Koren haske don F-110

Jirgin saman F-110. Ba sabon abu ba ne, amma bambance-bambance daga ainihin jiragen ruwa za su zama kayan ado.

Alkawuran da ’yan siyasa suka yi wa ma’aikatan ruwa na Poland ba sa cika cika kan lokaci da kuma cikakkiya, idan ma haka ne. A halin da ake ciki, lokacin da firaministan Spain Pedro Sanchez ya sanar a tsakiyar shekarar da ta gabata cewa za a kammala kwangilar sayen wasu jerin jiragen ruwa na Euro biliyan kafin karshen shekarar da ta gabata, ya cika alkawarinsa. Don haka, shirin kera sabbin jiragen ruwa na rakiyar jiragen ruwa na Armada Española ya shiga wani muhimmin lokaci kafin samar da su.

Kwangilar da aka ambata a baya tsakanin Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Madrid da kamfanin gine-gine na gwamnati Navantia SA an kammala shi a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 2018. Kudinsa ya kai Yuro biliyan 4,326, kuma ya shafi aiwatar da ƙirar fasaha da kuma gina jerin jiragen ruwa na F-110 masu fa'ida da yawa don maye gurbin jiragen ruwa shida na nau'in F-80 Santa María. Na karshen, kasancewa nau'in lasisin nau'in OH Perry na Amurka, an gina shi a filin jirgin ruwa na Bazan (Empresa Nacional Bazán de Construcciones Navales Militares SA) a cikin Ferrol kuma ya shiga sabis a cikin 1986-1994. A cikin 2000, wannan shuka ya haɗu da Astilleros Españoles SA, ƙirƙirar IZAR, amma bayan shekaru biyar, babban mai hannun jari, Sociedad Estatal de Participaciones Industriales (State Industrial Union), ya rabu da sashin soja, wanda ake kira Navantia, saboda haka - duk da canjin sunan. - an kiyaye samar da jiragen ruwa a Ferrol. Jiragen ruwan Santa María sun dace da tsari tare da sabbin jiragen ruwa na Navy OH Perry na Amurka da suka daɗe kuma suna da ƙaramin katako na ƙasa da mita. An kuma tura na'urorin lantarki na farko na cikin gida da na makamai a wurin, gami da tsarin tsaro na gajeriyar hanya mai tsayin mita 12-20 Fábrica de Artillería Bazán MeRoKa. Jiragen guda shida sune 'ya'yan itace na biyu na haɗin gwiwa tare da masana'antar kera jiragen ruwa ta Amurka, kamar yadda a baya aka gina jiragen Baleares biyar a Spain, waɗanda kwafi ne na rukunin Knox-class (a cikin sabis na 1973-2006). Ita ma ta karshe.

Shekaru ashirin na sake ginawa da kuma amfani da tunanin fasaha na Amurka sun kafa harsashi na kera manyan jiragen ruwa masu zaman kansu. Ba da daɗewa ba ya bayyana cewa Mutanen Espanya suna yin fiye da kyau. Aikin jiragen F-100 hudu (Alvaro de Bazan, a cikin sabis daga 2002 zuwa 2006), wanda na biyar ya shiga shekaru shida bayan haka, ya lashe gasar Amurka da Turai, ya zama tushen AWD (Mai lalata iska) wanda Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Ostiraliya ta karbi jiragen yaki guda uku. A baya can, Navantia ya lashe gasar tseren jirgin ruwa na Norwegian Sjøforsvaret, kuma a cikin 2006-2011 an ƙarfafa shi ta ƙungiyoyi biyar na Fridtjof Nansen. Har ila yau, tashar jiragen ruwa ta gina jiragen ruwa na bakin teku don Venezuela (hudu Avante 1400s da hudu 2200 Combatants) kuma kwanan nan ya fara samar da corvettes guda biyar don Saudi Arabia bisa tsarin Avante 2200. Tare da wannan kwarewa, kamfanin ya sami damar fara aiki a kai. sabon ƙarni na jiragen ruwa.

Drugs

An yi ƙoƙarin ƙaddamar da shirin F-110 tun ƙarshen shekaru goma da suka gabata. Rundunar Sojin ruwan Spain, ta fahimci cewa zagayowar gina sabbin jiragen ruwa na bukatar akalla shekaru 10 - daga aiki har zuwa kammalawa - ta fara kokarin samar da albarkatun kudi don wannan dalili a cikin 2009. AJEMA (Almirante Janar Jefe de Estado Magajin Garin de la Armada, Babban Darakta na Janar na Rundunar Sojan Ruwa) ne ya qaddamar da su. Har ma a lokacin, an shirya taron fasaha na farko, inda aka sanar da fatawar farko na rundunar game da sabbin masu rakiya. Shekara guda bayan haka, AJEMA ta fitar da wata wasika inda ta tabbatar da bukatar gudanar da aiki don fara tsarin samun kayan aikin soja. Ya yi nuni da cewa jiragen ruwan Santa Maria na farko za su haura shekaru 2020 nan da 30, wanda ke nuna bukatar fara wani sabon shiri a shekarar 2012 da mayar da su karfe daga 2018. Don tabbatar da 'yan siyasa, an sanya F-110 a cikin takarda a matsayin ƙungiya tsakanin manyan jiragen ruwa na F-100, wanda aka tsara don shiga cikin rikice-rikice na makamai, da kuma 94-mita BAM (Buque de Acción Marítima, Meteoro type) sintiri. ana amfani da shi wajen ayyukan sa ido kan tsaron teku.

Abin baƙin ciki ga F-110 a 2008, da tattalin arziki rikicin jinkirta farkon shirin har 2013. Duk da haka, a watan Disamba 2011, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ya iya kammala kwangila tare da Indra da Navantia ga alama darajar 2 miliyan kudin Tarayyar Turai zuwa. gudanar da bincike na farko na yuwuwar kera MASTIN hadedde mast (daga Mástil Integrado) don sabbin jiragen ruwa. Duk da matsalolin tattalin arziki, a cikin Janairu 2013 AJEMA ta gabatar da ayyukan fasaha na farko (Objetivo de Estado Mayor), kuma bisa binciken su a watan Yuli.

A cikin 2014, an tsara buƙatun fasaha (Requisitos de Estado Mayor). Waɗannan su ne takaddun ƙarshe da ake buƙata don shirye-shiryen nazarin yuwuwar ta Babban Darakta Janar na Makamai da Kayan Aikin Soja (Dirección general de Armamento y Material). A wannan lokacin, jirgin "kumbura" daga 4500 zuwa 5500 ton. shawarwari na farko don ƙirar mast da gyare-gyare na fasaha da fasaha, ciki har da wutar lantarki. A cikin wannan shekarar, an kafa F-110 Design Bureau.

An karɓi kuɗi na gaske a watan Agusta 2015. A wancan lokacin, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Madrid ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar da ta kai Yuro miliyan 135,314 tare da kamfanonin da aka ambata don aiwatar da ƙarin ayyukan bincike da ci gaba guda goma sha ɗaya da suka shafi, musamman, ƙirar ƙira da kera samfura da masu nuna firikwensin, gami da: panel na eriya tare da watsawa da karɓar kayayyaki na tsarin lura da sararin samaniya na X-band na ajin AFAR; AESA S-band Radar Kula da Jirgin Sama; RESM da CESM tsarin yakin lantarki; tsarin binciken TsIT-26, yana aiki a cikin yanayin 5 da S, tare da eriyar zobe; manyan amplifiers don tsarin watsa bayanai na Link 16; da kuma matakin farko na ci gaba na SCOMBA (Sistema de COMbate de los Buques de la Armada) tsarin gwagwarmaya tare da kwamfutoci, consoles da abubuwan da aka gyara don shigarwa akan CIST (Centro de Integración de Sensores en Tierra) haɗin gwiwar bakin teku. Don wannan, Navantia Sistemas da Indra sun kafa haɗin gwiwar PROTEC F-110 (Shirye-shiryen Tecnológicos F-110). Ba da da ewa, an gayyaci Jami'ar Fasaha ta Madrid (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid) don yin haɗin gwiwa. Baya ga ma'aikatar tsaro, ma'aikatar masana'antu, makamashi da yawon bude ido ta shiga cikin ba da tallafin ayyukan. PROTEC ta gabatar da saitunan firikwensin mast-saka da yawa ga ma'aikatan ruwa. Don ƙarin ƙira, an zaɓi siffa tare da tushe octagonal.

An kuma gudanar da aiki a kan dandalin jirgin. Ɗaya daga cikin ra'ayoyin farko shine a yi amfani da ƙirar F-100 da ta dace, amma wannan ba a yarda da shi ta hanyar soja ba. A cikin 2010, a nunin Euronaval a Paris, Navantia ya gabatar da "frigate na gaba" F2M2 Karfe Pike. Tunanin har ya zuwa wani lokaci ya yi daidai da aikin Austal na shigar da nau'in 'Yancin kai mai hawa uku, wanda aka yi da yawa don Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka a ƙarƙashin shirin LCS. Duk da haka, an gano cewa tsarin trimaran ba shi da kyau ga ayyukan PDO, tsarin motsa jiki yana da ƙarfi sosai, kuma fasalin ƙirar trimaran yana da kyawawa a wasu aikace-aikace, watau. babban nisa gabaɗaya (30 da 18,6 m don F-100) da yanki na bene da ya haifar - a wannan yanayin, bai isa ga buƙatun ba. Hakanan ya juya ya zama avant-garde kuma mai yiwuwa yayi tsada sosai don aiwatarwa da aiki. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan yunƙurin jirgin ruwa ne, wanda ta haka ne aka yi la'akari da ikon ƙirar wannan nau'in don biyan bukatun da ake tsammani na F-110 (wanda aka bayyana a lokacin sosai), da kuma sha'awar masu karɓa na kasashen waje. .