Jiragen yaki masu saukar ungulu Kamow Ka-50 da Ka-52 part 1
Jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu Ka-50 yana aiki tare da cibiyar horar da jirgin sama na soja a Torzhek. A kololuwarta, Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Rasha ta yi amfani da Ka-50s shida kawai; sauran kuma an yi amfani da su ne don maimaitawa.
Jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu na Ka-52 na yaki ne na kera na musamman tare da rotors coaxial guda biyu, ma'aikatan jirgin biyu na zaune gefe da gefe a cikin kujerun fitarwa, tare da manyan makamai masu karfi da kayan kariya, kuma tare da tarihi mai ban mamaki. Sigarsa ta farko, helikwafta mai zaman kujeru guda Ka-50, ya fara kera shekaru 40 da suka gabata, a ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1982. Lokacin da jirgin mai saukar ungulu ya shirya don samar da jama'a, Rasha ta shiga cikin rikicin tattalin arziki mai zurfi kuma kuɗin ya ƙare. Bayan shekaru 20 kawai, a cikin 2011, an fara isar da saƙon zuwa rukunin soja na wani gyare-gyare mai zurfi, nau'in kujeru biyu na Ka-52. Tun a ranar 24 ga watan Fabrairun wannan shekara jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu Ka-52 ke taka rawa a hare-haren da Rasha ke kaiwa Ukraine.
A cikin rabin na biyu na shekarun 60, yakin Vietnam ya sami "haɓaka helikofta": yawan jirage masu saukar ungulu na Amurka a can ya karu daga 400 a 1965 zuwa 4000 a 1970. A cikin USSR, an lura da wannan kuma an koyi darussa. A ranar 29 ga Maris, 1967, Ofishin Mikhail Mil Design ya ba da umarnin haɓaka manufar jirgin sama mai yaƙi. Tunanin jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu na Tarayyar Soviet a wancan lokacin ya sha bamban da na kasashen yamma: ban da makamai kuma dole ne ya dauki tawagar sojoji. Wannan ra'ayin ya samo asali ne saboda sha'awar shugabannin sojojin Soviet bayan gabatar da motar yaki na BMP-1966 tare da halaye na musamman a cikin sojojin Soviet a cikin shekara ta 1st. Jirgin na BMP-1 yana dauke da sojoji takwas, yana da sulke kuma yana dauke da makamai masu linzami mai karfin 2-mm 28A73 da makami mai linzami na Malyutka. Amfani da shi ya buɗe sabbin hanyoyin dabara ga sojojin ƙasa. Daga nan ra'ayin ya taso don ci gaba har ma da masu zanen helikwafta sun ba da umarnin "motar fada mai tashi."
A cikin aikin helikwafta na Ka-25F na sojojin Nikolai Kamov, an yi amfani da injuna, akwatunan gear da rotors daga helikwafta na Ka-25. Ya sha kashi a gasar da jirgin Mikhail Mil na Mi-24.
Mikhail Mil kawai aka ba da izini a karon farko, kamar yadda Nikolai Kamov "koyaushe" ya yi helikofta na ruwa; ya yi aiki ne kawai tare da jiragen ruwa kuma ba a la'akari da jirgin sama na soja ba. Duk da haka, a lokacin da Nikolai Kamov koyi game da oda na soja yaƙi helikwafta, ya kuma ba da shawarar nasa aikin.
Kamfanin Kamov ya ƙera ƙirar Ka-25F (layi na gaba, dabara), yana mai da hankali kan ƙarancin farashi ta hanyar amfani da abubuwan sabon helikwaftan jiragen ruwa na Ka-25, wanda aka samar da yawa a masana'antar Ulan-Ude tun Afrilu 1965. Siffar ƙira ta Ka-25 ita ce rukunin wutar lantarki, babban kayan aiki da rotors wani tsari ne mai zaman kansa wanda za'a iya cire shi daga fuselage. Kamow ya ba da shawarar yin amfani da wannan tsarin a cikin sabon jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu na sojoji kuma ya ƙara sabon jiki kawai. A cikin jirgin, matukin jirgin da maharbin sun zauna a gefe; sai kuma aka rike da sojoji 12. A cikin juzu'in yaƙi, maimakon sojoji, helikwafta na iya karɓar makamai masu linzami na yaƙi da kibau na waje. Ƙarƙashin fuselage a cikin shigarwar wayar hannu akwai igwa mai girman mm 23 GSh-23. Yayin da ake aiki a kan Ka-25F, ƙungiyar Kamov ta yi gwaji da Ka-25, inda aka cire radar da na'urorin hana ruwa ruwa da kuma UB-16-57 S-5 57-mm multi-shot roka harsashi. Masu zanen kaya sun tsara skid chassis na Ka-25F a matsayin mafi dorewa fiye da chassis. Daga baya, an yi la'akari da wannan a matsayin kuskure, tun da yin amfani da tsohon yana da ma'ana kawai don helikofta masu haske.
Ka-25F ya kamata ya zama karamin helikwafta; bisa ga aikin, yana da nauyin kilogiram 8000 da injunan gas guda biyu GTD-3F tare da ikon 2 x 671 kW (900 hp) wanda Ofishin Zane na Valentin Glushenkov ya kera a Omsk; A nan gaba, an yi niyyar ƙara su zuwa 932 kW (1250 hp). Duk da haka, yayin da aka aiwatar da aikin, bukatun soja sun karu kuma ba zai yiwu a iya gamsar da su ba a cikin tsarin girma da nauyin Ka-25. Alal misali, sojoji sun bukaci sulke na jirgin da matukin jirgi, wanda ba a cikin ainihin ƙayyadaddun bayanai ba. Injin GTD-3F ba zai iya jure irin wannan nauyin ba. A halin yanzu, tawagar Mikhail Mil bai iyakance kansa ga data kasance mafita da kuma ɓullo da Mi-24 helikofta (aikin 240) a matsayin gaba daya sabon bayani tare da biyu iko TV2-117 injuna da ikon 2 x 1119 kW (1500 hp). .
Don haka, Ka-25F ya yi rashin nasara ga Mi-24 a gasar zane. A ranar 6 ga Mayu, 1968, ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa na kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU da Majalisar Ministocin Tarayyar Soviet, an ba da umarnin sabon jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu na yaƙi a cikin Brigade na Mila. Tun da "babban fada abin hawa" ya kasance fifiko, samfurin "19" an gwada shi a watan Satumba na 1969, 240, kuma a cikin Nuwamba 1970 shuka a Arsenyev ya samar da Mi-24 na farko. Jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu a cikin gyare-gyare daban-daban an kera shi a cikin adadin fiye da kwafi 3700, kuma a cikin nau'in Mi-35M har yanzu ana samar da shi ta hanyar shuka a Rostov-on-Don.
