Shin motocin JTD sun kasa lafiya? Bayanin kasuwa da aiki

JTD gajarta ce ta uniJet Turbo Diesel, watau. nadi na dizal injuna shigar a kan motoci na kungiyar Fiat.

Ana la'akari da Italiyanci a matsayin masu gaba na tsarin allurar kai tsaye, duk da cewa wasu masana'antun Jamus sun ba da su. A cikin shekaru sama da 25, za a iya cewa gudunmawar da Fiat ta bayar wajen bunkasa injinan diesel a duniya ya yi yawa. Kamfanin Italiya ne a cikin 80s wanda ya gabatar da injin dizal na farko tare da allurar mai kai tsaye, wanda aka sanya akan samfurin Croma.

Masu fafatawa a kasuwa ba su nuna halin ko-in-kula ba kuma suna inganta fasaharsu daga shekara zuwa shekara, kuma a halin da ake ciki, Fiat ta sake daukar wani mataki na gaba kuma ta bullo da mota ta farko a duniya mai injin dizal na yau da kullun a karkashin hular. Lokaci ne na ci gaba na gaske. Abinda kawai ya tayar da shakku shine dorewar ƙirar ƙira da na'urorin injin.

Farashin JTD. Siffofin tuƙi

The ƙarami JTD engine yana da girma na 1.3 lita, shi ne ta asali version (yi a Poland), wanda a shekarar 2005 samu wani musamman lambar yabo, mafi daidai da babbar lakabi na "International Engine na Year" a cikin category na raka'a har zuwa 1.4 lita. Injin da aka ba da kyautar yana samuwa a cikin zaɓuɓɓukan wutar lantarki guda biyu: 70 hp. da 90 hp a cikin: Fiat 500, Grande Punto, Opel Astra, Meriva, Corsa ko Suzuki Swift.

Tun 2008, masana'anta kuma sun ba da nau'in lita 1.6 tare da 90 hp, 105 hp. da 120 hp bi da bi. Mafi ƙarfi, yana da matatar DPF na masana'anta, wanda ya ba shi damar saduwa da ma'aunin fitarwa na Yuro 5. Ana iya ba da oda, da sauransu, don Fiat Bravo, Grande Punto, Lancia Delta ko Alfa Romeo MiTo. Shahararren 1.9 JTD ya fara halarta a cikin Alfa Romeo 156. Bawul mai lamba takwas 1.9 JTD UniJet ya tashi daga 80 zuwa 115 hp, MultiJet daga 100 zuwa 130 hp, da MultiJet mai bawul shida daga 136 zuwa 190 hp. Ya bayyana a yawancin Alfa Romeo, Fiat, Lancia, Opel, Saab da Suzuki.

Hakanan ana samun injin MultiJet 2.0 a kasuwa, kuma wannan ba komai bane illa ƙirar ƙirar 1.9 MultiJet tare da 150 hp. Yawan aiki ya karu da mita 46 cubic. cm ta ƙara diamita na silinda daga 82 zuwa 83 mm. A cikin injin da aka sabunta, an rage yawan matsawa, wanda ke da tasiri mai kyau akan rage yawan iskar nitrogen oxide. Bugu da kari, naúrar ta sami ɓangarorin tacewa da tsarin sake zagayowar iskar gas na EGR. 2.0 MultiJet yana samuwa a wasu Fiat da Lancia a cikin bambance-bambancen 140 hp, kuma a cikin Alfa Romeo inda aka kimanta shi a 170 hp.

Duba kuma: Skoda Octavia vs. Toyota Corolla. Duel a cikin sashin C

A tsawon lokaci, damuwa ta shirya sabon ƙirar JTD gaba ɗaya tare da ƙarar lita 2.2 a cikin zaɓuɓɓukan wutar lantarki guda biyu - 170 hp. da 210 hp, an tsara su don motocin wasanni na Maserati da Alfa Romeo, kuma musamman samfuran Ghibli, Levane, Stelvio da Giulia. . Har ila yau, kewayon Italiya ya haɗa da nau'in 5-cylinder tare da ƙarar lita 2.4, da kuma injunan 2.8 da 3.0. An sadaukar da mafi girma daga cikinsu ga motoci irin su Maserati Ghibli da Levante, da kuma Jeep Grand Cherokee da Wrangler.  

Farashin JTD. Aiki da malfunctions

Babu shakka injunan JTD na Italiyanci da JTDM sun sami nasarar ci gaba, wanda zai iya zama abin mamaki ga wasu. Mummunan rugujewa ba kasafai ba ne, ƙananan lalacewa suna faruwa, amma wannan ya faru ne saboda babban nisan nisan tafiya, rashin dacewa ko amfani mai nauyi, ko rashin isasshen kulawa, wanda har yanzu yana da sauƙin samu.

• 1.3 MultiJet

Siga na asali (ƙarni na farko) da aka shigar akan Fiats yana da turbocharger tare da tsayayyen lissafi na ruwa, wanda ya fi ƙarfin yana da injin injin joometry mai canzawa. Amfanin da babu shakka na wannan ƙananan motar shine tsarin rarraba gas, wanda ya dogara ne akan sarkar da kuma ƙaƙƙarfan maɗauri guda ɗaya. Tare da gudu game da 150 - 200 dubu. km, ana iya samun matsala tare da bawul ɗin EGR.

Lokacin sayen motar da aka yi amfani da ita, ya kamata ku kula da kwanon mai, wanda yake da ƙananan ƙananan, wanda ya sa ya fi dacewa da lalacewa. Akwai nau'ikan wannan rukunin wutar lantarki guda biyu a kasuwa: tare da tacewar dizal wanda ya dace da ka'idojin fitar da hayaki na Yuro 5 kuma ba tare da tace man dizal wanda ya dace da Yuro 4 ba.

Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun tacewa a cikin motocin da aka shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje, inda tsarin Euro 5 ke aiki tun 2008, kuma a Poland ya bayyana ne kawai a cikin 2010. A halin yanzu, a cikin 2009, an ƙaddamar da ƙarni na biyu na 1.3 Multijet tare da matatar da aka shigar da masana'anta. Wannan ingantaccen gini ne wanda, tare da kulawa mai kyau, zai iya tafiya kilomita dubu 200-250. mil ba tare da wata matsala ba.

• 1.6 MultiJet

Injin ya bayyana a cikin 2008 kuma yana cikin 1.9 JTD. Tushen motar simintin ƙarfe ne tare da camshafts guda biyu waɗanda bel ɗin ke motsa su. A cikin wannan zane, injiniyoyi sun mayar da hankali kan inganta aiki, rage yawan man fetur da rage hayakin abin hawa. 1.6 MultiJet yana da silinda huɗu, tsarin gama gari na ƙarni na biyu da ƙira mai sauƙi.

Ana iya samun turbocharger tare da ƙayyadaddun lissafi na ruwa a cikin nau'ikan 90 da 105 hp. Mafi rauni iri-iri ba shi da tacewa. A cikin wannan injin, Fiat ta yi amfani da ɗayan mafita mafi ban sha'awa, wato an shigar da tacewa DPF nan da nan bayan kwampreso, wanda ke da tasiri mai kyau akan isa matsakaicin zafin zafi na soot - wanda ke sa tace a zahiri ba shi da kulawa.

• 1.9 JTD Unijet

Za mu iya a amince cewa wannan shi ne flagship motor na Italiyanci manufacturer. Lokacin da samar ya fadi a kan 1997 - 2002. An samo ƙirar bawul takwas a cikin zaɓuɓɓukan wutar lantarki da yawa, injunan sun bambanta da nau'in kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su, gami da. nau'ikan iri, injectors da turbos.

80 hp version yana da turbocharger tare da ƙayyadaddun joometry na ruwan wukake, sauran - tare da madaidaicin lissafi. Na'urar allurar solenoid Bosch ne ya kawo shi kuma ana iya gyara shi cikin arha idan aka samu matsala. Mitar kwarara da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, da kuma EGR, na iya zama gaggawa (toshe). A mafi girman nisan miloli, yana iya yin karo da na'urar tashi sama, idan wannan ya faru, ana iya maye gurbinsa da ƙaya guda ɗaya.  

• 1.9 8V / 16V MultiJet

Magaji ya bayyana a shekara ta 2002 kuma, ba kamar wanda ya gabace shi ba, ya banbanta musamman wajen amfani da allurar Common Rail II. Masana galibi suna ba da shawarar zaɓuɓɓukan bawul 8. A wannan yanayin, an kuma ba da nozzles ta kamfanin Jamus Bosch. Mafi na kowa a kasuwa shi ne 120-horsepower version. Haɗin gwiwar masana'anta kuma sun haɗa da injin da ke da cajin tagwaye mai nauyin lita 1.9. Tsari ne mai matukar ci gaba da tsada don gyarawa. A cikin 2009, an gabatar da sabon ƙarni na injunan Multijet 2.

• 2.0 MultiJet II

Sabuwar ƙirar ta dogara ne akan na ɗan ƙaramin ɗan'uwa. Motar ta sami gyare-gyare da yawa waɗanda suka ba shi damar bin ƙa'idodin fitar da hayaƙin Yuro 5. Naúrar tana aiki azaman ma'auni tare da tacewa DPF da bawul ɗin EGR mai sarrafa lantarki. Tsarin alluran layin dogo na yau da kullun (wanda kuma Bosch ke bayarwa) yana haifar da matsa lamba na mashaya 2000, bawul ɗin hydraulic daidai adadin man fetur, wanda ke rage yawan mai da haɓaka aikin injin. Masu amfani da shigarwa suna ba da rahoton matsaloli tare da yawan amfani da mai, tacewa DPF da bawul ɗin EGR, wanda shine lantarki kuma ya fi tsada don maye gurbin. A wannan yanayin, zaka iya samun nau'in biturbo, wanda zai iya zama tsada kuma yana da wuyar gyarawa.

• 2.2JTD

A cewar wasu ka'idoji, an ƙirƙiri injin ne don buƙatun manyan motoci masu daraja ta Fiat da Lancia. A fasaha, wannan shine tsarin PSA - tare da tsarin Rail Common. A shekara ta 2006, injiniyoyi sun yi canje-canje masu mahimmanci da kuma ƙara ƙarfin lantarki. Masana sun mai da hankali ga rashin aikin injector mai maimaitawa (sa'a, ana iya sabunta su), da kuma ƙafafun ƙafa biyu da kuma tacewa.  

• 2.4 20 V MultiJet 175/180 km

Motar da aka yi muhawara a cikin 2003, tana da kan silinda mai bawul 20 da allura kai tsaye na ƙarni na biyu na MultiJet, haka kuma da madaidaicin injin turbocharger da tacewa DPF. Amfanin da babu shakka na ƙira shine ingantacciyar haɓakawa, konewa mai ma'ana da al'adun aiki. Sassan suna da tsada sosai, matsalar na iya kasancewa a cikin tacewa DPF da bawul ɗin EGR.

Ya kamata a tuna cewa wannan ƙirar ci gaba ce, don haka farashin gyara ba su da ƙasa. Sigar farko na 10-valve, wanda aka samar tsakanin 1997 da 2002, ya fi ɗorewa, yana da sassa mafi sauƙi, don haka yana da tsawon rai kuma, mahimmanci, kulawa mai rahusa.

• 2.8 MultiJet

Wannan samfur ne na VM Motori, ƙwararren Italiyanci na rukunin diesel wanda ya dogara da fasahar jirgin ƙasa gama gari da injectors na piezoelectric tare da matsa lamba na mashaya 1800. Rashin amfanin wannan ƙira shine matatar DPF mai matsala. Musamman lokacin tuki a cikin birni, toho yana taruwa sosai, wanda hakan ke rage ƙarfin injin tare da yin gyare-gyare masu tsada. Duk da wannan, sashin yana da suna don kasancewa na dindindin.

• 3.0 V6 MultiJet

Hakanan VM Motori ne ya ƙirƙira wannan ƙirar, sanye take da madaidaicin injin turbocharger daga mashahurin kamfanin Garret da tsarin wutar lantarki na MultiJet II. Naúrar tana da ƙarfi, masu amfani suna jaddada cewa kulawa na asali (tare da lokaci ɗaya) ya kamata a yi canje-canjen mai sau da yawa fiye da ƙayyadaddun da masana'anta suka kayyade.

Farashin JTD. Wanne raka'a ne zai zama mafi kyawun zaɓi?

Kamar yadda kake gani, akwai nau'o'in JTD da JTDM da yawa, injinan suna da kyau, amma idan muka yi magana game da jagora, to sai mu zaɓi nau'in 1.9 JTD. Makanikai da masu amfani da kansu suna yaba wa wannan rukunin don inganci da karbuwar amfani da mai. Babu ƙarancin kayayyakin gyara a kasuwa, ana samun su kusan nan da nan kuma sau da yawa akan farashi mai ma'ana. Misali, cikakken kayan aikin lokaci tare da famfon ruwa yana kashe kusan PLN 300, kit ɗin kama tare da dabaran taro-dual-mass don nau'in 105 hp. Bugu da ƙari, tushen 1300 JTD yana da tsayayya ga ƙananan man fetur, wanda, rashin alheri, yana da mummunar tasiri ga al'adun aikinsa, amma wani abu don wani abu. 

Skoda. Gabatar da layin SUVs: Kodiaq, Kamiq da Karoq