Mafarkin Amurka, ko Labari na Dodge Brothers
Abubuwa
Labari na Dodge Brothers
Duk wani mai son wasan motsa jiki tabbas zai ji labarin mutane kamar John Francis da Horace Elgin Dodge. Godiya a gare su, an ƙirƙiri wurin zama na Dodge Brothers Bicycle & Machine Factory, yana samar da mafi girman abubuwan al'ajabi na kera wanda miliyoyin mutane suka yi mafarki da su. Haƙiƙan samfuran da babu shakka alamun Dodge Brothers manyan motoci ne masu ɗaukar kaya da SUV waɗanda suka shahara har abada, musamman a tsakanin Amurkawa.
Farawa mai wahala a cikin kasuwar kera motoci
Labarin 'yan'uwan Dodge yana kama da kowane labari na babban kamfani. Sun fara tun daga farko har suka kai kololuwar burinsu. Ɗaya daga cikin ’yan’uwa ya tuna da ƙuruciyarsa bayan shekaru da yawa da kalmomin: "Mu ne mafi talauci a cikin birni." Ƙaƙwalwar da suke yi da sadaukarwa da fasaha sun sa su zama majagaba a fagensu. John ya ƙware sosai a cikin al'amuran ƙungiya da kuɗi, kuma ƙaramin Horace ƙwararren mai zane ne. Babu shakka ’yan’uwa suna bin mahaifinsu bashi mai yawa, wanda ya nuna musu abubuwan da suka shafi kanikanci a cikin bitarsa. Sai dai yana cikin gyaran kwale-kwale, kuma sha'awar John da Horace shine farkon kekuna sannan kuma motoci.
Shekara ta 1897 ita ce mataki na farko na ’yan’uwa, domin a lokacin ne John ya soma aiki da wani mutum mai suna Evans. Tare suka yi kekuna masu ɗorawa da ƙwallo waɗanda ya kamata su fi tsayayya da datti. Yana da mahimmanci a nan cewa wani ɗan'uwa ne ya yi ɗaukar nauyi. Wannan shine yadda aka kafa Evans & Dodge Bicycle. Don haka, 'yan'uwan Dodge sun ɗauki shekaru huɗu don samun 'yancin kai na kuɗi kuma suyi aiki don nasarar su. A wani lokaci sun tsunduma cikin samar da kayayyakin gyara ga Olds iri, wanda ya kawo musu babbar daraja a kasuwar kera motoci.
Henry Ford da Kamfanin Motoci na Ford
1902 ya kasance babban ci gaba a cikin ayyukan John da Horace, saboda giant ɗin mota na zamani ya zo wurinsu kuma ya ba da haɗin gwiwa. Henry Ford ya yanke shawarar gaya wa ’yan’uwan kuma ya ba su hannun jarin kashi 10% na kamfaninsa na Motoci na Ford a musanya da gudummawar dala 10 ga kamfaninsa. Bugu da kari, John ya zama Mataimakin Shugaban kasa da Manajan Darakta. Yayin da shekaru suka shige, ’yan’uwan sun yi suna sosai. Shekaru takwas bayan kafa haɗin gwiwa tare da Ford, an buɗe shuka ta farko a Hamtramck, kusa da Detroit. Kowace rana akwai ƙarin umarni, kowa yana so ya mallaki mu'ujiza na fasaha da Ford da 'yan'uwan Dodge suka halitta.
Rikicin maslaha
Bayan lokaci, John da Horace ba su ji dadin aikin da suka yi wa Henry Ford ba, suna jin za su iya yin ƙarin aiki, kuma sun yanke shawarar gina nasu motar da za ta iya yin gasa da kowane samfurin Ford. Ba shi da wuya a yi tsammani cewa wannan bai dace da abokin tarayya ba. Ta hanyar kafa haɗin gwiwa, yana fatan ci gaba da sauri na kamfaninsa da ma'aikata masu sadaukarwa. Da yake son ya fi ’yan’uwa wayo, sai ya yanke shawarar buɗe kamfani na biyu da ke yin motoci, wanda farashinsa ya kai dala 250 kawai. Ayyukan Ford sun daskare kasuwa, yana haifar da faɗuwar hannun jari na wasu abubuwan damuwa. A cikin wannan yanayin, Henry ya fara siyan su da rahusa fiye da yadda suke da daraja. ’Yan’uwan Dodge sun yanke shawarar ba za su yarda da abokin tarayya ba kuma suka ba shi ya sayar da hannun jarinsu, amma a farashi mai tsada. A karshe dai sun samu dala miliyan dari biyu. Ka tuna, kawai sun ba da gudummawar dubu goma ga Ford. Saka hannun jarin John da Horace wani lamari ne na duniya kuma babu shakka ana ɗaukar wasu daga cikin mafi fa'ida har zuwa yau.
Dodge Brothers kasuwanci mai zaman kansa
Bayan yaƙin da Henry Ford, ’yan’uwa suka mai da hankali ga haifar da nasu damuwa. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, sun rattaba hannu a kwangilar kera manyan motocin soja da sojoji. Wannan ya sanya su zama jagora a kasuwar kera motoci ta Amurka. Abin lura ne cewa sun ɗauki matsayi na biyu a cikin matsayi daidai bayan tsohon abokin tarayya.
Abin takaici, duka 'yan'uwan Dodge sun mutu a 1920, John na farko a 52 da Horace watanni goma sha ɗaya bayan haka. Bayan mutuwar ’yan’uwa da ba zato ba tsammani, matansu Matilda da Anna suka soma aikin. Duk da haka, sun kasa maye gurbin mazajensu. Saboda ƙananan ƙwarewar gudanarwa da rashin ilimin fasaha, kamfanin ya ragu daga matsayi na biyu zuwa matsayi na biyar a cikin matsayi. ’Ya’yan John da Horace su ma ba su da sha’awar ɗaukar matsayin uba da gudanar da kasuwanci. A cikin wannan halin, matan sun yanke shawarar sayar da kamfanin a 1925 zuwa asusun zuba jari na New York Dillon Read & Company. Shekaru uku bayan haka, an haɗa Dodge Brothers cikin damuwa Walter Chrysler. 'Yan shekaru masu zuwa sun kasance alama ta hanyar ci gaba da ci gaba na alamar, wanda rashin alheri ya katse ta hanyar barkewar yakin duniya na biyu.
Dodge Brothers, Chrysler da Mitsubishi
Bayan karshen yakin duniya na biyu, Chrysler da Dodge Brothers sun yanke shawarar komawa wasan. Abin sha’awa, bayan yaƙin, kusan kashi 60% na motocin da ke kan hanyoyinmu na Yaren mutanen Poland na ’yan’uwan Dodge ne.
A cikin 1946, an ƙirƙiri Dodge Power Wagon, wanda yanzu ana ɗaukarsa motar ɗaukar kaya ta farko. Motar dai ta samu karbuwa sosai a kasuwa ta yadda aka kera ta ba tare da wani gyara ba sama da shekaru ashirin. Haka kuma, a cikin 50s, kamfanin ya gabatar da injin V8 a cikin samfuransa. Bayan lokaci, alamar Dodge ta lashe taken a cikin nau'in motar wasanni na Chrysler.
A 1977, wani mataki da aka dauka a cikin ci gaban da iri - kwangila da aka sanya hannu tare da Mitsubishi damuwa. "Yaran" da aka haifa daga wannan haɗin gwiwar sun kasance samfurori masu kyan gani kamar Lancer, Charger da Challenger. Abin baƙin ciki, matsaloli tare da farko na karshen ya taso a cikin 1970, lokacin da matsalar man fetur ta shiga kasuwa. ’Yan’uwan Dodge suka shiga, suna ba wa masu amfani da ƙananan motoci waɗanda matsakaicin Amurka zai iya yi.
Dodge ya koma cikin litattafai tare da sabon samfurin wurin hutawa, mai suna Vipera.
A yau, Dodge, Jeep da Chrysler sun zama abin damuwa na Amurka Fiat Chrysler Automobiles kuma suna matsayi na bakwai a cikin jerin manyan masana'antun mota a duniya. Abin takaici, a cikin 2011 sun daina fitar da kayayyaki zuwa Turai a hukumance.
