Tawagar Italiya da aka manta a Gabashin Gabas

Jirgin sufuri na Italiya Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 a filin jirgin sama na Immola a kudu maso gabashin Finland, inda aka ajiye tawagar Terraciano daga Yuni 16 zuwa 2 ga Yuli, 1944.

Duk da mika wuya na Italiya ba tare da wani sharadi ba a ranar 8 ga Satumba, 1943, wani muhimmin bangare na sojojin saman Italiya ya ci gaba da shiga yakin duniya na biyu, yana fafatawa a matsayin wani bangare na Rundunar Sojojin Sama na Jamhuriyar Republican (Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana) tare da Reich na Uku ko Italiyanci. sojojin sama. Aviazione Co-Belligerante Italiana) tare da abokan tarayya. Dalilan da suka fi dacewa don zaɓar su ne ra'ayoyin siyasa, abokantaka, da wurin dangi; wani lokaci ne kawai aka yanke shawarar kafa raka'a a ranar mika wuya.

The National Republican Aviation yana da nasa tsari da umarni, amma, kamar duk Sojoji na Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Italiya, yana aiki ƙarƙashin Babban Kwamandan Axis a Italiya (Kwamandan Sojojin Jamus a cikin Apennine Peninsula, Kwamandan Sojoji. Rukuni na C) Marshal Albert Kesselring da Kwamandan 2nd Air Fleet Field Marshal Wolfram von Richthofen. W. von Richthofen ya yi niyya don haɗa Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Jamhuriyar Republican a cikin Luftwaffe a matsayin "Legion Italiya" don kiyaye su a ƙarƙashin cikakken iko. Duk da haka, bayan da Mussolini ya yi taka-tsantsan a harkokin Hitler, an kori Field Marshal Wolfram von Richthofen aka maye gurbinsa da Janar Maximilian Ritter von Pohl.

A cikin National Republican Aviation, karkashin jagorancin almara ace jarumi Kanar Ernesto Botta, an halicci darektoci da hedkwata, kazalika da wadannan raka'a: cibiyar horar da ma'aikatan na torpedo, bam da sufurin jiragen sama. Ƙasar Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Italiya ta kasu kashi uku na alhakin: 1. Zona Aerea Territoriale Milano (Milan), 2. Zona Aerea Territoriale Padova (Padua) da 3. Zona Aerea Territoriale Firenze.

Jiragen saman na National Republican Aviation sun kasance alamomi a saman sama da ƙasa na fuka-fuki a cikin nau'i na nau'i biyu masu salo na sandunan giya a cikin iyakar murabba'i. Da farko, an zana su kai tsaye a bangon kamanni da farin fenti, amma ba da daɗewa ba aka canza tambarin zuwa baki kuma an sanya shi a kan farin bango. A tsawon lokaci, an gabatar da sauƙaƙan nau'i na alamar, zanen abubuwa baƙar fata kawai a kan bangon kamanni, musamman a saman saman fuka-fuki. A ɓangarorin biyu na fuselage na baya (wani lokaci a kusa da kokfit) akwai wata alama a cikin nau'in tutar ƙasar Italiya tare da iyaka mai launin rawaya (tare da gefuna: sama, ƙasa da baya). Alamomi iri ɗaya, mafi ƙanƙanta, an maimaita su a ɓangarorin biyu na rukunin wutsiya ko, da wuya, a ɓangaren gaba na fuselage. An zana alamar ta yadda kore (tare da gefen rawaya mai santsi) koyaushe yana fuskantar alkiblar tashi.

Saboda fargabar cewa ba za a dauki ma'aikatan jirgin NPA da aka kama a matsayin fursunonin yaki ba (tunda Amurka da Burtaniya sun amince da abin da ake kira Kudancin Kudancin) kuma za a mika su ga Italiya, wanda zai la'anta su a matsayin maci amana, ma'aikatan jirgin. Sojojin saman Italiya na Fascist da aka kirkira sun shiga fadan ne kawai akan yankin da sojojin Jamus da Italiya ke iko da su. Jirage masu saukar ungulu na tashin bama-bamai ne kawai suka yi ta sama a yankin abokan gaba.

wanda ya yi aikin sa kai.

Daga cikin rukunan da aka kafa sun hada da tawagogi biyu na sufurin jiragen sama, wadanda ke karkashin Hukumar Kula da Sufuri (Servizi Aerei Speciali). A shugaban umarnin da aka kirkira a watan Nuwamba 1943, Laftanar V. saw. Pietro Morino - tsohon kwamandan na 44th Transport Aviation Regiment. Bayan mika wuya na Italiya ba tare da wani sharadi ba, shi ne na farko da ya fara hada ma'aikatan jigilar bama-bamai a filin jirgin saman Bergamo. Ya kuma hadu a Florence, Turin, Bologna da sauran wurare da dama da ya fito.

mayar da shi zuwa Bergamo.

Tsohon matukin jirgi na tawagar ta 149 na runduna ta 44 ta sufurin jiragen sama, Rinaldo Porta, wanda ya yi yaki a Arewacin Afirka, ya bi wannan hanya. A ranar 8 ga Satumba, 1943, ya kasance a filin jirgin sama na L'Urbe kusa da Roma, daga nan ne ya yi hanyarsa zuwa Catania, inda ya sami labarin cewa kwamandan nasa yana sake fasalin rukunin. Rashin amincinsa ya bace ya yanke shawarar shan iska. Me yasa yayi hakan? Kamar yadda ya rubuta - saboda jin 'yan uwantaka tare da wasu matukan jirgi, ciki har da na Jamus, wanda ya yi tafiya tare da su kuma suka yi yaki fiye da shekaru uku, kuma wadanda suka mutu a wannan yakin.

An kafa Terraciano Transport Aviation Squadron (I Gruppo Aerotransporti "Terraciano") a filin jirgin saman Bergamo a watan Nuwamba 1943, kuma kwamandan shi ne Major V. Peel. Egidio Pelizzari. Wanda ya kafa wannan rukunin shine Major Peel. Alfredo Zanardi. A watan Janairu 1944, matukan jirgi 150 da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙasa 100 ne aka haɗa. Jigon tawagar dai shi ne ma'aikatan jirgin na tsohuwar runduna ta 10 ta Bomber, wadda a lokacin mika wuya take jiran sabbin injinan tagwayen na Jamus Ju 88.

Da farko dai kungiyar Terraziano ba ta da kayan aiki. Sai bayan wani lokaci ne dakarun kawancen suka mika wa Italiyan jirgin saman safara guda shida samfurin Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 guda uku na farko, wadanda aka kwace bayan 8 ga Satumban 1943.