Nissan Patrol injuna
Abubuwa
Nissan Patrol mota ce da aka fi sani da ita a duk faɗin duniya, wacce ta sami nasarar samun ƙauna da girmamawa a tsakanin waɗanda ke son manyan motoci tare da iyawar ƙetaren ƙasa a tsawon lokacin samarta.
An fara gabatar da shi a cikin 1951 a cikin nau'i biyu, ra'ayin wanda daga baya ya kasance a cikin tsararraki masu zuwa: gajeriyar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafa uku da cikakken ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafa biyar SUV. Har ila yau, dangane da sigar cikakken tushe, an sami nau'ikan ɗauka da kaya (aji na manyan motoci masu haske akan firam).
A cikin shekarun 1988 zuwa 1994 a Ostiraliya, ana sayar da samfurin da sunan Ford Maverick, a wasu kasashen Turai ana kiransa da Ebro Patrol, kuma a 1980 sunan da aka fi sani shine Nissan Safari. Wannan mota a yanzu ana sayar da ita a Australia, Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, a wasu ƙasashe na kudu maso gabashin Asiya da Yammacin Turai, da kuma Iran da Asiya ta Tsakiya, sai dai Amurka ta Arewa, inda aka sayar da wani nau'i mai suna Nissan Armada. tun 2016.
Baya ga nau'ikan farar hula, an kuma samar da wani layi na musamman akan dandalin Y61, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a Asiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya a matsayin abin hawa na soja, da kuma abin hawa na ayyuka na musamman. An yi amfani da sabon dandalin Y62 sosai a cikin Sojojin Irish.
ƙarni na farko 4W60 (1951-1960)
A shekarar samarwa, mutane da yawa za su iya tsammani cewa shahararriyar Willis Jeep a duniya ta zama tushen halittar. Amma wannan ya shafi bayyanar da ergonomics, yayin da injunan da aka shigar a kan 4W60 sun ɗan bambanta da na Amurka. Akwai injuna 4 gabaɗaya, duk a cikin tsarin "inline-six", mai. An tsara ayyuka masu mahimmanci don ƙirar: motar farar hula daga kan hanya, motar sojoji daga kan hanya, motar ɗaukar hoto, motar kashe gobara.
Ingin NAK mai lamba 3.7L da aka yi amfani da shi akan bas Nissan 290 a lokacin ya samar da 75 hp. Bugu da ƙari, an kuma shigar da waɗannan abubuwa masu zuwa: 3.7 l NB, 4.0 NC da 4.0 P. NB - injin da aka gyara dangane da wutar lantarki - 105 hp. a 3400 rpm da juzu'i na 264 N * m a 1600 rpm zuwa 206 na baya. Kyakkyawan aiki mai kyau don 1955, daidai? Bugu da ƙari, akwatin gear ɗin ya ɗauka haɗin haɗin motar gaba.
Injunan "P" suna da halaye iri ɗaya kuma an shigar dasu daidai lokacin da aka sabunta samfurin. An sabunta wannan jerin injunan konewa na cikin gida fiye da sau ɗaya, kuma an sanya nau'ikan sa akan Patrol har zuwa 2003.
ƙarni na biyu 60 (1959-1980)
Wani canji mai mahimmanci a cikin bayyanar a cikin wannan yanayin, babu manyan canje-canje a ƙarƙashin kaho - akwai silinda shida "P" 4.0l. Game da wannan mota, za a iya lura da wasu fasaha bambance-bambancen da cewa ba da damar Nissan sintiri ba su canza ikon naúrar na tsawon shekaru 10. Kaura 3956 cu. cm, ɗakunan konewa na hemispherical da cikakkiyar madaidaicin crankshaft ta hanyoyi bakwai. Sarkar drive, carburetor da 12 bawuloli (2 da Silinda), matsawa daga 10.5 zuwa 11.5 kg / cm2. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da mai (kuma har yanzu akwai samfura tare da wannan injin konewa na ciki) 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40.
Tsari na uku 160 (1980-1989)
A cikin 1980, an saki wannan jerin don maye gurbin samfurin 60. An ba da sabon jerin sabbin injuna 4, amma an ci gaba da shigar da "P40". Mafi ƙarancin 2.4L Z24 shine ICE mai silinda mai 4-cylinder sanye take da tsarin allurar jiki, wanda kuma aka sani da NAPS-Z (Nissan anti-pollution system).
Biyu na injunan L28 da L28E - shin waɗannan jiragen ruwa ne na mai? Daban-daban da juna ta hanyar tsarin samar da man fetur. L28 yana da carburetor, kuma gyare-gyarensa yana da tsarin allura wanda ECU ke sarrafawa daga Bosh, wanda ya dogara da tsarin L-Jetronic. L28E yana ɗaya daga cikin injunan Japan na farko masu irin wannan tsarin. Ta hanyar fasaha, har ma a cikin wannan jerin, ana aiwatar da ƙarin bambance-bambance: pistons tare da saman lebur, ƙimar matsawa yana ƙaruwa kuma an ɗaga ƙarfin daga 133 zuwa 143 hp.
Diesel SD33 da SD33T suna da girma na lita 3.2. Waɗannan su ne classic in-line dizal injuna daga Nissan, wanda ya fi shahara a cikin layout na sintiri 160 jerin, da ikon halaye ba high, amma karfin juyi isa ga mai kyau giciye-kasa iyawa da kuma mai kyau gudun ci gaban a kan babbar hanya. 100-120 km / h). Bambancin iko tsakanin waɗannan injunan yana cikin gaskiyar cewa SD33T yana da turbocharger, wanda ke bayyane daga alamomi.
Ƙarni na uku yana da jerin 260 daban da aka samar a Spain a ƙarƙashin sunan Ebro. Baya ga Z24, L28, SD33, masana'antar Nissan Iberica ta shigar da injin dizal 2.7 l Perkins MD27 na Spain cikakke tare da akwati da aka samar a cikin gida don bin dokar Spain. Sun kuma shigar da 2.8 RD28 da sigar turbocharged.
ƙarni na huɗu Y60 (1987-1997)
Jerin Y60 ya riga ya sha bamban da na baya a cikin gyare-gyaren injina da yawa, kamar: haɓaka matakin jin daɗi na ciki, gyare-gyaren dakatarwar bazara wanda ya maye gurbin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Game da wutar lantarki, akwai kuma cikakken sabuntawa - don maye gurbin duk samfuran injin da suka gabata, an shigar da raka'a 4 na jerin RD, RB, TB da TD.
RD28T shine silinda mai silinda shida na Nissan na gargajiya, mai ƙarfin diesel da turbocharged. 2 bawuloli da silinda, guda camshaft (SOHC). Jerin RB yana da alaƙa da RD, amma waɗannan injunan suna aiki akan mai. Kamar dai RD, naúrar silinda ce ta cikin layi shida, mafi kyawun kewayon wanda kuma ya wuce 4000 rpm. Ƙarfin RB30S ya fi yawancin magabata a cikin wannan ƙirar mota, kuma ƙarfin yana a matakin guda. Alamar "S" tana nuna kayan aiki tare da carburetor azaman tsarin samar da cakuda. An kuma shigar da wannan injin a wasu gyare-gyare a kan sanannen Skyline.
TB42S / TB42E - injuna sun fi girma l6 (4.2 l) kuma suna da ƙarfi, kuma tun 1992 an sanye su da tsarin allurar lantarki da kunna wutar lantarki. Daidaitawa shine irin yadda iskar gas ɗin da ake sha da iskar gas ɗin suna a ɓangarorin biyu na kan Silinda. Da farko, an aiwatar da samar da man fetur da samar da cakuda ta hanyar amfani da carburetor mai ɗakuna biyu, kuma an ba da halin yanzu zuwa kyandir ta hanyar rarraba ma'ana. TD42 jeri ne na injunan dizal mai silinda guda shida waɗanda aka girka akan samfura da yawa tsawon shekaru, amma Y60 na da TD422. TD42 kwafin injin dizal mai silinda shida ne tare da prechamber. Shugaban Silinda yayi kama da TB42.
ƙarni na biyar Y61 (1997-2013; har yanzu ana samarwa a wasu ƙasashe)
A cikin Disamba 1997, a karon farko, wannan jerin ya zama samuwa a cikin wani tsari tare da 4.5, 4.8 lita na fetur, 2.8, 3.0 da kuma 4.2 lita na diesel konewa injuna, madadin shimfidu tare da dama da hagu drive ga kasashe daban-daban, da kuma ga kasashe daban-daban. na farko zažužžukan tare da atomatik gearbox aka miƙa.
TB48DE injin in-line petur ne mai silinda shida wanda ya riga yana da wani ƙarfi da ƙarfi wanda ya kusan sau ɗaya da rabi sama da al'ummomin baya. camshafts biyu da bawuloli 4 a kowace silinda, tare da aikin bawul wanda tsarin Kula da Lokaci na Valve ya tsara.
TB45E naúrar da aka sake dubawa ce wacce aka haɓaka buguwar silinda daga 96mm zuwa 99.5mm tare da bugun jini iri ɗaya. Wutar lantarki da tsarin allura na lantarki sun inganta aiki da rage yawan man fetur.
R28ETi ya zo cikin bambance-bambancen guda biyu waɗanda suka bambanta da juna a cikin adadin ƙarfin da aka ƙara zuwa RD28ETi tare da ƙarancin hasara. Kayan aikin su na fasaha iri ɗaya ne: sarrafa lantarki na turbine, mai musayar zafi don kwantar da iska mai tilastawa.
ZD30DDTi naúrar turbocharged ne mai nauyin lita XNUMX, a cikin layi, mai silinda shida tare da na'urar musayar zafi. Wannan injin dizal ya bambanta da wanda ya gabace shi, kamar sauran mutanen wannan ƙarni, tare da ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfi sosai sakamakon ƙaddamar da sabbin hanyoyin inganta injin lantarki.
TD42T3 - ingantaccen TD422.
ƙarni na shida Y62 (2010-yanzu)
Na baya-bayan nan na Nisan Patrol, wanda aka fi sani da Infiniti QX56 da Nissan Armada, suna da duk wani abu da mutane da yawa suka saba gani a cikin motocin zamani. The fasaha kayan da aka rage zuwa amfani da uku mafi iko injuna dace da nauyi ajin SUVs, wato: VK56VD V8, VK56DE V8 da VQ40DE V6.
VK56VD da VK56DE sune manyan injuna a halin yanzu da ake samarwa don Nissan. Tsarin V8, ƙarar 5.6l yana cikin ruhun masu kera motoci na Amurka, waɗanda suka gina shi a karon farko a Tennessee. Bambanci tsakanin waɗannan injunan guda biyu yana cikin iko, wanda ya dogara da tsarin allura (kai tsaye) da sarrafa bawul (VVEL da CVTCS).
VQ40DE V6 ɗan ƙaramin injin lita 4 ne, sanye take da camshafts mara nauyi da madaidaicin tsayin ci. Haɓakawa da yawa da kuma amfani da kayan zamani sun ba da damar haɓaka halayen wutar lantarki da yawa, da kuma yin amfani da shi a cikin shimfidar sauran samfuran mota waɗanda ke buƙatar irin wannan bayanan don amfani mai inganci.
Takaitaccen tebur na injinan sintiri na Nissan
| Injin | Power, hp/revs | Torque, N * m / Juyawa | Shekaru na shigarwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3.7 NAK i6 | 75/3200 | 206/1600 | 1951-1955 |
| 3.7 NB I6 | 105/3400 | 264/1600 | 1955-1956 |
| 4.0 NC I6 | 105-143 / 3400 | 264-318 / 1600 | 1956-1959 |
| 4.0 P I0 I6 | 125/3400 | 264/1600 | 1960-1980 |
| 2.4 Z24 l4 | 103/4800 | 182/2800 | 1983-1986 |
| 2.8 L28/L28E l6 | 120/~4000 | **** | 1980-1989 |
| 3.2 SD33 l6 (dizal) | 81/3600 | 237/1600 | 1980-1983 |
| 3.2 SD33T l6 (dizal) | 93/3600 | 237/1600 | 1983-1987 |
| 4.0 P40 l6 | 125/3400 | 264/1600 | 1980-1989 |
| 2.7 Perkins MD27 l4 (dizal) | 72-115 / 3600 | **** | 1986-2002 |
| 2.8 RD28T I6-T (Diesel) | 113/4400 | 255/2400 | 1996-1997 |
| 3.0 RB30S I6 | 140/4800 | 224/3000 | 1986-1991 |
| 4.2 TB42S/TB42E I6 | 173/4200 | 32/3200 | 1987-1997 |
| 4.2 TD42 I6 (dizal) | 123/4000 | 273/2000 | 1987-2007 |
| 4.8 TB48DE I6 | 249/4800 | 420/3600 | 2001- |
| 2.8 RD28ETi I6 (Diesel) | 132/4000 | 287/2000 | 1997-1999 |
| 3.0 ZD30DDTi I4 (Diesel) | 170/3600 | 363/1800 | 1997- |
| 4.2 TD42T3 I6 (Diesel) | 157/3600 | 330/2200 | 1997-2002 |
| 4.5 TB45E I6 | 197/4400 | 348/3600 | 1997- |
| 5.6 VK56VD V8 | 400/4900 | 413/3600 | 2010- |
| 5.6 VK56DE V8 | 317/4900 | 385/3600 | 2010-2016 |
| 4.0 VQ40DE V6 | 275/5600 | 381/4000 | 2017- |
