kimiyyar barkwanci

Ma'anar Acid-base sune mahadi waɗanda ke juya launuka daban-daban dangane da pH na matsakaici. Daga abubuwa masu yawa na wannan nau'in, za mu zaɓi nau'i-nau'i wanda zai ba ka damar gudanar da gwajin da ba zai yiwu ba.

Ana ƙirƙirar wasu launuka idan muka haɗa wasu launuka tare. Amma za mu sami shuɗi ta hanyar haɗa ja da ja? Kuma akasin haka: ja daga haɗin blue da blue? Tabbas kowa zai ce a'a. Kowa, amma ba masanin kimiyya ba, wanda wannan aikin ba zai zama matsala ba. Duk abin da kuke buƙata shine acid, tushe, mai nuna jajayen Kongo, da ja da jajayen litmus takarda.. Shirya maganin acidic a cikin beakers (misali ta ƙara ɗan ƙaramin hydrochloric acid HCl zuwa ruwa) da mafita na asali (maganin sodium hydroxide, NaOH).

Bayan ƙara 'yan saukad da na Kongo ja bayani (hoto 1), abinda ke ciki na tasoshin canza launi: acid ya zama blue, alkaline ja (hoto 2). A tsoma takardar litmus mai shuɗi cikin ruwan shuɗi (Pic 3) sannan a cire jar takardan litmus (Hoto 4). Lokacin da aka nutsar da ita cikin maganin ja, takarda litmus ja (hoto 5) tana canza launinta zuwa shuɗi (hoto 6). Don haka, mun tabbatar da cewa masanin kimiyya na iya yin "ba zai yiwu ba" (hoto 7)!

Makullin fahimtar gwajin shine canjin launi na alamomin biyu. Jan Kongo ya juya shuɗi a cikin maganin acidic kuma ja a cikin maganin alkaline. Litmus yana aiki da sauran hanyar: yana da shuɗi a cikin tushe kuma ja a cikin acid.

Nutsar da takarda mai shuɗi (wani adibas ɗin da aka jiƙa a cikin maganin alkaline na litmus; ana amfani da shi don sanin yanayin acidic) a cikin maganin hydrochloric acid yana canza launin takarda zuwa ja. Kuma tun da abin da ke cikin gilashin ya kasance blue (sakamakon ƙara Kongo ja na farko), zamu iya kammala cewa blue + blue = ja! Hakazalika: Jajayen takarda (takarda mai gogewa da aka yi da maganin acidic na litmus; ana amfani da ita don gano yanayin yanayin alkaline) a cikin maganin caustic soda ya zama shuɗi. Idan a baya kun ƙara bayani na jan Kongo zuwa gilashin, zaku iya rikodin tasirin gwajin: ja + ja = shuɗi.