Injin Hyundai, Kia D4CB
Abubuwa
Masu ginin injuna na Koriya sun haɓaka kuma sun sanya wani jerin injunan dizal na dangin A. An sake canza ƙirar tushe don takamaiman nau'ikan motocin Hyundai da Kia. A lokacin rubutawa, akwai gyare-gyare 10 daban-daban na wannan injin.
Bayanin injin
An kera D4CB 2,5 CRDI tun 2001 a Koriya kawai a wata masana'anta a Incheon. Kamfanin mallakar Hyundai Motor Corporation ne. Canje-canje a cikin zane an yi sau biyu. (Tsarin man fetur da BOSCH ya haɓaka an maye gurbinsa da DELPHI). Haɓakawa ya ba da damar matsawa zuwa mafi girman matsayin muhalli.
An sanya injin akan motocin da Koriya ta kera:
Katangar Silinda, da kuma magudanar shaye-shaye, an jefar da baƙin ƙarfe. Shugaban Silinda da nau'in kayan abinci an yi su ne da gami da aluminium.
Fuskokin Silinda suna murƙushewa. Ƙungiyoyin konewa sun ɗan ƙara girma. An sauƙaƙe wannan ta hanyar mahimmancin diamita na Silinda da bugun jini.
Pistons an yi su ne da gawa na aluminum ba tare da abubuwan da ke ƙarfafa ƙarfe ba.
Shugaban Silinda yana da camshafts guda biyu da bawuloli huɗu (don rarraba iskar gas DOHC).
Motar lokaci, famfon allura, madaidaicin raƙuman ruwa da famfo mai sarƙoƙi ( sarƙoƙi 3).
Don sauƙaƙe tabbatarwa da daidaitaccen aiki na tsarin rarraba iskar gas, murfin yana sanye da ma'auni na hydraulic.
Gilashin ma'auni da aka shigar sun sami nasarar jimre wa damping na inertial sojojin na oda na 2 yayin aikin injin. A sakamakon haka, girgizar ba ta zama sananne ba, an rage yawan amo.
Tsarin samar da mai tare da allurar mai na lantarki (Common Rail Delphi). Inganta injin a cikin wannan jagorar ya haifar da fa'idodi da yawa ( tanadin mai, sauƙin farawa a ƙananan yanayin zafi, da sauransu). Wani ci gaba mai ban sha'awa na zamani shine haɓakar ƙa'idodin shaye-shaye. Yanzu sun bi ka'idar Euro 5.
Shigar da turbocharger tare da intercooler ya ba da damar ƙara ƙarfin zuwa 170 hp.
Технические характеристики
Injin layin A II yana da gyare-gyare 10. Kowannensu ya yi daidai da wani nau'i da alamar motar da aka sanya ta. Teburin ya taƙaita bayanai na manyan gyare-gyare guda biyu - masu sha'awar (116 hp) da turbocharged (170 hp).
| Mai masana'anta | Hyundai Motor Corporation girma |
|---|---|
| nau'in injin | layi-layi |
| girma, cm³ | 2497 |
| Arfi, hp | 116-170 * |
| Karfin juyi, Nm | 245-441 |
| Matsakaicin matsawa | 16,4-17,7 |
| Filin silinda | baƙin ƙarfe |
| Shugaban silinda | aluminum |
| Yawan silinda | 4 |
| Silinda diamita, mm | 91 |
| Bugun jini, mm | 96 |
| Bawuloli a kowace silinda | 4 |
| Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa | + |
| The oda daga cikin silinda | 1-3-4-2 |
| Damping vibration | ma'auni shafts |
| Tukin lokaci | sarkar |
| Tsarin rarraba gas | DOHC |
| Tsarin samar da mai | Rail gama gari (CRDI)** |
| Fuel | DT (dizal) |
| Amfanin mai, l / 100 km | Daga 7,9 zuwa 15,0 *** |
| Tsarin shafawa, l | 4,5 |
| Amfanin mai, l/1000 km | Har zuwa 0,6 |
| Turbocharging | +/- |
| Musamman tace | + |
| Yawan guba | Yuro 3 - Yuro 5 |
| Coolant zafin aiki, deg. | 95 |
| Tsarin sanyaya | tilastawa |
| Location: | na tsaye |
| Albarkatu, waje. km | 250 + |
| Nauyin kilogiram | 117 |
* Lambobin farko don injin tare da WGT turbocharger, na biyu don VGT. ** 1st - tsarin wutar lantarki na BOSCH, na biyu - DELPHI. *** ya dogara da firmware ECU.
Amincewa, rauni, kiyayewa
Kalmomi kaɗan game da mahimman alamomin naúrar wutar lantarki, suna nuna aikinta.
AMINCI
Amincewar injin yana tattare da abubuwa da yawa. Bari mu yi la’akari da wasu cikinsu.
Silinda block, Silinda shugaban, crankshaft, haɗa sanduna (ban da waɗanda kerarre a 2008-2009) da pistons ba su haifar da matsaloli, an dauke su quite amintacce. Sauran sassa da majalisai suna buƙatar ƙarin zurfin tunani.
Motar lokaci ta ƙunshi sarƙoƙi guda uku. Lokacin da aka ayyana aikin su shine kilomita dubu 200-250. A gaskiya, an rage shi sosai, wani lokacin da rabi. Irin wannan bambance-bambancen shine na yau da kullun ga injina tare da aiki mai tsauri da “yanci” halatta yayin kiyaye su. Wannan yana nufin gazawar saduwa da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun aiki, ba aiwatar da duk ayyukan ba, maye gurbin ruwan aiki da masana'anta suka ba da shawarar tare da analogues masu ban sha'awa, cin zarafi daban-daban na tsarin fasaha yayin kiyayewa.
Kammalawa: tare da inganci mai inganci da ingantaccen lokaci na injin, sarƙoƙi na lokaci zasu cika albarkatun su.
Masu ɗagawa na hydraulic suna buƙatar ɗan kulawa. Ya isa ya zubar da ƙananan man fetur a cikin injin, kuma matsalolin bawul ba zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo ba.
Musamman m akan injin shine zoben tagulla na allurar. Rushewarsu (ƙonawa) na iya haifar da gazawar injin gaba ɗaya. Kula da yanayin su bayan kilomita dubu 45-50. nisan mil zai guje wa matsaloli masu tsanani a cikin injin.
Kumburi na gaba da ke buƙatar kulawa shine turbocharger. Rayuwar sabis ɗin da aka ayyana na injin turbin ya wuce kilomita dubu 200. Amma a aikace, yawanci ana raba shi da rabi. Don hana wannan daga faruwa, ya isa ya kula da tsarin zafin jiki na aikin injin (kauce wa zafi mai zafi) kuma ya cika duk buƙatun masana'anta, musamman game da mai - yi amfani da abin da aka ba da shawarar kawai, a daidai adadin kuma maye gurbinsa. a kan lokaci.
Akwai kawai ƙarewa ɗaya kawai: injin yana da aminci, amma lokacin da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don shi sun cika.
Raunuka masu rauni
Duk da babban amincin injin konewa na ciki gaba ɗaya, akwai rauni a ciki. Babban gazawar sune kamar haka.
- ji na ƙwarai da high matsa lamba man famfo da kuma allura tsarin zuwa man fetur ingancin;
- halakar da sauri na zoben jan ƙarfe na injectors;
- m lalacewa na crankshaft liners;
- high aiki halin kaka.
allura famfo da
Tsarin Rail na gama gari kwata-kwata ba zai iya tsayawa rashin ingancin man dizal ba. Kuma gyaran su ba shi da arha.
Zoben bututun ƙarfe na jan ƙarfe yana fuskantar lalacewa cikin sauri. Ga abin da take kaiwa - don bayyana shi ne superfluous.
Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su na crankshaft bearings suna da saurin lalacewa, samfurori wanda ke toshe tashoshin mai. Sakamakon haka, ana tabbatar da ɗumamar injuna da ƙãra lalacewa daga saman shafaffu na cikakken yawancin sassa da taruka.
Matsakaicin nisan tsakanin kulawa na yau da kullun ba shi da tsayi. A gefe guda, yana da kyau ga injin. Amma irin wannan yanayin ba ya kawo farin ciki ga mai shi - MOT ba kyauta ba ne.
Ragowar wuraren rauni na motar suna bayyana ƙasa akai-akai. Misali, toshe mai karban mai. Yana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa.
Sau da yawa, ana samun hutu a cikin sarƙoƙi na lokaci, musamman na ƙasa, wanda ke watsa juyi zuwa famfo mai da ma'auni. Tare da shi, babban ya kasa.
Masu biyan kuɗi na hydraulic, bawul ɗin USR, da tsarin canza jumhuriyar ɗigon turbocharger suna da ƙarancin rayuwar sabis.
An kawar da ɓarna mai ban sha'awa a baya, kamar karyewar sandar haɗi. Saboda rashin ingancin igiyoyi masu haɗawa (auren masana'anta), an tuna da sassan 2008-2009.
A kan injunan da aka kera bayan 2006, an yi rikodin keɓantattun lokuta na hawan injector. Halin wannan al'amari, da rashin alheri, har yanzu ba a bayyana shi ba.
Mahimmanci
Ƙaddamar da injin yana da gamsarwa. Maimakon hadaddun. Gaskiyar ita ce, shingen Silinda ba ya da hannu. Juyawa da honing saman aiki, idan ya cancanta, dole ne a aiwatar da shi a cikin toshe. Waɗannan ayyuka suna buƙatar nagartaccen kayan aikin inji. Bugu da kari, akwai bukatar tilasta nika na Silinda shugaban wurin zama saman da kuma toshe kanta, tun da gasket tsakanin su na karfe ne, watau. rashin raguwa.
A lokaci guda, shigarwa na hannayen riga yana yiwuwa. Sauya wasu sassa da taro tare da kowane nau'in gyara ba shi da wahala.
Dokokin sabis
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, injin 4L HYUNDAI D2,5CB yana da matukar dacewa ga lokaci da cikar kulawar sa. Mai sana'anta tabbatarwa ya haɓaka wasu shawarwari waɗanda ke buƙatar ɗorewa mai ƙarfi. Amma a nan kuna buƙatar la'akari da yanayin aiki. Ba asiri ba ne cewa hanyoyin Rasha da ingancin mai da mai sun bambanta sosai da na Koriya. Kuma ba don mafi kyau ba.
Dangane da haƙiƙanin gaskiya, dole ne a rage sharuɗɗan maye gurbin duk abubuwan da ake amfani da su da sassa yayin kula da injin na gaba. Dangane da shawarwarin injinan sabis na mota da masu motocin da aka sanya injin dizal D4CB, akwai buƙatar daidaita lokacin kulawar su:
- maye gurbin tsarin lokaci bayan 100 dubu kilomita na gudu, sauran sassan - bayan 150 dubu kilomita;
- canza maganin daskarewa a cikin tsarin sanyaya sau ɗaya kowace shekara 1, kuma tare da yin amfani da mota mai ƙarfi bayan kilomita dubu 3;
- An maye gurbin man fetur a cikin injin yanayi bayan kilomita 7,5, kuma a cikin injin turbocharged - bayan kilomita 5. A lokaci guda kuma, ana canza tace mai;
- canza matatun mai bayan kilomita dubu 30, matattarar iska - sau ɗaya a shekara;
- don kauce wa ci gaba na iskar gas zuwa waje, bayan kilomita dubu 20, tsaftace tsarin iskar gas na crankcase;
- yana da kyau a sabunta matosai masu haske a kowace shekara, da baturi kamar yadda ake bukata, amma ba daga baya bayan 60 dubu kilomita na motar motar.
Haka kuma, ya kamata a la'akari da cewa a cikin yanayin sabunta injina (misali, kunnawa), ya kamata a rage sharuɗɗan kulawa.
Ana iya samun cikakken bayani game da abun ciki na aikin da aka yi yayin nau'ikan kulawa na gaba a cikin Manual ɗin Aiki don abin hawan ku.
Yin duk wani kulawa yana da ɗan tsada, amma gyara ko maye gurbin injin gabaɗayan zai zama tsada sosai.
Yanki mai da hankali
Tsarin lubrication na injin yana daya daga cikin mafi mahimmanci, yana buƙatar kulawa mafi kusa. Duk aikin naúrar gaba ɗaya ya dogara da yanayinta.
Wane irin mai za a zuba
Ga kowane samfurin injin, masana'anta suna nuna takamaiman nau'in mai don cika tsarin da adadin sa. Mafi karbuwar mai don injunan konewa na ciki na D4CB sune SAE 5W-30 ko 5W-40 mai daraja mai danko, alal misali, Castrol Magnatec Diesel 5W-40 V 4 (PDF) mai injin roba. Ana iya amfani da ƙari don inganta halaye da kayan shafawa na mai.
Lokacin siyan mai, kula da alamar sa don kada a yi kuskure a cika man da aka yi nufin injin mai.
Tunani
Kuna iya kunna motar ta hanyoyi uku:
- kunna guntu ta canza saitunan ECU;
- kashe bawul ɗin EGR;
- shigarwa na kwalin fedal-akwatin daga tsarin DTE.
A ka'ida, yana yiwuwa a ƙara iko a wata hanya - ta hanyar gundura da shugaban Silinda, amma a aikace bai sami aikace-aikace mai fadi ba.
Gyaran guntu ta hanyar canza saitunan ECU ana yin su a matakai biyu. A mataki na farko, an cire duk hane-hane da masana'anta suka shimfida a cikin na'urorin lantarki masu sarrafawa. A karo na biyu, sabon shirin yana "cika" (filin kwamfuta).
Sakamakon waɗannan magudi, za a rage ma'aunin muhalli zuwa kusan Yuro 2/3, amma ƙarfin zai ƙaru kaɗan. Bisa ga sake dubawa na waɗanda suka yi guntu tuning ta wannan hanya, da karuwa a cikin injin da aka sani an ji riga a matsakaici gudu. A kan hanyar, girgizar da aka sani a baya ta ɓace tare da raguwa a cikin sauri. Bugu da ƙari, an lura da raguwar amfani da man fetur a ƙananan gudu, duk da haka, karuwarsa a cikin babban gudu.
Kashe bawul ɗin EGR (canjin sake zagayawa) yana ba ku damar ƙara ƙarfi da kusan 10 hp.
Hanya ta zamani kuma mai rahusa don daidaita injin ita ce haɗa tsarin DTE-systems pedal-box module. Shigar da mai ƙara DTE PEDALBOX yana yiwuwa akan motocin da ke da da'irar sarrafa wutar lantarki don PPT (pedal mai haɓakawa). A wannan yanayin, ba a keta saitunan ECU ba. Shigar da tsarin zai ƙara ƙarfin injin zuwa 8%. Amma a lokaci guda, ba za a manta da cewa wannan zaɓin kunnawa don fedar samar da man fetur tare da injin inji don sarrafa famfo mai matsa lamba ba abu ne da ba a yarda da shi ba.
Daidaita injin dan kadan yana ƙara ƙarfinsa da jujjuyawar sa. Amma a lokaci guda, yana ƙara nauyi akan rukunin Silinda-piston. Mummunan tasirin yana ɗan raguwa ta hanyar canjin mai akai-akai, amma wannan baya kawo fa'ida sosai ga CPG.
Sayen injin kwangila
Siyan kwangilar D4CB abu ne mai sauƙi. Bugu da ƙari, tare da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su, ana sayar da sababbin injuna gaba ɗaya.
Farashin daga 80 zuwa 200 dubu rubles. don amfani da injuna. Sabbin za su kashe kusan 70 dubu rubles. tsada.
Don tunani: Ana iya siyan sabon D4CB a ƙasashen waje akan Yuro 3800.
Injin dizal Kia D4CB an rarraba shi sosai a cikin Rasha da sauran ƙasashen CIS. Yana da kyawawan halaye na fasaha don ajinsa, kasuwa yana ba da shi gabaɗaya tare da kayan gyara, abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da majalisai (duka masu amfani da sababbi) don kulawa ko gyarawa.
