Injin Volkswagen Caravelle
Karamar bas wata ƙirƙira ce ta musamman na masu zanen motoci. Yana da ɗaki, dadi da sauri. Wannan kyakkyawan zaɓi ne na canja wurin kasuwanci don kada mai watsa shiri ba ya tara kwakwalen su neman limousines da yawa a lokaci guda. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ƙananan motocin fasinja da na sufuri a kan hanyoyin Turai a ƙarshen karni shine Volkswagen Caravelle.
Tarihin kayan aiki
Karamin bas din Caravelle ya shiga hanyoyin Turai a cikin 1979 a matsayin karamin motar motar baya tare da tashar wutar lantarki da ke bayan jiki. A cikin 1997, masu zanen kaya sun ba da shawarar ƙara murfin don sanya injin a ciki. Akwai daki da yawa a gaba wanda, ban da in-line fours, yanzu yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da manyan injinan dizal mai silinda V mai siffa shida.
Layin samar da Volkswagen Caravelle kamar haka:
- ƙarni na uku (T3) - 3-1979;
- ƙarni na uku (T4) - 4-1991;
- ƙarni na uku (T5) - 5-2004;
- ƙarni na 6 (T6) - 2010-yanzu (Restyling T6 - 2015).
Injin na farko da aka shigar a cikin karamin mota shine injin dizal mai lambar masana'anta AAB mai karfin 78 hp. (ƙarar aiki - 2370 cm3).
Ƙarni na gaba na Caravelle ya yi magana da Transporter: motocin tuƙi na gaba tare da ABS, jakunkuna na iska, madubai masu zafi na lantarki da tagogi, birki na diski, mai musayar zafi tare da na'urar sarrafawa da tsarin bututun iska. Tashar wutar lantarkin an sanye take da injunan dizal da na man fetur, wanda hakan ya sa a iya saurin gudu na 150-200 km/h. Ko da a lokacin, injiniyoyi da masu zane-zane sun fara ba da hankali sosai don tabbatar da jin dadi yayin tafiya da kayan ado na ciki: an shigar da tebur mai canzawa a ciki, murhu tare da lokaci, kuma rediyon mota na zamani ya bayyana.
Ƙarni na biyar na ƙaramin bas ɗin ya yi kama da wani babban bugu na VW - Multivan: ƙwanƙwasa wanda ya dace da launin launi na jiki, fitilolin mota waɗanda suka dace da siffar daidai. Amma babban "hasken" na sabunta gyare-gyare na minibus shi ne ikon yin amfani da 4Motion duk-wheel drive, kazalika da zabi na dogon ko gajere tushe. A cikin ɗakin, ya zama mafi fili da jin dadi, tun da yanzu tsarin kula da iska na Climatronic na yanki biyu yana da alhakin kula da yanayi.
Ergonomics da sararin samaniya - wannan shine babban katin kati na sabon sigar minivan. Sabuwar Caravelle tana ɗaukar fasinjoji 4 zuwa 9 tare da kayan hannu masu haske. T6 yana samuwa a cikin daidaitattun nau'ikan ƙafafu masu tsayi da tsayi. Baya ga tsarin sauti na zamani, injiniyoyi sun sa minivan tare da ɗimbin tsarin mataimaka, akwatin gear na DSG, da chassis na DCC mai daidaitawa. Matsakaicin ƙarfin injin dizal shine 204 hp.
Injin na Volkswagen Caravelle
Motocin tsararraki T4 da T5 an sanye su da injuna masu yawa don tuƙi na gaba da tsarin tuƙi. Ya isa a faɗi cewa wasu Caravelle sun sami damar hawa tare da injunan 1X na daɗaɗɗen ba tare da allurar kai tsaye ba - in-line dizal "hudu" tare da damar 60 hp kawai.
Tun daga 2015, kamfanonin Caravelle da California suna "tafiya cikin ƙungiya ɗaya" dangane da samar da wutar lantarki: suna da daidaitattun 2,0 da 2,5-lita dizal da injunan gas tare da turbines ko compressors a matsayin masu caji.
Biturbodiesel da damar 204 hp tare da lambar masana'anta CXEB shi ma ya sanya shi cikin wannan jerin: an sanya shi a kan ƙaramin motar motar gaba tare da akwatin kayan aiki na robotic. Injin mafi ƙarfi da ya samu ƙarƙashin murfin Volkswagen Caravelle shine injin mai na BDL tare da tsarin allurar mai rarraba. Ba tare da injin turbin ba, wannan dodo V6 tare da girman aiki na 3189 cm3 ya sami damar haɓaka ƙarfin da ba a taɓa gani ba don ƙaramin bas - 235 hp.
| Alamar alama | Rubuta | girma, cm3 | Matsakaicin iko, kW / hp | Tsarin wutar lantarki |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Х | dizal | 1896 | 44/60 | - |
| GLA | dizal turbocharged | 1896 | 50/68 | - |
| AAB | dizal | 2370 | 57/78 | - |
| AAC | fetur | 1968 | 62/84 | allura rarraba |
| AAF, ACU, AEU | -: - | 2461 | 81/110 | allura rarraba |
| AJA | dizal | 2370 | 55/75 | - |
| AET, APL, AVT | fetur | 2461 | 85/115 | allura rarraba |
| ACV, ON, AXL, AYC | dizal turbocharged | 2461 | 75/102 | kai tsaye allura |
| AH, AXG | -: - | 2461 | 110 / 150, 111 / 151 | kai tsaye allura |
| AES | fetur | 2792 | 103/140 | allura rarraba |
| Farashin AMV | -: - | 2792 | 150/204 | allura rarraba |
| BRR | dizal turbocharged | 1892 | 62/84 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| BRS | -: - | 1896 | 75/102 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| M | fetur | 1984 | 84 / 114, 85 / 115 | Multipoint allura |
| Farashin AXD | dizal turbocharged | 2461 | 96 / 130, 96 / 131 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| AX | -: - | 2461 | 128/174 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| BDL | fetur | 3189 | 173/235 | allura rarraba |
| CAA | dizal tare da kwampreso | 1968 | 62/84 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| KAAB | dizal turbocharged | 1968 | 75/102 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| AL'ADA | -: - | 1968 | 84/114 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| CHA, CAAC | dizal tare da kwampreso | 1968 | 103/140 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| Farashin CFCA | -: - | 1968 | 132/180 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| Farashin CJKB | -: - | 1984 | 81 / 110, 110 / 150 | kai tsaye allura |
| CJKA | turbocharged fetur | 1984 | 150/204 | kai tsaye allura |
| CXHA | dizal turbocharged | 1968 | 110/150 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| CXEB | dizal tagwaye | 1968 | 150/204 | Jirgin Ruwa |
| CAAC, CCAH | dizal turbocharged | 1968 | 103/140 | Jirgin Ruwa |
Wannan abin mamaki ne, amma in mun gwada da "shuru" Motors na multivans da suna fadin halaye ne akai-akai baƙi a guntu tuning dakunan gwaje-gwaje. Misali, ga injin BDL, an samar da na'urar sarrafa fedar gas ta hanyar tsarin wayar salula (akwatin Pedal). Madaidaitan saitunan 3,2 V6 BDL ana kawo su zuwa alamomi masu zuwa:
- rage lokacin hanzari zuwa 70 km / h ta 0,2-0,5 s;
- babu jinkiri lokacin danna fedalin gas;
- rage raguwar saurin gudu lokacin da ake canza kaya akan akwatunan gear na hannu.
Tsarin haɓaka aikin saurin yana samuwa ga kowane nau'in akwatin gear da aka shigar akan Volkswagen Caravelle. Akwatin feda yana ba da amsa nan take na tsarin zuwa ayyukan direban, yana haɓaka ɗab'i, wanda ke nuna saurin amsawar injin wutar lantarki zuwa canje-canjen direban a cikin sigogin fedar gas.
