Wayar jan karfe ce tsaftataccen abu (me yasa?)

Don a rarraba shi azaman abu mai tsafta, wani abu ko fili dole ne ya ƙunshi nau'in zarra ko ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya. Iska, ruwa da nitrogen misalai ne na gama gari na abubuwa masu tsafta. Amma game da tagulla fa? Wayar jan karfe abu ne mai tsafta?

Haka ne, waya ta jan karfe abu ne mai tsafta. Ya ƙunshi zarra na jan ƙarfe kawai. Duk da haka, wannan magana ba koyaushe gaskiya ba ce. Wani lokaci ana iya haɗa wayar tagulla da sauran karafa. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, ba za mu iya rarraba wayar tagulla a matsayin wani abu mai tsafta ba.

Shin jan karfe abu ne mai tsafta (me yasa ko me ya sa)?

Za mu iya rarraba tagulla a matsayin wani abu mai tsafta ganin cewa wannan karfen yana dauke da atom na jan karfe ne kawai. Ga electron da proton rarraba na jan karfe.

Me yasa jan ƙarfe ba zai iya zama mai tsarki ba?

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, don zama tsaftataccen abu, wani abu ko fili dole ne ya ƙunshi nau'in tubalin gini guda ɗaya kawai. Yana iya zama wani sinadari kamar zinariya ko fili kamar gishiri.

Tip: Ana yin gishiri daga sodium da chlorine.

Duk da haka, waɗannan abubuwa da mahadi ba za su wanzu a cikin tsarkakkiyar sifar su ba koyaushe. Don haka, ana iya haɗa tagulla da sauran abubuwa. Misali, saboda gurbatar yanayi, jan karfe na iya hadewa da wasu abubuwa.

Ko da yake muna lakafta tagulla a matsayin wani abu mai tsafta, za ka iya samun guntuwar tagulla waɗanda ba tagulla ba.

Tagulla wani abu ne?

Ee, tare da alamar Cu, jan ƙarfe wani abu ne wanda ke da halayen ƙarfe mai laushi da ductile. Copper shine lamba 29 akan tebur na lokaci-lokaci. A cikin ƙarfen jan ƙarfe, za a iya samun atom ɗin jan ƙarfe kawai.

Copper yana da babban ƙarfin lantarki. Fuskar jan karfe da aka fallasa za ta sami launin ruwan hoda-orange.

Duk wani abu da aka sani wanda ba za a iya raba shi zuwa wasu abubuwa ba, ana kiransa element. Misali, iskar oxygen wani sinadari ne. Kuma hydrogen wani sinadari ne. Amma ruwa ba wani abu bane. Ruwa ya ƙunshi oxygen da atom ɗin hydrogen. Saboda haka, ana iya raba shi zuwa abubuwa daban-daban guda biyu.

Tagulla wani fili ne?

A'a, jan karfe ba mahadi ba ne. Don a yi la'akari da wani fili, abubuwa daban-daban guda biyu dole ne su kulla alaka da juna. Alal misali, carbon dioxide wani fili ne. Ya ƙunshi carbon da oxygen.

Ko jan karfe cakude ne?

A'a, jan karfe ba cakuda ba ne. Don a rarraba shi azaman cakuda, abin da ake nufi dole ne ya ƙunshi abubuwa daban-daban biyu ko fiye. Koyaya, waɗannan abubuwan dole ne su kasance a cikin yanki ɗaya na zahiri. Bugu da kari, dole ne abu ya kasance ba a ɗaure ba.

Copper ya ƙunshi abu ɗaya kawai, don haka jan ƙarfe ba cakuda ba ne.

Koyaya, ana iya yiwa wasu samfuran tagulla lakabi azaman cakuda. Misali, masana'antun suna haɗa wasu karafa da tagulla don canza halayensu na zahiri. Ga wasu misalan hada-hadar tagulla.

• Karfe na zamiya (Cu - 95% da Zn - 5%)
• Karfin tagulla (Cu - 70% da Zn - 30%)
• Phosphor tagulla (Cu – 89.75 % da Sn – 10 %, P – 0.25 %)

Idan kana neman wasu 'yan misalan, ruwan gishiri da ruwan sukari sune gaurayawan da aka fi amfani da su a kullum.

Menene waya ta jan karfe za ta iya ƙunsa?

Yawancin lokaci, ana iya rarraba waya ta jan karfe azaman abu mai tsafta. Ya ƙunshi zarra na jan ƙarfe kawai. Duk da haka, kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, wasu masana'antun suna ƙara wasu karafa don canza halayen jiki na wayar tagulla. Ana ƙaddamar da waɗannan canje-canje don inganta ƙarfi da dorewar waya ta jan ƙarfe. Misalai na yau da kullun sune tagulla, titanium da tagulla. Don haka, idan muka yi la'akari da wayar tagulla gaba ɗaya, to, wayar tagulla ba abu ne mai tsafta ba.

Wayar jan karfe ce cakuda?

Ya dogara da nau'in wayar tagulla. Idan wayar tagulla kawai ta haɗa da tagulla mai tsafta, ba za mu iya ɗaukar wayar tagulla azaman cakuda ba. Amma idan wayar tagulla ta ƙunshi wasu karafa, ana iya lakafta ta azaman cakuda.

Wayar jan karfe ce gauraya iri-iri ko iri-iri?

Kafin sanin nau'in mahadi na wayar tagulla, kuna buƙatar fahimtar nau'ikan mahadi daban-daban. Ainihin akwai nau'ikan gaurayawan nau'i biyu; Cakuda mai kama da juna ko gauraya iri-iri. (1)

Cakuda mai kama da juna

Idan kayan da ke cikin cakuda sun yi kama da sinadarai, muna kiran shi cakuda mai kama da juna.

cakuda iri-iri

Idan kayan da ke cikin cakuda suna da nau'in sinadarai iri-iri, muna kiran shi gauraye iri-iri.

Don haka, idan ana maganar wayar tagulla, idan ta ƙunshi tagulla kawai, za mu iya kiranta da wani abu mai kama da juna. Ka tuna, wayar jan ƙarfe abu ne mai kama da juna kawai, ba gauraya iri ɗaya ba.

Duk da haka, idan wayar tagulla ta ƙunshi wasu karafa, wannan cakuda yana kama da juna.

Ka tuna: Ana iya samun nau'ikan wayoyi na tagulla waɗanda ba su dace da sinadarai ba. Wannan ya faru ne saboda lahani na masana'antu. Wannan yana nufin cewa wayar tagulla ba ta aiki azaman ƙarfe mai ƙarfi. Amma, tare da fasahar zamani, yana da wuya a sami irin waɗannan wayoyi na tagulla.  

bambanci tsakanin tsarkakakken abu da cakuda

Abu mai tsafta yana da nau'in zarra guda ɗaya ko nau'in kwayoyin halitta guda ɗaya. Dole ne a samar da waɗannan kwayoyin daga nau'in abu ɗaya kawai.

Don haka, kamar yadda kuka fahimta, jan ƙarfe yana da nau'in zarra guda ɗaya kawai, kuma wannan abu ne mai tsafta.

Ruwan ruwa fa?

Ruwan ruwa ya ƙunshi oxygen da atom ɗin hydrogen, kuma sun zama H₂O. Bugu da kari, ruwa mai ruwa ya ƙunshi H₂Molecules O. Saboda haka, ruwa ruwa abu ne mai tsafta. Bugu da ƙari, gishiri na tebur, aka NaCl, abu ne mai tsabta. NaCl ya ƙunshi atom ɗin sodium da chlorine kawai.

Abubuwan da suka ƙunshi nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta ko atom waɗanda ba su da tsari na yau da kullun ana kiran su gaurayawan. Mafi kyawun misali shine vodka.

Vodka yana kunshe da kwayoyin ethanol da kwayoyin ruwa. Wadannan kwayoyin suna haduwa da juna ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Don haka, vodka shine cakuda. Ana iya rarraba Salami a matsayin cakuda. Ya ƙunshi kitse da sunadaran da suka haɗa da kwayoyin halitta daban-daban. (2)

Dubi wasu labaran mu a kasa.

• Menene ma'anar OL akan multimeter
• Yadda ake haɗa kewayen wutan lantarki

shawarwari

(1) Cakuda mai kama da juna ko gauraya iri-iri - https://www.thoughtco.com/heterogeneous-and-homogeneous-mixtures-606106

(2) Vodka - https://www.forbes.com/sites/joemicallef/2021/10/01/the-spirits-masters-announces-the-worlds-best-vodkas/

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