Benzene a cikin girma 126
A baya-bayan nan masanan kimiyar Australiya sun bayyana wani sinadari da ya dade yana jan hankalinsu. An yi imanin cewa sakamakon binciken zai yi tasiri ga sabbin ƙirar ƙwayoyin hasken rana, diodes masu fitar da hasken halitta da sauran fasahohin zamani masu zuwa waɗanda ke nuna amfani da benzene.
benzene mahadi sinadaran kwayoyin halitta daga rukunin fage. Shi ne mafi sauki carbocyclic tsaka tsaki aromatic hydrocarbon. Shi ne, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, wani bangaren DNA, sunadarai, itace da mai. Masana ilmin sinadarai sun kasance suna sha'awar matsalar tsarin benzene tun lokacin da aka ware wurin. A cikin 1865, masanin ilmin sunadarai na Jamus Friedrich August Kekule ya yi hasashen cewa benzene cyclohexatriene mai membobi shida ne wanda haɗin gwiwa guda da biyu ke musanya tsakanin carbon atoms.
Tun daga shekarun 30, an yi ta muhawara a da'irar sinadarai game da tsarin kwayoyin benzene. Wannan muhawara ta kara yin gaggawa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saboda benzene, wanda ya kunshi carbon atom guda shida da ke hade da atom din hydrogen guda shida, shi ne mafi karancin sanin kwayoyin da za a iya amfani da shi wajen samar da optoelectronics, fannin fasaha na gaba. .
Rigimar da ke tattare da tsarin kwayoyin halitta ya taso ne saboda, duk da cewa tana da ‘yan abubuwan da ake bukata na atomic, amma akwai shi a yanayin da ake siffanta shi ta hanyar lissafi ba da nau’i uku ko ma hudu ba (ciki har da lokaci), kamar yadda muka sani daga kwarewarmu, amma har zuwa 126 masu girma dabam.
Daga ina wannan lambar ta fito? Don haka, kowanne daga cikin electrons 42 da suka yi molecule ana siffanta su ta fuskoki uku, kuma ninka su da adadin barbashi yana ba da daidai 126. Don haka wadannan ba gaskiya ba ne, amma ma'aunin lissafi. Auna wannan hadadden tsari kuma dan kankanin tsari ya zuwa yanzu ya gagara, wanda hakan ke nufin ba a iya sanin hakikanin halayen electrons a cikin benzene. Kuma wannan matsala ce, domin idan ba tare da wannan bayanin ba ba zai yiwu a cikakken kwatanta kwanciyar hankali na kwayoyin a aikace-aikacen fasaha ba.
Yanzu, duk da haka, masana kimiyya karkashin jagorancin Timothy Schmidt na ARC Center of Excellence in Exciton Science da Jami'ar New South Wales a Sydney sun yi nasarar tona asirin. Tare da abokan aiki a UNSW da CSIRO Data61, ya yi amfani da wata ƙayyadaddun tsarin tushen algorithm mai suna Voronoi Metropolis Dynamic Sampling (DVMS) zuwa kwayoyin benzene don taswirar ayyukan tsayin su akan duka. 126 masu girma dabam. Wannan algorithm yana ba ku damar rarraba sararin sararin samaniya zuwa "tiles", kowannensu ya dace da permutations na matsayi na electrons. An buga sakamakon wannan binciken a cikin mujallar Nature Communications.
Wani abin sha'awa ga masana kimiyya shine fahimtar juzu'in na'urorin lantarki. "Abin da muka samu ya kasance abin mamaki sosai," in ji Farfesa Schmidt a cikin littafin. “Masu amfani da wutar lantarki a cikin carbon suna haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe zuwa ƙananan-makamashi masu girma dabam uku. Mahimmanci, yana rage kuzarin kwayoyin halitta, yana mai da shi kwanciyar hankali saboda turawa da ake yi da electrons da ake korawa”. Zaman lafiyar kwayar halitta, bi da bi, sifa ce mai kyawawa a aikace-aikacen fasaha.
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