Zaɓin gilashin iska

Yawancin masu motoci, suna fuskantar irin wannan matsala kamar maye gurbin tagogin mota, suna tambayar kansu wannan tambaya: "Wane gilashin da za a saya, na asali ko na asali?"

Abin da ya kamata ya zama gilashin auto: asali ko a'a

A gefe guda, kowa zai so a sami kayan asali kawai a cikin motarsa, amma a daya bangaren, abubuwan asali sun fi na na asali tsada biyu ko ma uku. Don haka ta yaya za ku saya gilashin mota mai kyau, ajiye kadan kuma kada ku rasa inganci? Kafin ka iya amsa wannan tambayar, kana buƙatar fahimta da yawa.

Ana shigar da sassa na asali a masana'antar da ta samar da wannan ko waccan motar. Babu daya daga cikin masana'antun da ke samar da gilashin mota, ana siya su daga ƴan kwangila. Sunan gilashin "asali" kawai don wani nau'in mota ne kawai, ga sauran samfuran ba za a sake la'akari da asali ba. Bisa ga wannan, ana iya fahimtar cewa kalmar "asali" tana ɓoye gaba ɗaya na wani masana'anta na gilashi.

Masu kera gilashin motoci na kamfanoni daban-daban sun bambanta sosai da juna. Masana'antun Turai suna tausasa tagogin mota, wanda rashin amfaninsa shine ƙara juzu'i. Ga masana'antun kasar Sin, sun fi wahala saboda suna da nau'in sinadarai daban-daban fiye da narke gilashi.

Rayuwar sabis na gilashi don mota na masana'antun biyu ya dogara da dalilai da yawa, ɗayan ɗayan shine yanayin aiki. Kulawa da kulawa daidai suke ga masana'antun biyu.

Babban bambanci tsakanin gilashin mota na Turai da China shine farashin. Sinawa sun fi na asali gajeru da yawa. Kuma wannan ba yana nufin cewa ingancinsa ya fi muni ba. Wani lokaci har ma da sassan kasar Sin ana ba da su ga masana'antu da yawa, ciki har da na Turai, kuma farashin su zai yi ƙasa kaɗan. Abun shine cewa a kasar Sin, farashin samarwa ba shi da yawa kuma kayan yana da arha.

Nau'in gilashin iska da fasaha don samar da su

Masu kera gilashin mota suna amfani da fasaha daban-daban. Ga motocin da aka kera:

• Stalinist. Ana ƙona kayan zuwa babban yanayin zafi kuma a hankali sanyaya. Stalinite yana da ɗorewa, akan tasiri yana rushewa cikin ƙananan guntu marasa kaifi.
• Sau uku. Ayyukan Triplex ya dogara ne akan amfani da gilashin kwayoyin halitta, fim da manne. An rufe kayan da fim a bangarorin biyu kuma an manne. Kayan abu mai tsada yana ɗaukar sauti da kyau, yana da ɗorewa kuma baya buƙatar gyare-gyare masu rikitarwa.
• Multilayer. Zaɓin mafi tsada da dorewa. An haɗa zanen gado da yawa tare. Gilashin da aka ɗora an saka shi a ko'ina cikin manyan motoci masu daraja da motocin sulke masu tarin yawa.

Triplex zai zama zaɓi mai karɓa.

Iri gilashin mota

Tempering na stalinite gilashin a lokacin dumama zuwa 650-6800 C da kuma m m sanyaya tare da halin yanzu na sanyi iska halitta saura sojojin a kan surface da nufin matsawa da kuma kara surface ƙarfi da thermal kwanciyar hankali. Lokacin da aka karye, gilashin zafin jiki a ƙarƙashin rinjayar rundunonin sararin samaniya yana karyewa zuwa ƙananan ɓangarorin da yawa waɗanda ba su da gefuna masu kaifi kuma suna da aminci ga fasinja da direba.

Stalinite lafiya amma gaggautsa.

Stalinite gilashin da ake amfani da shi a masana'antar kera motoci don gilashin baya da kofa, da kuma rufin rana. Ana iya gane shi ta alamar tare da harafin "T" ko rubutun Templado, wanda ke nufin "Mai fushi". Gilashin wutar lantarki na Rasha don motoci ana yiwa alama da harafin "Z".

Triplex ya fi kwanciyar hankali kuma abin dogaro

Triplex: gilashin, wanda shine zanen gado biyu da aka haɗa da fim din butyl polyvinyl. Layer na roba na kwayoyin halitta yana haifar da juriya na tasiri na gilashi zuwa tasirin injiniya na waje. Lokacin da gilashin ya karye, guntuwarsa ba sa faɗuwa, amma suna manne da layin filastik, don haka ba sa yin barazana ga direba da fasinja da ke zaune a gaba. Gilashin triplex mai jurewa da tasiri ana amfani dashi a cikin masana'antar kera motoci azaman gilashin iska.

Mafi sau da yawa ana amfani da su wajen kera gilashin iska. Bugu da ƙari, juriya na hawaye, gilashin triplex yana da ƙarin halayen aikin da ke taimakawa wajen rarraba shi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ikon ɗaukar amo, rage ƙarancin zafin jiki da juriya mai zafi, yuwuwar tabo.

Gilashin keɓaɓɓen gilashin mota, wanda ya ƙunshi zanen gado da yawa kuma yana da Layer na halitta fiye da ɗaya, ba kasafai ake amfani da shi a cikin keɓantaccen ƙirar mota na alatu ba. Suna haifar da zafi mai kyau da sauti na cikin motar, kuma ana iya amfani da su a cikin motocin sulke masu sulke.

Gilashin da aka rufe da makamai Audi A8 L Tsaro. Gilashin nauyi - 300 kg, a kwantar da hankali yana jure bugun daga makamai na atomatik

Zai yiwu a cikin fasaha da inganci shigar da gilashin mota a jikin mota kawai tare da taimakon kayan aiki na musamman da kayan aiki waɗanda ke samuwa a cikin bita da kuma shagunan gyarawa. A gaban ƙananan lalacewa a cikin nau'i na microcracks da kwakwalwan kwamfuta, ana iya cire su ta hanyar gogewa ba tare da cire gilashin ba. Yana da kyau a maye gurbin gilashin idan akwai manyan tsage-tsalle masu tsayi waɗanda ke barazanar lalata shi. Ana iya shigar da gilashin mota tare da manne ko hatimin roba.

Hanya ta farko, mafi ci gaba tana ba jiki ƙarin ƙarfi. Yana da tsayin daka da tsayin haɗin kai. Hanya ta biyu, ta amfani da hatimin roba, na cikin hanyar gargajiya, amma sannu a hankali tana ɓacewa daga amfani mai amfani.

Gilashin mota yana yin alama ta hanyar haɗin kai, wanda aka karɓa tsakanin masana'antun gilashi, kuma an yi masa alama a ɗaya daga cikin kusurwoyi. Alamar gilashi ta ƙunshi takamaiman bayani game da nau'in da masana'anta.

Lambar kalmomi ta duniya

A cikin Ingilishi na Biritaniya (Birtaniya, Ostiraliya, New Zealand), ana amfani da kalmar "gilashin iska" don nufin abin rufe fuska. Bugu da kari, gilashin gilasan mota na wasannin da ba su wuce 20 cm ba (inci 8 daidai) wani lokaci ana kiranta da “aeroscreens”.

A cikin Ingilishi na Amurka, ana amfani da kalmar "gilashin iska", kuma "gilashin iska" yawanci yana nufin abin rufe fuska ko polyurethane makirufo wanda ke rage hayaniyar baya. A cikin Ingilishi na Burtaniya, akasin haka.

A cikin Turancin Jafananci, kwatankwacin gilashin iska shine "tagar gaba".

A cikin Jamusanci, "gilashin iska" zai zama "Windschutzscheibe", kuma a cikin Faransanci "pare-brise". Italiyanci da Mutanen Espanya suna amfani da kamanni da kalmomin da ke da alaƙa da harshe "parabrezza" da "gilashin iska", bi da bi.

Yi-da-kanka matakan maye gurbin gilashin

Cire tsohon gilashin iska

Ana saka igiya ko wuka ta musamman tsakanin gilashin da tsagi kuma an yanke tsohuwar lilin. Yi hankali sosai lokacin zagayawa wurin da ke kusa da dash don guje wa lalata filastik.

Ana shirya wuri don manne gilashin gilashi

Tare da wuka mai gina jiki, mun yanke ragowar tsohuwar sealant. Yin gyare-gyare a cikin wannan yanayin, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya kasa, amma ba mu manta da saya sabon abu ba, don haka kada mu damu da yawa. Gwajin sabon gilashi don wurin nan gaba.

Yi bayanin kula tare da alamar idan ya cancanta. A kan wasu ƙirar mota akwai tasha na musamman waɗanda ba za su ba da izinin shigarwa da maye gurbin gilashin ba daidai ba. Idan ba ku da mariƙin gilashi, shirya wurin da ke kan murfin ta rufe shi da wani abu mai laushi tukuna don kada ya lalata sabon gilashin iska.

Ragowar gilasai

Ko dai mai ragewa daga kayan kit ko na'urar lalata siliki.

Ciko

Ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da firamare a kan ragowar abin rufewar da ya gabata ba. Ana amfani da firamare a cikin Layer ɗaya tare da goga ko swab daga kit. Ana amfani da firamare a wurin gluing a jiki, kuma a kan gilashin a wurin da ake sa ran tuntuɓar tsagi.

Mai kunnawa

Suna aiwatar da ragowar da ba a cire ba na tsohuwar sealant.

Abubuwan Yi da Abin da Ba a Yi na Sauyawa Gilashin Gilashin

1. A guji bugun kofa da babbar murya. Yawancin motoci suna da tsarin rufewa, don haka yi ƙoƙarin kada ku rufe kofofin daidai bayan shigar da sabon gilashin. Ƙofar ƙofar zai haifar da wuce haddi na iska a kan gilashin gilashi, wanda zai iya karya sabon hatimi cikin sauƙi. Wannan, bi da bi, zai haifar da ɗigogi kuma ya motsa gilashin daga matsayinsa na asali.

2. Lokacin wanke motarka bai yi ba tukuna! Bayan maye gurbin gilashin motar ku, kada ku wanke shi har tsawon sa'o'i 48 masu zuwa. A lokaci guda, muna so mu lura cewa ba atomatik ko wanke hannu ba a wannan lokacin ba a so. Ka kiyaye wannan mahimmancin tukwici kuma ka guji duk wani ruwa mara amfani ko iska a cikin abin hawanka na akalla awanni 48 ko makamancin haka.

Idan kun yi watsi da wannan shawarar, za ku iya kawai lalata sabon hatimin gilashin, wanda har yanzu ba a sanya shi da kyau ba. A halin yanzu, gilashin gilashin ya bushe, ƙafafun motar za a iya wanke da kanka, ba shakka, tare da hannunka.

3. Jira tare da tafiye-tafiye. Idan kawai ka shigar da gilashin gilashin a motarka, gwada kada ka tuka ta na akalla sa'a daya ko biyu. Kamar yadda kuka lura, don maye gurbin gilashin, kuna buƙatar manne da gilashin kanta. Bayan duk hanyoyin, suna buƙatar lokaci don nemo ma'auni tare da zafi da zafin jiki na yanayi.

4. Sauya goge goge. Na'urorin goge gilashin na'urorin injina ne waɗanda akai-akai ke nufi da gilashin motar, don haka akwai damar da za su lalata gilashin ko kuma su bar shi da ɓarna. Don haka, gilashin zai fara lalacewa kuma saboda haka za a buƙaci a canza shi kowane 'yan watanni. Sabili da haka, ɗauki mataki nan da nan, canza masu gogewa da wuri-wuri.

5. Gilashin tef. A matsayinka na mai mulki, a cikin aiwatar da maye gurbin gilashin gilashi tare da hannunka, ana amfani da tef na musamman don gyara shi. Tabbatar cewa tef ɗin ɗaya ya tsaya akan gilashin iska na akalla sa'o'i 24. Kuna iya hawa da wannan tef ɗin, baya tsoma baki tare da kallo kwata-kwata, amma idan kun cire wannan tef ɗin, tallafin da gilashin gilashin yanzu ke buƙata zai ɓace.

Abubuwan Aerodynamic

Kamar yadda gwaje-gwajen mai bincike na Amurka V.E. Leia akan samfura a cikin rami na iska, lissafi da matsayi na gilashin gilashi suna da tasiri sosai akan motsin motsin motar.

Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙimar coefficient Cx (watau mafi ƙanƙanta aerodynamic ja), ceteris paribus, ana samun su a kusurwar sha'awar gilashin gilashin 45 ... 50 digiri dangane da a tsaye, ƙarin haɓakawa yana aikatawa. ba haifar da wani gagarumin ci gaba a streamlining.

Bambanci tsakanin mafi kyawun dabi'u da mafi munin dabi'u (tare da shingen iska a tsaye) shine 8 ... 13%.

Irin wannan gwaje-gwajen sun nuna cewa bambanci a cikin aerodynamic coefficients na mota tare da lebur gilashin gilashin da gilashin gilashin na mafi aerodynamically m siffar (semicircular, wanda ba za a iya samu a cikin mota na gaske) a karkashin daidai yanayi ne 7...12%.

Bugu da ƙari, wallafe-wallafen sun nuna cewa tsarin sauye-sauye daga gilashin gilashi zuwa rufin, sassan jiki da kaho suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara hoton motar motar, wanda ya kamata ya zama mai santsi kamar yadda zai yiwu. A yau, ana amfani da maɓalli mai ɓarna a cikin nau'i na "baya" na baya na kaho, wanda ke karkatar da kwararar iska daga gefen murfin da gilashin iska, don haka wipers suna cikin "inuwa" mai iska. Gutters kada a kasance a wurin sauyawa daga gilashin iska zuwa sassan jiki da rufin, yayin da waɗannan canje-canjen suna ƙara saurin iska.

Muhimmancin yin amfani da gilashin manne na zamani, wanda ba wai kawai yana rage yawan jan iska ba, har ma yana ƙara ƙarfin tsarin jiki gaba ɗaya, an jaddada.