Firikwensin matsayi na Camshaft, ayyukansa a cikin injin konewa na ciki

Injunan zamani suna da ƙira mai sarƙaƙƙiya kuma ana sarrafa su ta ƙungiyar sarrafa lantarki (ECU) tana karɓar bayanai daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin. Kowane firikwensin yana lura da wasu sigogi waɗanda ke nuna yanayin aikin injin a halin yanzu, kuma yana watsa bayanai zuwa ECU. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu dubi daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci sassa na engine management tsarin - camshaft matsayi firikwensin (DPRS).

Menene firikwensin matsayi na camshaft

DPRV na nufin firikwensin matsayi na camshaft. Wasu sunaye: Hall firikwensin, firikwensin lokaci ko CMP (gajartawar Turanci). Daga sunan ya bayyana a fili cewa yana da hannu a cikin aikin aikin rarraba iskar gas. Fiye da daidai, tsarin yana ƙididdige madaidaicin allurar mai da lokacin kunnawa bisa bayanansa.

Wannan firikwensin yana amfani da ƙarfin isar da wutar lantarki - 5V, kuma abin da yake ji shine firikwensin Hall. Ba ya ƙayyade lokacin allura ko kunnawa, amma yana ba da bayanai kawai game da lokacin da piston ya isa TDC a cikin silinda ta farko. Dangane da waɗannan bayanan, ana ƙididdige lokacin allurar da tsawon lokacin.

A cikin aikinsa, an haɗa DPRV da aiki zuwa firikwensin matsayi na crankshaft (DPKV), wanda kuma ke da alhakin aiwatar da ingantaccen tsarin kunnawa. Idan saboda wasu dalilai rashin aiki na firikwensin camshaft ya faru, to za a yi la'akari da bayanan firikwensin crankshaft. Sigina daga DPKV ya fi mahimmanci a cikin aikin kunnawa da tsarin allura; ba tare da shi ba, injin ba zai yi aiki ba.

Ana amfani da DPRV a cikin duk injuna na zamani, gami da injunan konewa na ciki tare da madaidaicin lokacin bawul. Dangane da ƙirar injin ɗin, an shigar da shi a cikin shugaban Silinda.

Tasirin Hall da ƙirar DPRV

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, firikwensin yana aiki akan tasirin Hall. An gano wannan tasiri a cikin karni na 19 ta masanin kimiyya na wannan sunan. Ya lura cewa idan madaidaicin wutar lantarki yana gudana ta cikin faranti na bakin ciki kuma an sanya shi a fagen aikin maganadisu na dindindin, to ana haifar da bambanci mai yuwuwa a sauran ƙarshensa. Wannan yana nufin cewa a ƙarƙashin aikin induction na maganadisu, wasu electrons suna karkatar da su kuma suna haifar da ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki a sauran gefuna na farantin (Hall voltage). Ana amfani dashi azaman sigina.

An tsara DPRV ta hanya ɗaya, amma a cikin ingantaccen tsari. Yana ƙunshe da maganadisu na dindindin da semiconductor wanda ake haɗa fil huɗu zuwa gare shi. Ana ciyar da siginar zuwa shigarwar haɗin haɗin gwiwar, inda aka sarrafa shi sannan kuma a ciyar da shi zuwa lambobin fitarwa na firikwensin, wanda ke kan ɗakin firikwensin. Jikin kansa na roba ne.

Yadda firikwensin matsayi na camshaft ke aiki

Ana ɗora faifan tuƙi ( dabaran motsa jiki) akan camshaft daga gefen kishiyar DPRV. Bi da bi, akwai na musamman hakora ko protrusions a camshaft drive disk. Lokacin da waɗannan abubuwan haɓaka suka wuce ta firikwensin DPRV, yana haifar da sigina na dijital na nau'i na musamman, wanda ke nuna bugun jini na yanzu a cikin silinda.

Wajibi ne don sanin aikin firikwensin camshaft daidai daidai tare da DPKV. Juyi biyu na crankshaft yayi daidai da juyi ɗaya na camshaft. Wannan shine sirrin daidaita tsarin allura da kunna wuta. A wasu kalmomi, DPRV da DPKV suna nuna lokacin bugun bugun jini a cikin silinda ta farko.

Fayil ɗin crankshaft yana da hakora 58, don haka lokacin wucewa ta wurin da hakora biyu suka ɓace ta hanyar firikwensin crankshaft, tsarin yana bincika sigina daga DPRV da DPKV kuma yana ƙayyade lokacin allura a cikin silinda ta farko. Bayan hakora 30, allura na faruwa, alal misali, a cikin silinda ta uku, sannan zuwa na hudu da na biyu. Wannan shine yadda aiki tare ke aiki. Duk waɗannan sigina bugun jini ne kuma sashin kula da injin na karantawa. Ana iya ganin su kawai akan oscillogram.

Asalin firikwensin rashin aiki

Ya kamata a ce nan da nan cewa idan na'urar firikwensin camshaft ya kasa, injin zai ci gaba da aiki da farawa, amma tare da jinkiri.

Symptomsila alamun rashin aiki na DPRV na iya nunawa ta waɗannan alamun bayyanar:

• ƙara yawan amfani da man fetur saboda rashin aiki tare da tsarin allura;
• motar ta yi rawar jiki kuma ta yi hasarar kuzari;
• wani m hasara na iko, mota ba zai iya hanzarta;
• injin ba ya farawa nan da nan, amma tare da jinkiri na 2-3 seconds ko rumfuna;
• tsarin kunnawa yana aiki tare da wucewa;
• kwamfutar da ke kan jirgi ta ba da kuskure, hasken Injin Duba yana kunne.

Waɗannan alamun na iya nuna cewa RPP ba ta aiki da kyau, amma kuma yana iya nuna wasu matsaloli. Wajibi ne don gudanar da bincike a cikin sabis.

Dalilan gazawar DPRV:

• lamba da/ko gazawar wayoyi;
• ana iya samun guntu ko lanƙwasa a kan fitowar diski tare da hakora, saboda abin da firikwensin ya karanta bayanan da ba daidai ba;
• lalacewar firikwensin kansa.

Na'urar firikwensin kanta ba kasafai take kasawa ba.

Hanyoyin bincike na firikwensin

Kamar kowane firikwensin tasirin zauren, ba za a iya gwada firikwensin matsayi na camshaft ta hanyar auna wutar lantarki a fadin fil tare da multimeter ba. Za'a iya samun cikakken hoton aikin sa ta hanyar duba shi da oscilloscope. Tsarin igiyar igiyar ruwa zai nuna bugun jini da dips. Hakanan kuna buƙatar samun ɗan ilimi da gogewa don karanta bayanan sigar igiyar ruwa. Kwararren gwani na iya yin hakan a tashar sabis ko cibiyar sabis.

Idan an gano rashin aiki, ana maye gurbin firikwensin da sabo, ba a samar da gyara ba.

DPRV tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kunnawa da tsarin allura. Rashinsa yana haifar da matsaloli a cikin aikin injin. Lokacin da aka gano alamun cutar, yana da kyau a bincikar ƙwararrun kwararru.