Photonic lu'ulu'u

Lu'ulu'u na photonic abu ne na zamani wanda ya ƙunshi madadin sel na farko tare da fihirisa mai girma da ƙaranci da girma mai kama da tsayin haske daga kewayon da aka bayar. Ana amfani da lu'ulu'u na phonic a cikin optoelectronics. An ɗauka cewa yin amfani da kristal photonic zai ba da izini, alal misali. don sarrafa yaduwar igiyar haske kuma zai haifar da dama don ƙirƙirar hanyoyin haɗin kai na photonic da tsarin gani, da kuma hanyoyin sadarwar sadarwa tare da babban bandwidth (na tsari na Pbps).

Tasirin wannan abu akan hanyar haske yayi kama da tasirin grating akan motsi na electrons a cikin crystal semiconductor. Saboda haka sunan "photonic crystal". Tsarin lu'ulu'u na photonic yana hana yaduwar raƙuman haske a cikin sa a cikin kewayon tsayin raƙuman ruwa. Sai abin da ake kira photon gap. An ƙirƙiri manufar ƙirƙirar lu'ulu'u na photonic lokaci guda a cikin 1987 a cikin cibiyoyin bincike guda biyu na Amurka.

Eli Jablonovich na Binciken Sadarwar Sadarwar Bell a New Jersey ya yi aiki akan kayan don transistor photonic. A lokacin ne ya kirkiro kalmar "Bandgap Photonic". A sa'i daya kuma, Sajiv John na Jami'ar Prieston, yayin da yake kokarin inganta ingancin na'urorin da ake amfani da su wajen sadarwa, ya gano wannan gibi. A shekarar 1991, Eli Yablonovich samu na farko photonic crystal. A cikin 1997, an haɓaka hanyar taro don samun lu'ulu'u.

Misalin kristal photonic mai girma uku da ke faruwa a zahiri shine opal, misali na launi na photonic na reshe na malam buɗe ido na jinsin Morpho. Koyaya, lu'ulu'u na photonic yawanci ana yin su ne ta hanyar wucin gadi a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje daga silicon, wanda kuma ya zama mara ƙarfi. Dangane da tsarinsu, sun kasu kashi ɗaya, biyu- da uku-uku. Tsarin mafi sauƙi shine tsari mai girma ɗaya. Lu'ulu'u masu girma dabam-dabam na photonic sanannu ne kuma ana amfani da su na dogon lokaci dielectric yadudduka, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da haɓakar tunani wanda ya dogara da tsayin hasken abin da ya faru. A haƙiƙa, wannan madubi ne na Bragg, wanda ya ƙunshi yadudduka da yawa tare da madaidaicin fihirisa masu ƙarfi da ƙaranci. Madubin Bragg yana aiki kamar matattara mai ƙarancin wucewa ta yau da kullun, wasu mitoci suna nunawa yayin da wasu ke wucewa. Idan kun mirgine madubin Bragg cikin bututu, kuna samun tsari mai girma biyu.

Misalai na lu'ulu'u masu girma biyu da aka kirkira ta wucin gadi sune filaye na gani na hoto da yadudduka na hoto, waɗanda, bayan gyare-gyare da yawa, ana iya amfani da su don canza alkiblar siginar haske a nesa da ƙanƙanta fiye da tsarin haɗaɗɗen gani na al'ada. A halin yanzu akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don yin samfurin lu'ulu'u na photonic.

первый - PWM (hanyar igiyar jirgin sama) tana nufin sifofi guda ɗaya da biyu kuma ya ƙunshi lissafin ƙididdiga na ka'idar, gami da Bloch, Faraday, Maxwell equations. Na biyu Hanyar yin tallan kayan aikin fiber optic ita ce hanyar FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain), wanda ya ƙunshi warware ma'auni na Maxwell tare da dogaro na lokaci don filin lantarki da filin maganadisu. Wannan yana ba da damar gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na lamba akan yaduwar igiyoyin lantarki a cikin sifofin crystal da aka bayar. A nan gaba, wannan ya kamata ya ba da damar samun tsarin photonic tare da ma'auni daidai da na na'urorin microelectronic da ake amfani da su don sarrafa haske.

Wasu aikace-aikace na photonic crystal:

• Zabi madubi na Laser resonators,
• Laser ra'ayi rarraba,
• Photonic zaruruwa (photonic crystal fiber), filaments da planar,
• Photonic semiconductors, ultra-fari pigments,
• LEDs tare da haɓaka haɓaka, Microresonators, Metamaterials - kayan hagu,
• Gwajin Broadband na na'urorin photonic,
• spectroscopy, interferometry ko optic coherence tomography (OCT) - ta yin amfani da tasirin lokaci mai ƙarfi.