Toyota 1FZ-F engine
Abubuwa
A shekarar 1984, Toyota Motor ya kammala samar da sabon injin 1FZ-F wanda aka kera don sarrafa shahararren Land Cruiser 70 SUV, sannan aka sanya shi akan motocin Lexus.
Sabuwar motar ta maye gurbin tsufa 2F kuma an samar dashi har zuwa 2007. Da farko, aikin shine ƙirƙirar ingin abin dogaro, mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, wanda ya dace sosai don motsi akan ƙasa mara kyau. Injiniyoyin Toyota sun yi nasarar kammala wannan aikin gaba ɗaya. An samar da gyare-gyare da yawa na wannan rukunin wutar lantarki.
- Sigar FZ-F tare da tsarin wutar lantarki na 197 hp. da 4600 rpm. Ga wasu ƙasashe, an ƙirƙira har zuwa 190 hp. a 4400 rpm motor zaɓi.
- Gyara 1FZ-FE, ƙaddamar a cikin rabi na biyu na 1992. An shigar da allurar mai da aka rarraba akan shi, saboda abin da ƙarfin ya karu zuwa 212 hp. da 4600 rpm.
Jirgin Land Cruiser 70 tare da sabon injin ya zama abin koyi na dogaro da dorewa kuma an kai shi ga ƙasashe da yawa na duniya.
Abubuwan ƙira na injunan FZ
Naúrar wutar lantarki ta 1FZ-F injin nau'in carburetor ne mai silinda guda shida. Tsarin ƙonewa na lantarki ne, tare da mai rarraba inji. Shugaban Silinda an yi shi da aluminum gami. Yana da camshafts guda biyu, kowanne daga cikinsu yana tuka bawuloli 12. Total - 24, 4 ga kowane Silinda. Motar sarkar lokaci, tare da mai daɗaɗɗen ruwa da kuma damper iri ɗaya. Babu masu ɗaga na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, ana buƙatar gyara lokaci-lokaci na bawul ɗin sharewa.
A kasan katangar akwai tarin man aluminium. An yi kwanon man da ƙarfe mai ɗorewa, wanda ke kare shi daga haɗuwa da ƙasa, wanda ke cike da tuƙi a kan ƙasa mara kyau.
Ana shigar da pistons alloy masu nauyi masu nauyi tare da juriya mai zafi a cikin tubalin simintin silinda. Ana yin zoben matsi na sama da bakin karfe. Ƙarƙashin ƙasa da tarkacen mai an yi su ne da baƙin ƙarfe. Akwai hutu a ƙasan fistan wanda ke hana bawul da piston tuntuɓar lokacin da sarkar lokaci ta karye. Matsakaicin matsawa na injin shine 8,1: 1, don haka wutar lantarki baya buƙatar amfani da man fetur mai girma-octane.
Irin waɗannan mafita na ƙira sun ba da damar ƙirƙirar injin mai ƙarancin sauri tare da santsi, "tractor" turawa a kusan dukkanin saurin gudu, wanda ya dace da aiki na dogon lokaci a cikin yanayi mai wahala. A lokaci guda kuma, motar da wannan injin konewa na ciki ba ta jin kamar baƙon jiki a kan babbar hanya ma. Naúrar wutar lantarki ta 1FZ-F ta kasance akan layin taro har zuwa 1997.
An saka motar 1FZ-FE zuwa samarwa a ƙarshen 1992. A kan shi, maimakon carburetor, an yi amfani da allurar man da aka rarraba. An haɓaka rabon matsawa zuwa 9,0:1. Tun daga shekara ta 2000, tsarin kunna wutar lantarki mara lamba tare da mai rarraba injinan an maye gurbinsu da coils ɗin kunnawa ɗaya. Gabaɗaya, an sanya coils 3 akan motar, kowanne yana yin hidimar silinda 2. Wannan makirci yana ba da gudummawa ga mafi kyawu da haɓaka amincin tsarin ƙonewa.
Ana yin la'akari da tsarin sanyaya a hankali, kuma yana ba da zafin aiki a cikin kewayon 84 - 100 ºC. Injin baya tsoron zafi. Ko da tsayin motsi a cikin ƙananan ginshiƙai a cikin yanayin zafi baya haifar da injin ya wuce yanayin zafin da aka saita. Famfu na ruwa da madaidaicin ana tuka su ta bel masu siffa daban-daban, kowanne sanye yake da masu tayar da hankali. Daidaita rollers na tashin hankali na waɗannan bel ɗin inji ne.
Motocin jerin 1FZ sun tabbatar da kansu daga mafi kyawun gefen dangane da dogaro da dorewa. Masu zanen kaya ba su yi wani kuskure ba a cikin ci gaban injin konewa na ciki, kuma masu fasahar fasaha sun dace da duk abin da ke cikin ƙarfe. Na’urar samar da wutar lantarki ta bayar da gagarumar gudunmawa wajen daukaka martabar mota kirar Toyota Land Cruiser 70, wadda ta shahara wajen rashin lalacewa. Amfanin Inji:
- sauƙi da amincin zane;
- nisan miloli don sakewa tare da kulawa mai kyau - aƙalla kilomita dubu 500;
- babban karfin juyi a ƙananan gudu;
- kiyayewa.
Rashin hasara sun haɗa da yawan amfani da mai, wanda shine lita 15-25 na man fetur A-92 a kowace kilomita 100. Tare da wadannan Motors, wani halayyar drawback na Toyota injuna ya fara, kuma har yanzu akwai, shi ne famfo yayyo. A irin waɗannan lokuta, ana bada shawara don maye gurbin taro tare da taro na asali.
Bugu da kari, ana buƙatar canjin mai akai-akai. Ana canza shi kowane kilomita dubu 7-10, dangane da yanayin aiki. Man da aka ba da shawarar shine roba 5W-30, 10W-30, 15W-40. Ruwan ruwa - 7,4 lita.
Технические характеристики
Teburin yana nuna wasu halayen fasaha na raka'o'in wutar lantarki na jerin 1FZ:
| Alamar injiniya | 1FZ-F |
|---|---|
| Tsarin wutar lantarki | Carburetor |
| Yawan silinda | 6 |
| Yawan bawul a kowane silinda | 4 |
| Matsakaicin matsawa | 8,1:1 |
| Volumearar injin, cm3 | 4476 |
| Power, hp / rpm | 197 / 4600 (190 / 4400) |
| Karfin juyi, Nm / rpm | 363/2800 |
| Fuel | 92 |
| hanya | 500 + |
Yiwuwar kunnawa
Injin 1FZ-FE baya son babban revs da yawa, don haka haɓaka su don cimma babban iko ba shi da ma'ana. Da farko, ƙarancin matsawa yana ba ku damar shigar da turbocharger ba tare da canza ƙungiyar piston ba.
Musamman ga wannan motar, kamfanin tuning TRD ya saki turbocharger wanda ke ba ku damar ƙara ƙarfin har zuwa 300 hp. (da ƙari), yana sadaukar da juriya kaɗan.
Zurfafa tilastawa yana buƙatar maye gurbin crankshaft, wanda zai ƙara yawan aiki zuwa lita 5. Haɗe tare da turbocharger overpressure, wannan canjin yana ba da mota mai nauyi tare da ƙarfin motsa jiki na motar motsa jiki, amma tare da asarar albarkatu da tsadar kayan aiki.
Dama don siyan injin kwangila
Abubuwan da ake bayarwa a kasuwa sun bambanta sosai. Kuna iya siyan injin, farawa daga adadin daidai da dubu 60 rubles. Amma yana da wuya a sami injunan konewa na ciki tare da albarkatu mai kyau, tunda irin waɗannan injin ɗin ba a samar da su na dogon lokaci ba kuma suna da babban fitarwa.
