Duel na Bouvet da Meteora a Havana 1870

Duel na Bouvet da Meteora. Lokaci na ƙarshe na yaƙin - Bouvet da ya lalace ya bar fagen fama a ƙarƙashin jirgin ruwa, jirgin ruwan Meteor ya bi shi.

Ayyukan sojan ruwa a lokacin Yaƙin Franco-Jamus na 1870-1871 sun kasance kaɗan ne kawai na ƙananan mahimmanci. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne wani karo kusa da Havana, Cuba, a wancan lokacin a Spain, wanda ya faru a watan Nuwamba 1870 tsakanin Prussian gunboat Meteor da Faransa gunboat Bouvet.

Yakin da ya yi nasara da Ostiriya a 1866 da kuma samar da Tarayyar Jamus ta Arewa ya sanya Prussia ta zama ɗan takara na halitta don haɗewar dukkan Jamus. Matsaloli guda biyu ne kawai suka tsaya cak: halayen Jamus ta Kudu, galibin ƙasashen Katolika, waɗanda ba sa son sake haɗewa, da Faransa, wacce ke tsoron tada ma'aunin Turai. Da yake son kashe tsuntsaye biyu da dutse daya, firaministan Prussia, mai jiran gado na Reich Otto von Bismarck, ya tunzura Faransa ta dauki mataki kan Prussia, ta yadda kasashen Jamus ta Kudu ba su da wani zabi illa shiga su, ta yadda za su ba da gudummawar aiwatarwa. na shirin haɗin kai na kansila. A sakamakon haka, a yakin da aka ayyana a hukumance a ranar 19 ga Yuli, 1870, kusan dukkanin Jamus sun nuna adawa da Faransa, kodayake har yanzu ba a haɗa kai ba.

An warware yakin da sauri a ƙasa, inda sojojin Prussian da abokansa ke da fa'ida sosai, masu yawa kamar

da kungiyance, akan sojojin Faransa. A cikin teku, halin da ake ciki ya kasance akasin haka - Faransanci yana da fa'ida mai yawa, tare da toshe tashar jiragen ruwa na Prussian a Arewa da Baltic Seas tun farkon yakin. Wannan gaskiyar, duk da haka, ba ta shafi yanayin tashin hankali ba ta kowace hanya, sai dai an ware yanki ɗaya na gaba da 4 na ƙasa (watau tsaron ƙasa) don kare gabar tekun Prussian. Bayan shan kashin da Faransawa suka yi a Sedan da kuma bayan kama Napoleon na III da kansa (2 ga Satumba, 1870), an ɗage wannan shingen, kuma an tuno da ƴan wasan zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na gida don ma'aikatansu su ƙarfafa sojojin da ke yaƙi a ƙasa.

Abokan adawar

Bouvet ('yar'uwar raka'a - Guichen da Bruat) an gina shi azaman sanarwa na 2nd (Aviso de 1866ème classe) don manufar yin hidima a cikin yankunan, nesa da ruwa na asali. Masu zanen su sune Vesignier da La Selle. Saboda nau'ikan dabara da fasaha iri ɗaya, ana kuma rarraba shi a matsayin jirgin ruwa, kuma a cikin adabin Anglo-Saxon a matsayin sloop. Dangane da manufarsa, jirgin ruwa ne mai saurin gaske tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwanƙwasa da kyakkyawan aikin tuƙi. Nan da nan bayan kammala ginin, a watan Yuni na XNUMX, an aika ta zuwa ruwa na Mexico, inda ta zama wani ɓangare na tawagar da aka ajiye a can, yana tallafawa ayyukan Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Faransa.

Bayan kawo karshen yakin "Mexican" an aika Bouvet zuwa ruwan Haiti, inda ya kamata ya kare muradun Faransa, idan ya cancanta, a lokacin yakin basasa da ke gudana a kasar. Tun Maris 1869, ya kasance kullum a Martinique, inda aka kama shi a farkon yakin Franco-Prussian.

Meteor na ɗaya daga cikin kwale-kwalen bindiga takwas Chamäleon (Camäleon, a cewar E. Gröner) wanda aka gina don Navy na Prussian a 1860-1865. Sun kasance wani nau'i mai girma na 15 na Jäger-class gunboats wanda aka tsara bayan Birtaniya "kwale-kwalen bindigogi" da aka gina a lokacin yakin Crimean (1853-1856). Kamar su, ana ba da kwale-kwalen bindiga na Chamaleon don ayyukan da ba su da zurfi a bakin teku. Babban manufarsu ita ce su tallafa wa sojojinsu na kasa da kuma lalata wuraren da suke gabar teku, don haka suna da gawarwaki kadan amma ginannun gawa, wadanda za su iya daukar manyan makamai masu girman gaske. Domin su sami damar yin aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin ruwan teku mara zurfi, suna da ƙasa mai lebur, wanda, duk da haka, yana da matuƙar cutar da ingancinsu a cikin ruwaye. Har ila yau, gudun ba shi da karfi na waɗannan raka'a, saboda, ko da yake a ka'idar za su iya kaiwa 9 knots, tare da dan kadan ya fi girma, saboda rashin ingancin ruwa, ya ragu zuwa iyakar 6-7 knots.

Saboda matsalolin kudi, an ƙara kammala aikin akan Meteor har zuwa 1869. Bayan da jirgin ya shiga aikin, a watan Satumba an aika shi zuwa Caribbean, inda ya kamata ya wakilci bukatun Jamus. A lokacin bazara na 1870, ta yi aiki a cikin ruwan Venezuelan, kuma kasancewarta, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, don shawo kan ƙaramar hukuma don biyan bukatunsu ga gwamnatin Prussian a baya.