FSI (Volkswagen) engine - abin da irin engine ne, halaye

Injin FSI shine tsarin da ya fi dacewa da zamani da muhalli, wanda muka fi sani da allura kai tsaye. An kirkiro wannan tsarin ne a farkon shekarun 2000 ta Volkswagen kuma an yi amfani da shi ga motocin Audi. Sauran masu kera motoci suma sun aiwatar da ci gaban su ta wannan hanyar, kuma ana amfani da sauran gajarce don injinan su:

Renault - IDE;
Alfa Romeo - JTS;
Mercedes - CGI;
Mitsubishi - GDI;
Ford - EcoBoost da sauransu.

Amma duk waɗannan injuna an gina su akan ka'ida ɗaya.

Siffofin wannan nau'in injin sune kamar haka:

kasancewar nau'ikan kwararar mai guda biyu - ƙananan da'irori mai ƙarfi;
famfon mai da aka shigar kai tsaye a cikin tanki yana fitar da mai a cikin tsarin a matsa lamba na kusan 0,5 MPa, ana sarrafa aikin famfo ta sashin kulawa;
famfon mai yana fitar da adadin man da aka auna kawai, wannan adadin ana ƙididdige shi ta hanyar na'ura mai sarrafawa bisa ga bayanai daga na'urori daban-daban, bugun jini da ke shiga cikin famfo ya sa ya yi aiki da ƙarfi ko žasa.

Matsakaicin matsa lamba yana da alhakin kai tsaye don samar da shingen Silinda tare da man fetur. Ana zuga man fetur a cikin dogo ta hanyar famfon mai ƙarfi. Matsin lamba a cikin tsarin a nan ya kai alamar 10-11 MPa. Ramp bututu ne mai sarrafa mai tare da nozzles a ƙarshensa, kowane bututun ƙarfe a ƙarƙashin babban matsin lamba yana shigar da adadin da ake buƙata na mai kai tsaye cikin ɗakunan konewa na pistons. Man fetur yana haɗe da iska a cikin ɗakin konewa, kuma ba a cikin nau'in kayan abinci ba, kamar yadda a cikin tsofaffin nau'in carburetor da injunan allura. A cikin shingen Silinda, cakuda iskar man fetur ya fashe a ƙarƙashin aikin babban matsin lamba da walƙiya, kuma yana saita pistons a cikin motsi.

Muhimman abubuwa na da'irar babban matsin lamba sune:

mai kula da matsa lamba na man fetur - yana ba da daidaitaccen adadin man fetur;
aminci da bawul ɗin kewayawa - suna ba ku damar guje wa hauhawar matsa lamba a cikin tsarin, fitarwa yana faruwa ta hanyar sakin iskar gas mai yawa ko man fetur daga tsarin;
firikwensin matsa lamba - yana auna matakin matsa lamba a cikin tsarin kuma yana ciyar da wannan bayanin zuwa sashin sarrafawa.

Kamar yadda kake gani, godiya ga irin wannan tsarin na'urar, ya zama mai yiwuwa don adana adadin man fetur da aka cinye. Duk da haka, don aikin haɗin gwiwar da kyau, ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar shirye-shiryen sarrafawa masu rikitarwa da kuma cika motar da kowane nau'in na'urori masu auna sigina. Rashin gazawa a cikin aikin naúrar sarrafawa ko kowane na'urori masu auna firikwensin na iya haifar da yanayin da ba a zata ba.

Har ila yau, injunan allura kai tsaye suna da matukar damuwa ga ingancin tsabtace man fetur, don haka ana sanya buƙatu masu yawa akan matatun mai, wanda dole ne a canza shi daidai da umarnin da ke cikin littafin motar.

Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci cewa irin waɗannan injuna suna samar da kusan cikakkiyar konewar man fetur, bi da bi, mafi ƙarancin adadin abubuwa masu cutarwa suna fitowa cikin iska tare da iskar gas. Godiya ga irin waɗannan ƙirƙira, yana yiwuwa a inganta yanayin muhalli sosai a cikin ƙasashen Turai, Arewacin Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Asiya.

A cikin wannan bidiyon za ku ga kuma ku ji yadda injin FSI mai dumi na lita 2 ke aiki tare da gudu na kilomita dubu 100.