Skoda Fabia injuna
Abubuwa
Kowane mai kera motoci yana da “katin ziyara” ga waɗanda suka gwammace su zaɓi mota bisa ƙimar “farashi / inganci”. A matsayinka na mai mulki, waɗannan ƙananan motoci ne ko ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan, tare da jikin hatchback da ƙananan kaya. Daya daga cikin mafi haske wakilan Turai "yara jam'iyyar" - Skoda Fabia.
Tarihin halitta da samarwa
A 1990, Skoda Auto damuwa ya zama na hudu a duniya shahara iri - memba na mota iyali na Jamus auto giant Wolksvagen. Bisa buƙatar kamfanin iyaye, Czechs sun dakatar da samfurin Felicia a 2001. Sabuwar "fuska" na kamfanin wani samfurin da aka gabatar a cikin kaka na 1999 a wani wasan kwaikwayo na mota a Frankfurt, Jamus. "Abin mamaki"! Haka ne, idan aka waiwayi kalmar Latin mai ban mamaki, masu yin ta suna kiran sabon abu.
- 1 tsara (1999-2007).
Motar Fabia ta “convocation na farko” ta birkice layin taron a ƙarƙashin lambar Mk1. Motar, wanda aka kera bisa tsarin dandalin A04 na Jamus, ya karɓi sunan gargajiya ga duk motocin da aka yi Czech (tare da ƙarshen "ia"). Injiniyoyi ba a iyakance ga saki hatchbacks, da kuma a auto show a birnin Paris (Satumba 2001) sun gabatar da wani zabi ga m jama'a - Fabia Combi tashar wagon, da kuma a Geneva - sedan.
Motocin "'yan uwa" na Fabia sune WV Polo da SEAT Ibiza. Masu zanen kaya sun sanya nau'ikan injuna iri-iri a kansu - daga man fetur 1,2 lita. AWV zuwa mafi ƙarfi 2-lita ASZ, ASY da AZL turbodiesels. The kawai Czech-sanya engine a cikin ƙarni na farko na motoci Skoda Fabia - 1,4-lita AUB MPI naúrar, modified tun da saki na Favorit da Estelle model, a baya a cikin "Donetsk" zamanin wanzuwar Skoda Auto damuwa.
Ƙungiyar ƙira ta zama mai haɓaka sosai akan sabuntawa. Bayan motocin da suka riga sun shiga kasuwa, akwai:
- hatchback Fabia Junior;
- tashar fasinja mai ɗaukar kaya Fabia Praktik.
A shekarar 2004 da kuma 2006, da mota sha iyaka restyling. Matsayin shahararren motar ƙarni na 1 a tsakanin masu amfani da Turai yana nuna alamar tallace-tallace na raka'a miliyan 1,8.
- 2 tsara (2007-2014).
Tare da ƙaddamar da ƙarni na gaba na motoci, kamfanin ya yi watsi da sayar da sedans, kuma ya mayar da hankali gaba ɗaya don kammala ƙirar hatchback da motoci na tasha. A sakamakon haka - bayyanar a cikin 2009 na motoci tare da kayan aikin filastik, sun taru a cikin tsarin Scoult, daga mai zanen Czech F. Pelikan.
Wani fasali na musamman na injinan sabon layin shine shigar da watsa "ci gaba". Maimakon watsawa ta atomatik, injiniyoyin sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da akwati mai sauri na DSG robotic gearbox a cikin tashar wutar lantarki tare da injunan TSI masu turbocharged.
Kamfanin kera motoci na Czech ya kuma yi nasara a wata hanya. Masu zanen kaya sun haɓaka motar motsa jiki RS. Injin da aka sanya tagwayen turbocharger a kai ya haɓaka ƙarfin 180 hp. Matsakaicin gudun motar ya kai 225 km / h. Baya ga masana'antar wutar lantarki, tana da sabbin abubuwan ban mamaki da yawa:
- haske gami 17-inch Giugiaro ƙafafun;
- na baya baya tare da shigar dual shaye da diffuser;
- wuraren zama na zane na wasanni;
- bakin karfe fedals.
Har zuwa 2, Skoda Fabia na ƙarni na 2014 an haɗa shi ta hanyar SKD a masana'antar mota a Kaluga. Kuma banda - a China, Indiya, Ukraine, da kuma a wasu ƙasashe. Farashin mota na Rasha-harhada a cikin ainihin tsari shine 339 dubu rubles.
- ƙarni na 3 (2014-yanzu).
Duniya ba ta tsaya cak ba. Na musamman IT-fasaha ana "dasa" cikin sauri cikin motoci. Sabuwar Fabia wani wuri ne na MirrorLink inda ake samun sauƙin haɗa wayoyin fasinjoji da tsarin sauti na multimedia da kwamfuta mai kewayawa. Haka kuma kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki sun sami wani ingantaccen inganci. Don maye gurbin tsoffin shimfidu, sababbi, waɗanda aka ƙirƙira bisa tushen ra'ayi na MQB, injuna ne tare da tsarin tsarin lokaci mai canzawa da allurar man fetur bisa ga tsarin MPI da TSI, farawa da tsarin dawowa.
An gabatar da hatchback na ƙarni na uku a Paris a cikin Agusta 2014. Salon shimfidar wasanni ana kiransa Vision C. Yana da fitilun fitilun mota masu kyan gani, manyan kusurwoyi masu yawa, wanda ke sa motar ta yi kama da kristal mai kyalli a cikin haske mai haske. A daidai gwargwado, motar ta zama mafi fadi da ƙasa fiye da wanda ya riga ta.
Gidan yanzu yana da ƙarin ɗaki don direba da fasinjoji: ya girma da tsayin 8 mm da faɗin 21 mm. Gangar lita 330 tana da lita 15 mafi fili fiye da da. Kujerun na baya suna sanye da tsarin nadawa mai dacewa, wanda zaku iya ɗaukar nauyi sama da mita ɗaya da rabi tsawon don sufuri.
Mota mai darajan Yuro dubu 11,8 (a cikin tsari na asali) an haɗa shi a masana'antar motar Skoda a Mlada Boleslav. TSI na ci gaba da na'urorin wutar lantarki na MPI an sanye su da na'urar hannu ko na'urar kayan aikin da aka zaɓa. Ba a bayar da isar da motar zuwa Tarayyar Rasha ba.
Injin Skoda Fabia
Kallo na farko na jerin injunan da aka sanya a kan tsararraki uku na motocin Czech-Jamus matsakaici suna haifar da abin mamaki mara kyau. Irin wannan adadin raka'a (39) tsawon shekaru 20 ba su sami motocin samfurin ɗaya daga kowane kamfani na mota ba. Skoda Fabia yana nufin masu siye daga Gabashin Turai. Saboda haka, shugabannin Wolcsvagen ba sa jinkirin yin amfani da injinan dizal tare da injin turbin a matsayin manyan caja a masana'antar wutar lantarki.
| Alamar alama | Rubuta | girma, cm3 | Matsakaicin iko, kW / hp |
| YAWA, BMD | fetur | 1198 | 40/54 |
| AZQ, BME | -: - | 1198 | 47/64 |
| Da fatan, BBZ | -: - | 1390 | 74/101 |
| NBM | dizal turbocharged | 1422 | 51/70 |
| AU, BBY, BKY | fetur | 1390 | 55/75 |
| AMF | dizal turbocharged | 1422 | 55/75 |
| ATD, AXR | -: - | 1896 | 74/100 |
| ASZ, BLT | -: - | 1896 | 96/130 |
| TAMBAYA | -: - | 1896 | 47/64 |
| AZL, BBX | fetur | 1984 | 85/115 |
| BID | -: - | 1390 | 59/80 |
| AME, AQW, ATZ | -: - | 1397 | 50/68 |
| BZG | fetur | 1198 | 51/70 |
| CGGB, BXW | -: - | 1390 | 63/86 |
| CFNA, BTS | -: - | 1598 | 77/105 |
| Farashin CBZB | turbocharged fetur | 1197 | 77/105 |
| KOGO | fetur | 1390 | 132/180 |
| BBM, CHFA | -: - | 1198 | 44/60 |
| BZG, CGPA | -: - | 1198 | 51/70 |
| BXW, CGGB | -: - | 1390 | 63/86 |
| BTS | -: - | 1598 | 77/105 |
| CHTA, BZG, CEVA, CGPA | -: - | 1198 | 51/70 |
| CFWA | dizal turbocharged | 1199 | 55/75 |
| CBZA | turbocharged fetur | 1197 | 63/86 |
| CTHE, KOGO | fetur | 1390 | 132/180 |
| CAYC | dizal turbocharged | 1598 | 77/105 |
| CAY | -: - | 1598 | 55/75 |
| CAYB | -: - | 1598 | 66/90 |
| BMS, BNV | -: - | 1422 | 59/80 |
| BTS, CFNA | fetur | 1598 | 77/105 |
| BLS, BSW | dizal turbocharged | 1896 | 77/105 |
| CHZC | fetur na yanayi da kuma turbocharged | 999 | 81/110 |
| Farashin CHYB | fetur | 999 | 55/75 |
| CHZB | turbocharged fetur | 999 | 70/95 |
| CJZD | -: - | 1197 | 81/110 |
| CJZC | -: - | 1197 | 66/90 |
| CUTA | dizal turbocharged | 1422 | 77/105 |
| KUSB | -: - | 1422 | 66/90 |
| CHYA | fetur | 999 | 44/60 |
Wani fasali: kusan dukkanin waɗannan injinan an yi amfani da su ne kawai a Fabia. Da wuya, samfurin na biyu na wasu daga cikinsu shine fasinja mai ɗaukar kaya na duniya van Roomster.
Mafi mashahuri injin Skoda Fabia
Tambaya mafi wahala dangane da gaskiyar cewa Fabia tsawon shekaru XNUMX ya yi tsayin daka sama da ɗari ɗaya da rabi a cikin tsararraki daban-daban. Wataƙila, ya kamata ku kula da sanannen motar alama ta CBZB, wacce ta shiga cikin matakan datsa dozin biyu. Bugu da ƙari, hankali ya bambanta, amma ga bita, shirin. Naúrar ta juya ba ta yi nasara sosai ba dangane da dogaro, adadin “raguwa” da ƙimar gabaɗaya. Duk da haka, an sanya shi a kan injinan ƙarni na biyu na dogon lokaci.
Naúrar Silinda huɗu na cikin layi tare da ƙarfin 105 hp. tare da ECU Siemens Simos 10 yana da fasali da yawa:
- lokacin sarkar;
- babban matsa lamba kai tsaye allura TSI;
- tsarin kunna kwamfuta da sanyaya.
An samar da motar a cikin nau'i biyu - a matsayin mai tsabta "mai sha'awar" kuma tare da IHI 1634 turbocharger a matsayin babban caja.
Idan akai la'akari da cewa injiniyoyin ba su yi tunani sosai ba ta hanyar manufar "kwankwasa" irin wannan adadin tsarin zamani a cikin ƙananan ƙananan naúrar, ba zai yiwu ba don kauce wa gazawa a cikin aikin. Waɗannan sun haɗa da matsaloli tare da tsalle-tsalle a cikin tsarin lokaci, ƙaƙƙarfan jijjiga a zaman banza, da rashin isasshen dumi zuwa sanyi. Gaskiyar ta ƙarshe tana da alaƙa kai tsaye da kurakuran masu ƙirƙira wajen haɗa tsarin allura kai tsaye zuwa maƙasudin aikin injin.
Kamar sauran injina na Jamus, sashin CBZB na neman ingancin man fetur da man da ake zubawa. Saboda rashin kiyaye ka'idojin aiki na injin, albarkatunsa, wanda masana'anta suka bayyana a matakin kilomita dubu 250, sun zama ƙasa da ƙasa.
Ingin da ya dace don Skoda Fabia
A farkon shekarar 2012, a cikin girmamawa ga 110th ranar tunawa da farko halartar Skoda mota a wasanni tarurruka, da aka yi birgima sabon Fabia Monte Carlo. Tushen wutar lantarki shine injin dizal turbocharged mai nauyin lita 1,6 na Jamusanci VAG mai karfin 105 hp. Injin da aka yiwa alama CAYC wani yanki ne na jerin EA189. An ƙera shi don maye gurbin injin dizal mai lita biyu. Don rage girman aiki zuwa 1,6 lita. injiniyoyi sun rage diamita na silinda (daga 81 zuwa 79,5 mm) da adadin wasan piston kyauta.
Injin tare da motsin injin na 1598 cm3 sanye take da tsarin alluran man fetur na gargajiya na Continental Common Rail kai tsaye don injin dizal da na'urar sarrafa lantarki ta Siemens Simos PCR 2.1. Jerin fasahar ci-gaba da aka yi amfani da su wajen zayyana naúrar na da ban sha'awa da gaske:
- babban matsa lamba mai famfo tare da dual plunger nau'i-nau'i;
- nozzles tare da piezoelectric actuator;
- accumulator (ramp) da firikwensin matsa lamba;
- babban matsin man famfo;
- lokaci bel drive da man famfo;
- m injin turbocharger Garrett GTC1244MVZ;
- dual taro flywheel;
- robobin cin abinci da yawa.
Kowane Silinda yana da bawuloli biyu don sha da shayewa. Camshaft yana tuƙi daga crankshaft - ta amfani da bel mai haƙori. Siffofin tashoshi na mashiga (oval) da kanti (karkace) suna inganta tsarin samar da cakuda mai. Matsakaicin matsa lamba na man fetur da aka ba da tsarin shine mashaya 1600. Ana yin motsi na bawul ɗin ta amfani da hannaye rocker. Don daidaita rata na thermal, ana shigar da ma'auni na hydraulic akan bawuloli.
Adadin amfani da mai don motoci kamar Fabia, Golf da Ibiza suna mutunta umarnin:
- a cikin lambu - 5,7 l;
- a waje da birnin - 3,9 lita;
- ruwa - 4,5 lita.
Musamman hankali a lokacin aiki na injin da aka tsara don ƙa'idodin muhalli na Turai 5 (mafi yawan hayaki - 109 g / km) ya kamata a biya shi zuwa bawul ɗin recirculation na iskar gas bayan kilomita dubu 150-200. gudu Sabuntawa yayin aikin tacewa yana tsayawa idan potentiometer G212 ya gaza (lambar kuskure 7343). Dalilin gazawar shine lalacewa na damper bearing, sakamakon haka ECU ya daina "ganin" matsayinsa na farko.
Injin yana da matuƙar aminci mai girma. Masu ginin motoci sun bayyana albarkatun garanti a matakin kilomita dubu 250. A aikace, ya wuce kilomita dubu 400, kuma ya dace da matsakaici da ƙananan motoci masu daraja. Saboda haka, a kan Wolksvagen Caddy CAYC engine wuce 600 dubu kilomita kafin maye gurbin ba tare da tsada gyara.
Kuma ɗayan mafi mahimmancin ƙari na motar shine cewa yana amsa da kyau ga firmware lokacin kunnawa. Firmware Stage 1 yana ba da iko har zuwa 140 hp. da karfin juyi na 300 Nm. Aiki mai tsanani tare da "guts" (ƙarin tacewa, bututun ƙasa) yana ba da dozin ƙarin "dawakai" da ƙari 30 Nm na juzu'i. Yana yiwuwa a maye gurbin turbin tare da mafi iko, amma wannan ba shi yiwuwa a cikin motoci kamar Skoda Fabia.
