Harajin motocin lantarki

Ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun farashin abin hawa na lantarki abu ne mai sassauƙa don sau da yawa farashin sayayya mai tsayi. Wannan yana taimakawa ta hanyar harajin hanya, wanda shine daidai sifili na Yuro kowane wata don motar lantarki. To amma harajin motocin lantarki zai zama sifiri ko kuwa zai karu nan gaba?

Ita ce babbar hanyar samun kuɗaɗe ga gwamnatin ƙasar da larduna: harajin ababen hawa (MRB). Ko, kamar yadda kuma ake kira, harajin hanya. A cikin 2019, Dutch ɗin sun biya kusan Yuro biliyan 5,9 a cikin harajin hanya, a cewar CBS. Kuma nawa ne daga abin da ya fito daga plugins? Ba Euro ko ɗaya ba.

Har zuwa 2024, rangwamen harajin hanya don motar lantarki shine XNUMX%. Ko, a sanya shi a fahimce: Masu EV ba sa biyan MRBs ko Yuro. Gwamnati na son yin amfani da wannan don karfafa tukin wutar lantarki. Bayan haka, siyan motar lantarki yana da tsada sosai. Idan farashin kowane wata ya faɗi, siyan motar lantarki zai iya zama abin sha'awar kuɗi, aƙalla ra'ayin shine.

BPM

Wannan shirin haraji ya bayyana ƙarin fa'idodin kuɗin kuɗin motocin lantarki. Ɗauki BPM, wanda kuma ba shi da sifili ga EVs. Ana ƙididdige BPM bisa ga hayaƙin CO2 na abin hawa. Don haka, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa wannan harajin siyan sifiri ne. Abin mamaki, wannan BPM zai karu zuwa € 2025 daga 360. Rage ƙimar ƙima na kashi 8 zuwa farashin jeri na € 45.000 shima wani ɓangare ne na wannan shirin.

EVs ba na musamman ba ne game da wannan: akwai kuma abubuwan ƙarfafawa na kuɗi don toshe-in hybrids don haɓaka zuwa nau'in "cleaner". Akwai rangwamen harajin hanya don plugins (PHEV). PHEV niyya kyauta, rangwamen kashi 2024 (har zuwa shekaru 50). Wannan kashi hamsin ya dogara ne akan ƙimar motar fasinja "na al'ada". A wasu kalmomi, idan kuna tuƙi PHEV mai mai, harajin titin ku zai zama rabin abin da motar mai zata kasance a cikin wannan nau'in nauyi.

Matsala tare da abubuwan ƙarfafawa na kuɗi shine cewa suna iya zama sananne sosai. Mu dauki misali, hukumomin haraji, inda ma’aikata da yawa suka yi amfani da kudaden sallama, kuma matsalolin da ke faruwa a ma’aikatar jihar sun kara ta’azzara. Idan kowa ya fara amfani da motocin lantarki kuma kudaden shiga na MRB ya ragu daga kusan Yuro biliyan shida a shekara zuwa sifiri, gwamnati da dukkan larduna za su shiga cikin babbar matsala.

Harajin hanya kan motocin lantarki ya karu

Don haka, rangwamen harajin abin hawa zai ragu daga 2025. A shekarar 2025, direbobin motocin lantarki za su biya kashi daya bisa hudu na harajin tituna, a shekarar 2026 za su biya dukkan harajin. Yana dan samun kadan kadan a nan. Hukumar Tax da Kwastam ta rubuta game da rangwamen akan "motoci na yau da kullun". Amma ... menene motoci na yau da kullun? Tambayoyi ga hukumomin haraji sun nuna cewa muna magana ne game da motocin mai.

Kuma wannan abin mamaki ne. Bayan haka, motocin lantarki suna da nauyi sosai saboda batura suna da nauyi sosai. Misali, Tesla Model 3 yana auna kilo 1831. Motar mai mai wannan nauyi tana biyan Yuro 270 a kowace kwata cikin sharuddan MRB a Arewacin Holland. Wannan yana nufin cewa Tesla Model 3 a cikin 2026 zai ci Yuro casa'in a wata a wannan lardin, idan waɗannan lambobin ba su tashi ba. Wanda kusan za su yi.

Don kwatanta: BMW 320i yana auna kilogiram 1535 kuma farashin Yuro 68 a kowane wata a Arewacin Holland. Daga shekarar 2026, a mafi yawan lokuta, ta fuskar harajin hanya, za a fi samun riba a zabi mota mai injin mai maimakon motar lantarki. Wannan ko ta yaya ɗan sananne ne. Misali, motar dizal ta fi tsada a fannin MRB, haka ma LPG da sauran man fetur. Don haka, a baya, gwamnati ta yi ƙoƙari ta yi tasiri ga mutane ta fuskar muhalli tare da nau'o'in MRB daban-daban, amma a cikin motocin lantarki, ta fi son yin hakan.

Yana da ɗan sabawa. Duk wanda ya yanke shawarar siyan mota mai amfani da wutar lantarki kuma ta haka ne ke fitar da hayaki kadan a duniya fiye da wanda yake da motar mai ya kamata a saka masa da shi, ko? Bayan haka, ana ladabtar da mutanen da ke da tsofaffin diesel da harajin zoma, to me ya sa ba a ba da ladan motocin lantarki? A daya bangaren kuma, saura shekaru da dama kafin shekarar 2026 (da akalla zabuka biyu). Don haka da yawa na iya canzawa a wannan lokacin. Wani ƙarin nau'in MRB don motocin lantarki, misali.

Harajin hanya akan PHEV

Lokacin da ya zo kan harajin hanya, motocin haɗin gwiwar suna da buri iri ɗaya na gaba kamar motar da ke da wutar lantarki. Har zuwa 2024, kuna biyan rabin harajin hanya "na yau da kullun". A PHEVs yana da sauƙi don nuna harajin hanya "al'ada" fiye da motocin lantarki: plugins koyaushe suna da injin konewa na ciki a cikin jirgi. Ta wannan hanyar, zaku kuma gano abin da ake cajin harajin hanya na yau da kullun ga wannan motar.

Misali: Wani ya sayi Volkswagen Golf GTE a Arewacin Holland. PHEV ne mai injin mai kuma nauyin kilogiram 1.500 ne. Lardin ya dace a nan saboda alawus-alawus na lardi da ya bambanta daga lardi zuwa lardin. Waɗannan ƙarin kuɗin lardi na daga cikin harajin hanyoyin da ke zuwa lardin kai tsaye.

Tunda kun san farashin PHEV rabin zaɓi na "al'ada", yakamata ku kalli MRB ɗin motar. motar mai wanda nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 1.500. A Arewacin Holland, irin wannan motar tana biyan Yuro 204 kowace kwata. Rabin wannan adadin kuma shine € 102 don haka adadin MRB na Golf GTE a Arewacin Holland.

Gwamnati kuma za ta canza hakan. A cikin 2025, harajin hanya akan PHEVs zai ƙaru daga 50% zuwa 75% na "kuɗin yau da kullun". Dangane da bayanan yanzu, irin wannan Golf GTE yana biyan Yuro 153 kowace kwata. Shekara guda bayan haka, rangwamen MRB har ma ya ɓace gaba ɗaya. Sannan, a matsayin mai PHEV, kuna biyan kuɗi kamar kowa don abin hawa mai gurbata muhalli.

Bita na shahararrun plugins

Don ƙara bayyana bambance-bambancen, bari mu ɗauki wasu shahararrun PHEVs. Mafi shaharar filogi mai yiwuwa shine Mitsubishi Outlander. Lokacin da direbobin kasuwanci za su iya fitar da SUVs tare da ƙari na 2013% a 0, Mitsubishi ba za a iya ja ƙasa ba. Ga Mitsu wanda bai yi jigilar kaya zuwa ketare ba, ga lambobin MRB.

Wannan Outlander, wanda Wouter ya tuka a karshen shekarar 2013, yana da nauyin kilogiram 1785 da ba a dakon kaya. Dan kasar Holland na Arewa yanzu yana biyan € 135 kowace kwata. A cikin 2025 zai zama Yuro 202,50, bayan shekara guda - Yuro 270. Don haka Outlander ya riga ya fi tsada akan MRB fiye da Golf GTE, amma a cikin shekaru shida bambancin zai fi girma.

Wani wanda ya ci hayar shine Volvo V60 D6 plug-in matasan. Wouter kuma ya gwada wannan, shekaru biyu kafin Mitsubishi. Abin sha'awa a cikin wannan motar shine injin konewa na ciki. Ba kamar sauran matasan da aka nuna a cikin wannan labarin ba, wannan injin diesel ne.

dizal mai nauyi

Hakanan man diesel ne mai nauyi. Nauyin abin hawa shine kilogiram 1848, wanda ke nufin cibiyar sadarwa ya fada cikin ajin nauyi daya da Outlander. Koyaya, a nan mun ga bambanci tsakanin man fetur da dizal: Arewacin Hollander yanzu yana biyan € 255 a cikin kwata na MRB. A cikin 2025, wannan adadin ya karu zuwa Yuro 383, bayan shekara guda - akalla Yuro 511. Fiye da ninki biyu na baya Golf GTE, haka.

Abu na karshe da zamuyi magana akai shine Audi A3 e-tron. Yanzu mun san alamar e-tron daga SUV na lantarki, amma a zamanin wannan Sportback, har yanzu suna nufin PHEV. A bayyane yake, Wouter ya riga ya ɗan gaji da PHEV saboda an ƙyale Kasper ya gwada fitar da matasan.

Wannan PHEV yana da "kawai" injin mai kuma yayi nauyi kaɗan fiye da Golf GTE. Audi nauyi 1515 kg. Wannan a hankali yana ba mu lambobi iri ɗaya da Golf. Don haka yanzu ɗan ƙasar Holland na Arewa yana biyan Yuro 102 kowace kwata. A tsakiyar wannan shekaru goma zai zama Yuro 153, kuma a cikin 2026 zai zama Yuro 204.

ƙarshe

Layin ƙasa shine EVs (da plugins) yanzu suna da sha'awar kuɗi don siye a keɓe. Bayan haka, motar lantarki ba ta da daraja ko sisin kwabo ta fuskar harajin hanya. Wannan zai canza kawai: daga 2026, wannan tanadi na musamman na motocin lantarki zai ɓace gaba ɗaya. Sannan motar lantarki za ta zama daidai da na motar mai na yau da kullun. A gaskiya ma, tun da motar lantarki ya fi nauyi, harajin hanya yana karuwa. Ƙari farashi fiye da zaɓin mai. Wannan kuma ya shafi, ko da yake zuwa ƙarami, ga matasan plug-in.

Kamar yadda aka ambata, gwamnati na iya canza wannan. Saboda haka, wannan gargaɗin na iya zama mara amfani bayan shekaru biyar. Amma wannan ya kamata a kiyaye idan kuna neman siyan motar lantarki ko PHEV na dogon lokaci.