AC-130J Ghost Rider
A halin yanzu rundunar sojin saman Amurka tana da jiragen AC-13J Block 130/20+ guda 20, wanda zai fara aiki a shekara mai zuwa a karon farko.
A tsakiyar watan Maris na wannan shekara ya kawo sabon bayani game da ci gaban jirgin sama na AC-130J Ghostrider gobara ta Lockheed Martin, wanda ya zama sabon ƙarni na motocin wannan aji a sabis tare da jiragen yakin Amurka. Sigarsa ta farko ba ta shahara ga masu amfani ba. Saboda wannan dalili, an fara aiki akan bambance-bambancen Block 30, wanda aka aiko da kwafin farko a cikin Maris zuwa 4th Special Operations Squadron da ke filin Hurlbert a Florida.
An kera jiragen ruwan yaki na farko da ke kan jirgin Lockheed C-130 Hercules na jigilar kayayyaki a shekarar 1967, lokacin da sojojin Amurka suka shiga yakin Vietnam. A wancan lokacin, 18 C-130As aka sake gina su zuwa kusa wuta goyon bayan jirgin sama misali, redesignated AC-130A, da kuma kawo karshen ayyukansu a 1991. Ci gaba a cikin asali zane yana nufin cewa a 1970 aiki a kan ta biyu ƙarni aka fara a kan tushe S-. 130E. An yi amfani da karuwar kayan aikin don ɗaukar manyan manyan bindigogi, ciki har da M105 102mm howitzer. Gabaɗaya, an sake gina jiragen sama 130 a cikin bambance-bambancen AC-11E, kuma a cikin rabin na biyu na 70s an canza su zuwa bambance-bambancen AC-130N. Bambancin ya kasance saboda amfani da injunan T56-A-15 mafi ƙarfi tare da ƙarfin 3315 kW / 4508 hp. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, an sake haɓaka ƙarfin injinan, a wannan karon saboda yuwuwar ƙara mai a cikin jirgin ta hanyar amfani da hanyar haɗin gwiwa, kuma an inganta kayan aikin lantarki. A tsawon lokaci, sabbin kwamfutoci masu sarrafa wuta, na'urar kallo-lantarki da hangen nesa, tsarin kewayawa tauraron dan adam, sabbin hanyoyin sadarwa, yakin lantarki da kariyar kai sun bayyana akan jiragen ruwan yaki. AC-130H ta taka rawa sosai a yakin da ake yi a sassa daban-daban na duniya. An yi musu baftisma a kan Vietnam, kuma daga baya hanyarsu ta yaƙi ta haɗa da, yaƙe-yaƙe a Tekun Fasha da Iraqi, da yaƙin Balkans, yaƙin Laberiya da Somalia, da kuma yaƙin Afghanistan. A lokacin hidimar, an yi asarar motoci uku, kuma an fara janye sauran daga yakin a shekarar 2014.
AC-130J Block 30 na farko bayan canja wurin Sojan Sama na Amurka, motar tana jiran kimanin shekara guda na gwaje-gwajen aiki, wanda yakamata ya nuna haɓaka iya aiki da aminci idan aka kwatanta da tsoffin sigogin.
Hanyar zuwa AC-130J
A cikin rabin na biyu na 80s, Amurkawa sun fara maye gurbin tsoffin jiragen ruwa na yaki da sababbi. Da farko an cire AC-130A, sannan AC-130U. Waɗannan motocin ne da aka sake gina su daga motocin jigilar kayayyaki na S-130N, kuma an fara jigilar su a 1990. Idan aka kwatanta da AC-130N, an inganta kayan aikinsu na lantarki. An ƙara ginshiƙan kallo guda biyu kuma an shigar da sulke na yumbu a mahimman wurare a cikin tsarin. A matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙara ƙarfin kariyar kai, kowane jirgin sama ya sami ƙarin adadin AN / ALE-47 da ake iya gani na ƙaddamar da hari (tare da 300 dipoles don tarwatsa tashoshin radar da flares 180 don kashe shugabannin makami mai linzami na infrared), waɗanda suka yi hulɗa tare da hanyar AN. infrared jamming system / AAQ-24 DIRCM (Directional Infrared Countermeasure) da kuma na'urorin gargadi na makami mai linzami AN / AAR-44 (daga baya AN / AAR-47). Bugu da ƙari, AN / ALQ-172 da AN / ALQ-196 an shigar da tsarin yaƙi na lantarki don haifar da tsangwama da kuma shugaban sa ido na AN / AAQ-117. Daidaitaccen makaman ya haɗa da 25mm General Dynamics GAU-12/U Equalizer propulsion cannon (maye gurbin 20mm M61 Vulcan biyu da aka cire daga AC-130H), 40mm Bofors L/60 cannon, da kuma 105mm M102 cannon. howitzer. An bayar da ikon sarrafa wuta ta AN/AAQ-117 shugaban optoelectronic da tashar radar AN/APQ-180. Jirgin ya shiga aikin ne a farkon rabin shekarun 90, yakinsu ya fara ne tare da goyon bayan sojojin kasa da kasa a yankin Balkans, sannan suka shiga yakin Iraki da Afghanistan.
Yakin da aka yi a Afghanistan da Iraki a cikin karni na 130 ya haifar da ƙirƙirar wani nau'in layin yajin Hercules. Wannan bukata ta faru ne, a gefe guda, ta hanyar ci gaban fasaha, kuma a daya bangaren, ta hanyar saurin lalacewa na tsofaffin gyare-gyare a lokacin tashin hankali, da kuma bukatun aiki. Sakamakon haka, USMC da USAF sun sayi fakitin goyan bayan gobara na zamani don KC-130J Hercules (tsarin girbi Hawk) da MC-130W Dragon Spear (Shirin Kunshin Kunshin Daidaitawa) - ƙarshen daga baya ya sake suna AC-30W Stinger II. Dukansu sun ba da damar sake samar da motocin jigilar kayayyaki da sauri waɗanda ake amfani da su don tallafawa sojojin ƙasa tare da makamai masu linzami na iska zuwa ƙasa da 23 mm GAU-44 / A cannons (nau'in iska na Mk105 Bushmaster II) 102 mm M130 masu amfani (na AC-130W). A lokaci guda kuma, ƙwarewar aiki ta zama mai fa'ida har ta zama ginshiƙi na gine-gine da haɓakar jaruman wannan labarin, watau; sigogin na gaba na AC-XNUMXJ Ghostrider.
Nadlatuje AC-130J Ghost Rider
Shirin AC-130J Ghostrider sakamakon buƙatun aiki ne da canjin tsararraki a cikin jiragen Amurka. Ana buƙatar sabbin injina don maye gurbin jirgin AC-130N da AC-130U da suka ƙare, da kuma kula da yuwuwar KS-130J da AC-130W. Tun da farko, an ɗauka rage farashin (kuma yana da yawa, wanda ya kai kusan dala miliyan 120 a kowane misali, bisa ga bayanan 2013) saboda amfani da sigar MC-130J Commando II a matsayin injin tushe. A sakamakon haka, jirgin yana da masana'anta da aka ƙarfafa ƙirar jirgin sama kuma nan da nan ya karɓi wasu ƙarin kayan aiki (ciki har da na gani-lantarki na gani da shugabannin jagora). Kamfanin kera ne ya kawo samfurin kuma an sake gina shi a sansanin Sojojin Sama na Eglin a Florida. Ana canza wasu motocin a masana'antar Crestview ta Lockheed Martin a cikin yanayi guda. An ɗauki shekara guda don kammala samfurin AC-130J, kuma a cikin yanayin shigarwa na serial, wannan lokacin ya kamata a iyakance ga watanni tara.
