2020: sarrafa kayan tarawa don motocin lantarki

Kasuwar motocin lantarki na kara habaka kuma motocin da aka fara harba sun kusa kawo karshen rayuwarsu. Tambayar da babu makawa ta taso: menene za mu yi da batura na motocin lantarki?

Ta haka ne, sake amfani da baturi yana wakiltar babban sha'awa ga canjin yanayin muhalli na yanzu, kuma wasu daga cikinsu sun riga sun shiga cibiyoyin sake amfani da su.

A cewar Christelle Borys, Shugaban Kwamitin Dabarun Ma'aikatar Ma'adinai da Karfe, "daga 50, har ma fiye da 000, game da 2027 2030 ton za a sarrafa."

Lallai, bisa ga kiyasi sake amfani da baturi zai iya kai ton 700 a cikin 000.

Menene rayuwar baturi kafin zubar? 

Tsohon batura

Batirin lithium-ion a cikin motocin lantarki sun ƙare akan lokaci, tare da matsakaicin tsawon shekaru 10.

Wasu dalilai na iya haɓaka wannan tsarin tsufa, yana haifar da raguwar aiki da kewayon abin hawan lantarki. Muna gayyatar ku don karanta labarinmu akan rayuwar baturi don ƙarin bayani.

Don haka, kula da baturi na da matukar muhimmanci domin tsawaita rayuwar abin hawan ku na lantarki. Kuna iya duba yanayin baturin abin hawa tare da amintaccen ɓangare na uku kamar La Belle Battery. A cikin mintuna 5 kacal daga gida, zaku iya tantance baturin ku. Sa'an nan kuma za mu ba ku takardar shaidar baturi yana nuna musamman SoH (matsayin lafiya) na baturin ku.

Garanti da sauyawa

Maye gurbin baturin jan hankali yana da tsada sosai, daga Yuro 7 zuwa 000. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa masana'antun ke ba da garantin batirin abin hawa na lantarki don duka cikakken siyan abin hawa da hayar baturi.

A mafi yawan lokuta, baturi yana da garantin shekaru 8 ko 160 km. don SoH fiye da 75% ko 70%... Don haka, masana'anta na ɗaukar nauyin gyara ko maye gurbin baturin idan SoH ya faɗi ƙasa da 75% (ko 70%) kuma abin hawa bai wuce shekaru 8 ba ko ƙasa da kilomita 160. Sharuɗɗan garanti na iya bambanta dangane da masana'anta.

Bugu da ƙari, ko da wannan aikin ya ɓace, yana yiwuwa a yi hayan motar lantarki tare da baturi. A wannan yanayin, rayuwar batir tana "layi" don takamaiman SoH, kuma masu ababen hawa dole ne su biya hayar wata-wata, wanda galibi ya dogara da adadin kilomita da ke tafiya a kowace shekara.

Ƙarshen baturi da sake yin amfani da su

Sake amfani da baturi: abin da doka ta ce

Dokokin Faransa da Turai a hukumance sun haramta ƙonawa ko zubar da batir ɗin abin hawa na lantarki a wuraren shara.

Umarnin Turai 26 Satumba 2006Umarnin 2006/66 / EC) dangane da baturi da masu tarawa na buƙatar “sake amfani da duk gubar (mafi ƙarancin 65%), nickel/cadmium (mafi ƙarancin 75%) batura, da kuma sake amfani da kashi 50% na kayan da ke cikin wasu nau'ikan batura da tarawa. "

An rarraba batura lithium-ion a cikin kashi na uku kuma dole ne a sake sarrafa su aƙalla 50%. 

Hakanan a ƙarƙashin wannan umarnin, masana'antun batir suna da alhakin sake sarrafa batura a ƙarshen rayuwarsu mai amfani. Saboda haka, "manufacturer wajibcin tattara batura a kan kuɗin ku (Mataki na 8), sake sarrafa su kuma yi aiki tare da mai sake yin fa'ida wanda ya ba da garantin sake yin amfani da 50% (Mataki na 7, 12…). "

Ina masana'antar sake yin amfani da baturi a yau?

A Faransa, masana'antar sake yin amfani da su yanzu na iya sake sarrafa sama da kashi 65% na batura lithium. Bugu da kari, yana mai da hankali kan zama wani bangare na Turai, yana hade da wasu kasashe kamar Jamus,” Airbus mara waya .

A yau, manyan ƴan wasa a sake amfani da su su ne furodusoshi da kansu, da kuma furodusoshi waɗanda suka kware a sake amfani da su. Masu kera kamar Renault suna ƙoƙarin nemo mafita masu dacewa:

Kamfanin SNAM na Faransa na sake amfani da baturi, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen iyakance tasirin batir da aka yi amfani da su.

Kamfanin yana da ma'aikata 600 a cikin masana'antu biyu kuma yana aiwatar da sama da tan 600 na batura don motocin lantarki ko masu haɗaka a kowace shekara. Kwarewarsu ita ce ta harhada batura sannan a jera abubuwa daban-daban don lalata su har abada ko don narke su don dawo da wasu karafa: nickel, cobalt, ko ma lithium.

Frédéric Sahlin, Daraktan Talla da Tallace-tallace a SNAM, ya yi karin haske: “Buƙatun Faransa shine a sake sarrafa kashi 50% na batirin Li-Ion. Muna sake sarrafa sama da 70%. Sauran an lalata su kuma an kone su, kuma kashi 2% ne kawai ya rage.

Mista Salin ya kuma bayyana cewa “masana’antar batir a yau ba ta da riba, ba ta da girma. Amma a cikin dogon lokaci, masana'antu na iya samun kuɗi ta hanyar sake siyarwa da sake amfani da karafa. ” 

Kafin zubar: gyarawa da rayuwa ta biyu na batura

Gyara baturi

Lokacin da aka sami matsala tare da baturin abin hawa na lantarki, yawancin masana'antun suna ba da shawara don maye gurbinsa, ba gyara shi ba.

Idan ana batun dillalai da kanikanci, galibi ba su da gogewar gyara baturin abin hawa mai wutan lantarki. Lallai, buɗe baturin jan hankali yana da haɗari kuma yana buƙatar ƙwararrun ma'aikata da horarwa.

Koyaya, Renault yana gyara batura dubu da yawa a shekara a masana'anta a Flains, Lyons da Bordeaux. Yawancin gyare-gyaren kyauta ne ga abokan ciniki idan motarsu tana ƙarƙashin garanti, musamman tare da baturi haya.

Wasu kamfanoni kamar na Faransa suma sun fara gyaran motocin lantarki. Abubuwan da aka bayar na CMJ Solutions... Kamfanin na iya gyara baturin motar lantarki a farashi mai kyau fiye da maye gurbinsa: daga 500 zuwa 800 €.

A cewarmu ne, masu gyaran mota da yawa sun rubuta buɗaɗɗiyar wasiƙa don ba da damar gyara batura masu amfani da wutar lantarki. Daga nan sai suka ba da shawarar a matsa wa masu ginin lamba ta yadda sauran kamfanoni na kwararru za su iya yin gyare-gyare.

 

Rayuwa ta biyu na batura a cikin amfani a tsaye

Lokacin da ƙarfin baturin abin hawan lantarki ya faɗi ƙasa da 75%, ana maye gurbinsa. Bugu da ƙari, bai isa ya ba da isasshen kewayo don abin hawan lantarki ba. Duk da haka, ko da a ƙasa da 75%, batura har yanzu suna aiki kuma ana iya amfani dasu don wani abu dabam, musamman ma'ajin ajiya.

Wannan ya haɗa da adana wutar lantarki a cikin batura don dalilai daban-daban: adana makamashi mai sabuntawa a cikin gine-gine, a cikin tashoshin cajin lantarki, ƙarfafa hanyoyin wutar lantarki, har ma da samar da wutar lantarki.

 Shahararriyar ajiyar wutar lantarki ana yin ta ne ta amfani da batura masu amfani da lantarki, wanda aka fi samar da su shine baturin lithium-ion.