Sautin fim - part 1

Shin kun taɓa mamakin yadda ake rikodin muryoyin ƴan wasan akan saiti? Musamman a cikin yanayi mai ban tsoro sosai kuma a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba su dace ba don kiyaye inganci mai kyau?

Akwai mafita da yawa. Ɗayan da aka fi amfani da shi shine abin da ake kira poke. Makirifo na jagora yana kan dogon bum, wanda ke riƙe a hannun ƙwararren makirufo. Bin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma sanye da belun kunne koyaushe, mai fasaha yana ƙoƙarin ɗaukar mafi kyawun firam ɗin sauti yayin da a lokaci guda ba ya shiga cikin firam ɗin tare da makirufo. Ba koyaushe ake samun nasara ba – Intanet cike take da bidiyoyi waɗanda masu amfani da Intanet cikin rashin tausayi suke kama firam ɗin da aka rasa a matakin taro, inda ake ganin makirufo da ke rataye a saman.

Rikodin murya don fina-finai masu rai shine al'ada - bayan haka, masu zane-zane da kansu ba sa magana ... Amma ana yin haka a cikin yanayin fina-finai na yau da kullum.

Duk da haka, akwai hotuna da wuraren da irin wannan tsari ba zai yiwu ba ko kuma ingancin sautin da aka samu ba zai zama mai gamsarwa ba (misali, a cikin fim din tarihi, za ku ji karar motoci masu wucewa, sautunan ginin da ke kusa. site, ko jirgin sama da ke tashi daga filin jirgin sama kusa). A duniyar zahiri, ba za a iya guje wa wasu abubuwan da suka faru ba, sai dai idan ana batun shirin fim na musamman, wanda za a iya samu, misali, a Hollywood.

Har ila yau, saboda yawan tsammanin da masu sauraro ke yi game da sautin fim din, wanda ake kira. postsynchony. Sun ƙunshi sake yin rikodin murya a kan wani wurin da aka riga aka yi rikodin kuma sarrafa shi ta hanyar da za ta yi sauti a kan saitin - kawai mafi kyau, saboda tare da tasirin sararin samaniya mai ban sha'awa da kuma sauti mai ban sha'awa.

Babu shakka, yana da matukar wahala ga ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ya yi rikodin jimlolin da aka faɗa a baya akan saiti a cikin ɗakin studio tare da cikakkiyar daidaitawar lebe. Hakanan yana da wahala a kiyaye motsin rai iri ɗaya a cikin belun kunne da lokacin kallon allon, wanda ya tashi lokacin harbin firam ɗin ɗaya. Duk da haka, fasahar zamani suna jimre wa irin waɗannan abubuwa - kawai kuna buƙatar kayan aiki masu dacewa da ƙwarewa mai girma, duka na mai wasan kwaikwayo da kansa, da kuma na mai gabatarwa da edita.

The Art of Post-Aiki tare

Dole ne a bayyana nan da nan cewa yawancin tattaunawar da muke ji a cikin manyan fina-finai na kasafin kuɗi an ƙirƙira su ne ta hanyar rikodi bayan daidaitawa. Ƙara zuwa wannan akwai tasirin da ya dace akan saiti, sarrafa kai-komai da gyare-gyare mai zurfi sosai akan kayan aikin saman-layi, sau da yawa ana kashe miliyoyin daloli. Duk da haka, godiya ga wannan, za mu iya jin dadin sauti mai kyau, kuma ana kiyaye fahimtar kalmomi ko da a tsakiyar babban yaki, a lokacin girgizar ƙasa ko iska mai karfi.

Tushen don irin waɗannan abubuwan samarwa shine sautin da aka yi rikodin akan saitin. Wannan yana da matukar muhimmanci domin yana nuna motsin leben dan wasan, kodayake ba a jin hakan a cikin fim din. Kuna iya karanta yadda hakan ke faruwa a fitowa ta gaba ta MT. Yanzu zan yi ƙoƙarin gabatar da batun yin rikodin sauti a gaban kyamara.

Ana yin rajistar abin da ake kira bayan aiki tare a cikin ɗakunan rikodi na musamman waɗanda aka daidaita don irin wannan aikin.

Hatta mutanen da ba su saba da fasahar rikodin rikodi ba suna jin cewa idan microphone ya kusanci bakin mai magana, mafi kyau da fahimtar tasirin zai kasance a cikin rikodin. Maganar ita ce kuma a sami makirufo "ɗauka" a matsayin ƙaramar hayaniyar bango gwargwadon yuwuwar da yawancin babban abun ciki gwargwadon yiwuwa. Makarufonin kwatance masu ɗorewa suna aiki da kyau a mafi yawan yanayi, amma sun fi kyau lokacin da makirufo ke kusa da sanda, misali. sama da kayan wasan kwaikwayo (zaton ba fage ne da aka bar jarumi ko yar fim tsirara ba...).

Sa'an nan abin da ya rage shi ne a rufe microphone, haɗa shi zuwa na'urar watsawa, wanda shi ma jarumin yana da shi a wani wuri da ba a iya gani, da kuma rikodin wannan siginar a cikin firam ta hanyar amfani da na'urar karba da rikodin da ke waje da filin kallon kyamarar kyamara. Lokacin da fiye da mutum ɗaya ya kasance a wurin, kowane hali yana da tsarin sadarwarsa mara waya kuma ana rikodin muryoyin su akan waƙoƙi daban-daban. Ta hanyar yin rikodin fim ɗin multi-track ta wannan hanyar, zaku iya yin rikodin bayanan-syncs waɗanda aka sarrafa tare da la'akari da kowane nau'in sauti - motsin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo dangane da kyamarar, canje-canje a cikin acoustics na ciki, kasancewar gaban. Na sauran mutane, da dai sauransu. Godiya ga wannan labari, actor yana da 'yancin yin wasa da yawa (zai iya, alal misali, karkatar da kansa ba tare da canza sautin muryarsa ba), kuma darektan yana da 'yanci don tsara abin da ke faruwa a ciki. da firam.

Aikin ma'aunin igiya a kan saitin ba shine mafi sauƙi ba. Wani lokaci dole ne ka riƙe makirufo sama sama da kai na dogon lokaci - kuma koyaushe ka tabbata cewa baya shiga cikin firam ɗin kuma yana ɗaukar sauti kamar yadda zai yiwu.

makirufo a cikin taye

Makirifo ɗaya da ke aiki mai girma a cikin wannan yanayin shine Slim 4060. Maƙerin sa, DPA, ko Danish Pro Audio, ya ƙware wajen kera ƙananan makirufo don amfani da sana'a. Ana yin duk samfuran a Denmark. Ana yin wannan ta amfani da ƙananan makirufo. da hannu da kuma ƙarƙashin na'urar microscope, kuma ƙwararrun ma'aikata da ƙwararrun ma'aikata ke yin hakan. Slim 4060 babban misali ne na ƙwararriyar ƙaramar makirufo tare da sauti wanda babu wanda yake tsammani daga capsule mai girman kai.

Sunan "Slim" yana nufin cewa makirufo yana "lalata" don haka ana iya haɗa shi da nau'ikan jirage daban-daban. Ya kamata a lura nan da nan cewa waɗannan "jirgin sama" yawanci tufafi ne ko ma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo/dan wasan kwaikwayo. DPA ta sami sakamako mai ban sha'awa a cikin ƙirƙirar microphones marasa ganuwa. Ana iya ɓoye su a ƙarƙashin tufafi, a cikin babban aljihu, a cikin ƙulli, ko a wasu wurare masu sana'a suna ganin sun dace. Sabili da haka, sun kasance marasa ganuwa ga kyamara, da ikon yin amfani da ɗayan launuka uku, dacewa tare da duk tsarin watsa shirye-shirye na ƙwararru da kuma samar da kewayon na'urorin haɗi masu hawa suna sanya waɗannan microphones amfani da su sosai a cikin fina-finai da talabijin.

Kuna ganin makirufo a nan? Duba dalla-dalla dalla-dalla dalla-dalla da ke sama da maɓallin da ke kan rigar ku - wannan ɗaya ne daga cikin ƙananan microphones na DPA da ake amfani da su sosai a masana'antar fim.

Kebul ɗin makirufo, wanda ke da alaƙa da shi na dindindin, yana da sulke na musamman kuma an tsara shi ta yadda ba zai haifar da hayaniya da tsangwama ba. Tabbas, abu mafi mahimmanci anan shine madaidaicin hawan makirufo, keɓantacce daga tushen tsangwama da ƙarin kebul na ɗaure 'yan dubun santimita daga makirufo don kawar da irin waɗannan matsalolin. Duk ya dogara ne akan 'yan wasan microphone, kuma masana'anta da kansa ya yi duk abin da ya dace don sauƙaƙe aikin su.

Makirifo yana da siffa ta ko'ina (watau tana sarrafa sauti daga sassa daban-daban tare da matakin iri ɗaya), yana aiki a cikin kewayon 20 Hz-20 kHz.

4060 yana da kyau sosai, kuma ɓoye shi a ƙarƙashin tufafi ko motsa kan ku yana da ɗan tasiri akan sauti. Yana da babban kayan aiki don ɗaukar ƴan wasan kwaikwayo akan saiti, kuma a wasu yanayi na iya kusan kawar da buƙatar haɗin kai mai tsada. Yiwuwar gyare-gyare ko sarrafa matsi na iya zama alama, kuma za a iya shigar da sauti cikin sauƙi a cikin mahallin hoton baya. Wannan kayan aiki ne na aji na farko don ƙwararru wanda ke ba ku damar yin rikodin tattaunawa tare da iya karantawa iri ɗaya kamar, misali, a cikin Gidan Katuna. Ana iya siyan irin wannan makirufo don PLN 1730, kodayake farashin saka hannun jari na duk tsarin rikodi (mai watsawa mara waya da mai karɓa) yawanci zai zama fiye da dubu 2-3. Kuma idan muka ninka wannan da adadin ƴan wasan kwaikwayo da ake buƙatar yin rikodin lokaci guda, muna ƙara farashin abin da ake kira microphones da ke rikodin sautin bayanan da ke tare da wurin, da kuma kuɗin da aka kashe gabaɗayan rikodin rikodin. tsarin, ya bayyana cewa a halin yanzu kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su a kan saiti suna kashe daruruwan dubban zloty. Wannan kudi ne mai tsanani.

A duk wannan, akwai wani abu da dole ne a tuna - actor ko actress kanta. Abin takaici, a yawancin fina-finai na Poland an gani a fili (kuma an ji) cewa matasa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ba sa kula da ƙamus daidai, kuma ba za a iya gyara wannan ta kowane makirufo ko mafi kyawun tsarin gyarawa ba.