Alamar pH ta dabi'a

A ƙarƙashin rinjayar canji a cikin yanayin yanayin, ba kawai mahadi da aka yi amfani da su a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje a matsayin masu nuna alama suna samun launi daban-daban. Ƙungiya mai yawa daidai gwargwado ta ƙunshi abubuwa da ke cikin samfuran halitta. A cikin gwaji da yawa, za mu gwada halayen pH a cikin mahallin mu.

Don gwaje-gwaje, za a buƙaci mafita da yawa tare da pH daban-daban. Ana iya samun su ta hanyar diluting hydrochloric acid tare da HCl (pH 3-4% bayani shine 0) da sodium hydroxide bayani NaOH (4% bayani yana da pH na 14). Distilled ruwa, wanda kuma za mu yi amfani da, yana da pH na 7 (tsaka tsaki). A cikin binciken, za mu yi amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itacen beetroot, ruwan 'ya'yan kabeji ja, ruwan 'ya'yan itace blueberry da jiko na shayi.

A cikin bututun gwaji tare da shirye-shiryen da aka shirya da ruwa mai narkewa, sauke ɗan ruwan 'ya'yan gwoza ja kaɗan (hoto 1). A cikin maganin acidic, yana samun launin ja mai tsananin gaske, a cikin tsaka tsaki da mafita na alkaline, launi ya zama launin ruwan kasa, yana juya zuwa tint rawaya (hoto 2). Launi na ƙarshe shine sakamakon lalatawar rini a cikin yanayi mai ƙarfi na alkaline. Abubuwan da ke da alhakin canza launin ruwan 'ya'yan itacen beetroot shine betanin. Acidification na borsch ko salatin beetroot shine "guntu" na dafuwa wanda ke ba da tasa launi mai ban sha'awa.

Haka kuma, a gwada ruwan kabeji ja (hoto 3). A cikin maganin acid, ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya zama ja mai haske, a cikin wani bayani mai tsaka-tsaki ya zama haske mai haske, kuma a cikin bayani na alkaline ya zama kore. Hakanan a cikin wannan yanayin, tushe mai ƙarfi yana lalata rini - ruwa a cikin bututun gwajin ya zama rawaya (hoto 4). Abubuwan da ke canza launi sune anthocyanins. Yafawa salatin kabeji ja tare da ruwan lemun tsami yana ba shi kyan gani.

Wani gwaji yana buƙatar ruwan 'ya'yan itace blueberry (hoto 5). Launin ja-violet yana canzawa zuwa ja a cikin matsakaiciyar acidic, zuwa kore a cikin matsakaiciyar alkaline, kuma zuwa rawaya a matsakaicin alkaline mai ƙarfi (ruwan rini) (hoto 6). A nan ma, anthocyanins ne ke da alhakin canza launin ruwan 'ya'yan itace.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da jiko na shayi azaman alamar pH mai bayani (hoto 7). A gaban acid, launi ya zama bambaro rawaya, a cikin tsaka tsaki ya zama launin ruwan kasa mai haske, kuma a cikin matsakaiciyar alkaline ya zama launin ruwan kasa mai duhu.hoto 8). Abubuwan da aka samo tannin suna da alhakin canza launin jiko, suna ba da shayi irin dandano tart. Ƙara ruwan 'ya'yan itace lemun tsami yana sa launin jiko ya yi haske.

Hakanan yana da kyau a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje da kansa tare da sauran alamun halitta - yawancin juices da decoctions na tsire-tsire suna canza launi saboda acidification ko alkalization na yanayi.

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Alamar pH ta dabi'a