Halayen walƙiya kerosene KO-25
Aikace-aikacen
Fassarar nadi na man fetur da ake tambaya ne quite sauki: lighting kerosene, tare da iyakar harshen wuta 25 mm. Af, tsayin harshen wuta yana nuna mahimmancin dacewa da kerosenes mai haske don wasu dalilai. Don haka, ana samar da maki da aka samu daga ɓangarorin mai mai haske daidai da buƙatun fasaha na GOST 11128-65, kuma daga waɗanda suka fi nauyi - GOST 92-50. A cikin yanayin ƙarshe, ana kiran kananzir pyronaphth; yana da mafi girman maki (daga 3500C) kuma yana daskarewa a isasshe ƙananan yanayin zafi. Ana amfani da Pyronaft azaman tushen haske na musamman a cikin ayyukan karkashin kasa - ma'adinai, ramukan rami, da sauransu.
A yayin da ake bude kone-kone, ana fitar da sinadarai daban-daban wadanda ke yin illa ga lafiyar dan Adam. Don haka, tare da raguwar tsayin fitilar, haɗarin muhalli na kananzir yana raguwa. Duk da rashin bayanan kimiyya, an tabbatar da cewa manyan abubuwan da ake amfani da su a lokacin konewar kananzir sune mafi ƙarancin barbashi na barbashi, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), da sulfur dioxide (SO)2). Bincike kan kananzir da ake amfani da shi wajen dafa abinci ko hasken wuta ya nuna cewa fitar da hayaki zai iya yin illa ga aikin huhu da kuma ƙara haɗarin cututtuka masu yaduwa (ciki har da tarin fuka), fuka, da kuma ciwon daji. Sabili da haka, rashin daidaituwa na muhalli na maki kerosene mai haske a halin yanzu an ƙaddara ta hanyar jerin masu zuwa: KO-30 → KO-25 → KO-20.
A wasu lokuta, ana amfani da wutar lantarki KO-25 azaman mai, tare da maye gurbin samfuran TS-1 ko KT-2, musamman tunda ya ƙunshi ƙaramin adadin hydrocarbons mafi girma a cikin abun da ke ciki kuma yana fitar da ƙarancin sinadarai a lokacin konewa. Duk da haka, calorific darajar kerosene KO-25 ne low, wanda korau rinjayar da amfani da irin wannan man fetur.
Kayan Kasuwancin
Kerosenes mai walƙiya da aka samar daga ɓangarorin mai mai ɗauke da sulfur suna da alamun ƙididdiga masu zuwa:
| Alamar | ƙimar ƙima | |||
| KO-20 | KO-22 | KO-25 | KO-30 | |
| Yawan yawa, t/m3 | 0,830 | 0,805 | 0,795 | 0,790 |
| Zazzabi na farkon evaporation, 0С | 270 | 280 | 290 | 290 |
| wurin tafasa, 0С | 180 | 200 | 220 | 240 |
| filashi, 0С | 60 | 45 | 40 | 40 |
Duk nau'ikan kerosene na walƙiya sun ƙunshi ƙarin adadin sulfur (daga 0,55 zuwa 0,66%).
Da halaye na lighting kananzir KO-25 an dauke mafi kyau duka don amfani da kerosene murhu ko heaters na daban-daban iri. Misali, a cikin tanda wick dangane da canjin mai na capillary, kuma mafi inganci kuma mafi zafi tanda tare da bututun jet na tururi wanda ke sarrafa mai ta hanyar yin famfo ko dumama.
Kerosene KO-20
Siffofin aiki na matakin KO-20 na kananzir sune cewa, don rage yawan adadin sulfur, samfurin da aka gama da shi kuma yana ƙarƙashin kulawar ruwa. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da wannan alamar don wankewa da tsaftacewa na samfurori na karfe, da kuma gyaran fuska kafin priming, zane-zane, da dai sauransu. Saboda ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, KO-20 za a iya amfani dashi don tsarma fenti mai narkewa.
Kerosene KO-30
Tunda hasken wuta KO-30 yana da mafi girman tsayin harshen wuta da madaidaicin walƙiya yayin konewa, ana amfani da wannan samfurin mai azaman ruwa mai aiki don masu yankan kananzir. Yawan KO-30 shine mafi girman duk nau'ikan kerosene mai haske, don haka ana amfani dashi don dalilai na adana samfuran ƙarfe na ɗan lokaci.
