yayin da injin ya yi sanyi, kuma a tuƙi don nau'in injin a cikin kewayon 1700-2500 rpm. Hanyar farawa da farawa kuma yana da fa'idar ci gaba da dumama sauran abubuwan da aka jaddada kamar watsawa ko rarrabewa. Idan ba da daɗewa ba bayan farawa, wani cikas a cikin hanyar tudun tudun ya bayyana a kan hanya ko kuma idan an kunna tirela mai nauyi a bayan motar, yana da kyau a fara injin, ɗan rage ɓacin hanzari kuma bari injin ya yi aiki don game da 'yan dubun daƙiƙai a kusan 1500-2000 rpm kuma har zuwa yadda zai fara.

Yawancin masu motoci sun tuka abin hawa wanda, yayin tuƙin al'ada, ya fara zafi har kusan kilomita 10-15. Wannan matsalar galibi tana shafar tsofaffin motoci tare da injin dizal na allurar kai tsaye waɗanda ba su da abin da ake kira dumama na lantarki. Dalilin shi ne cewa irin waɗannan injinan suna da tattalin arziƙi, suna da inganci sosai kuma, a sakamakon haka, suna haifar da ƙarancin zafi. Idan muna son irin wannan injin ɗin ya yi ɗumi da sauri, dole ne mu ba shi nauyin da ake buƙata, wanda ke nufin cewa irin wannan injin ɗin yana dumama da sauri kawai yayin tuƙi, kuma ba ya ɓata wuri a cikin filin ajiye motoci.

Adadin dumama ya bambanta sosai da nau'in injin, bi da bi. wane irin mai yake konawa. Duk da ci gaba da yawa da kuma inganta thermal management na dizal injuna, a matsayin general mulkin, man fetur injuna zafi fiye da sauƙi da kuma sauri. Duk da ɗanɗano mafi girma amfani, sun fi dacewa don amfani akai-akai a cikin birni kuma a cikin mafi tsananin sanyi suna farawa da kyau. Injin dizal yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don dumama kuma, ta fuskar aiki, su ma ba su da na'urori daban-daban da aka tsara don kama gurɓataccen iska a cikin iskar gas. A taƙaice, mutum zai iya rubuta cewa yayin da ƙaramin injin mai yana da hankali sosai kuma har yanzu yana dumama bayan kusan kilomita 5 na tuƙi mai santsi, dizal yana buƙatar min. 15-20 km. Ka tuna cewa mafi munin abu ga injin da abubuwan da ke cikinsa (da kuma baturi) ana maimaita sanyi yana farawa lokacin da injin ba shi da lokacin dumi aƙalla. Sabili da haka, idan kun riga kun kashe kuma ku fara injin sanyi / daskararre sau da yawa, ana ba da shawarar ku bar shi tuƙi na akalla kilomita 20.

Takaitaccen bayani a cikin dokoki 5

• idan zai yiwu, fara injin kuma bar shi na 'yan dakikoki
• banza injin kawai lokacin da ya cancanta
• rage murfin mai hanzari cikin sauri, kar a ja baya kuma kada a kunna injin ba dole ba.
• yi amfani da mai mai ƙima wanda masana'anta ke ba da shawarar tare da danko mai dacewa
• bayan kashewa akai -akai da fara injin sanyi / daskararre, yana da kyau a tuƙa aƙalla kilomita 20.