Duk Game da Tayoyin Jirgin Sama

Taya ce mai tattara duk ayyukan fasaha (ban da ɗaya: riko na gefe)

20 mashaya matsa lamba, 340 km / h, zazzabi bambanci daga -50 zuwa 200 ° C, fiye da 25 ton na kaya ...

Bayan ganin yadda taya GP ya kasance kololuwar taya babur, ga ƙarin haske game da duniyar tayoyi masu ban mamaki! Kuma wannan hasken ya kawo mu tayar jirgin samawanda tabbas shine bas ɗin da ke tattara mafi yawan matsalolin fasaha. Amma bari mu sanya wasu abubuwan da ke tattare da mahallin kafin mu shiga cikin zuciyar lamarin.

Manyan iyalai 4 da rashin jituwar fasaha

Duniyar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ta kasu zuwa manyan iyalai huɗu: Jirgin saman farar hula yana nufin ƙananan jiragen sama masu zaman kansu kamar Cessna. Jirgin na yankin ya shafi matsakaitan jirage masu karfin kujeru 20 zuwa 149, wadanda ke tafiya kusan kilomita dari da dama, da kuma jiragen kasuwanci. Jirgin sama na kasuwanci yana da ikon tafiyar da jirage masu wucewa. Dangane da jirgin saman soja, an yi masa suna daidai.

Duk da haka, taya jirgin sama yana fama da babbar matsala. An yi iƙirarin cewa fasaha ce ta haɓaka, amma a cikin uku daga cikin iyalai huɗu na kasuwanci (filin jirgin saman farar hula, yanki da na soja), robar jirgin sama har yanzu yana da masaniyar fasaha. Ee, diagonal, ba radial kamar kyakkyawar haɗin gwiwarmu na gaba ko, kwanan nan, mai kyau Honda CB 750 K0! Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa a cikin sufurin jiragen sama, alal misali, akwai nau'o'in nau'o'in nau'i da yawa waɗanda ke iya ba da taya.

Dalilin yana da sauƙi: a cikin jirgin sama, ƙa'idodin yarda da kayan aiki suna da tsauri da rikitarwa. Don haka, lokacin da aka amince da wani sashi akan jirgin, an tabbatar da shi don rayuwar jirgin. Homoloding wani sashe zai yi tsada sosai, kuma tun da tsawon rayuwar jirgin ya kai aƙalla shekaru 3, wani lokaci kuma ya fi tsayi, matakan fasaha sun yi ƙasa da sauran fannoni. Don haka, kowane sabon ƙarni na jirgin sama yana haɓaka ƙimar radialization kasuwa.

Wannan ya fi wahala a sufurin jiragen sama na kasuwanci, inda ma'auni ya fi tsanani. Saboda haka, tayoyin suna radial, kuma 'yan wasa biyu ne kawai suka mallaki wannan fasaha kuma suna raba kasuwa: Michelin da Bridgestone. Barka da zuwa lerepairedespilotesdavion.com !!

Rayuwa (mai wuya) tayoyin jirgin Boeing ko Airbus

Ka yi tunanin cewa kai bas ne na jirgin sama (babu dalili, 'yan Hindu suna mafarkin reincarnating a matsayin saniya ko furen magarya). Don haka, kai tayal jirgin sama ne da aka saka, ka ce, Airbus A340 ko Boeing 777, a cikin sigar su mai tsayi. Kuna shiru a kan kwalta na Terminal 2F a cikin Roissy. An share hanyoyin. Kamshi sabo ne. Ma'aikatan jirgin suna zuwa. Hmm, masu masaukin baki suna da ban mamaki a yau! Akwatunan a bude suke, kayan sun shigo, fasinjoji suka tafi, suna murna da tafiya hutu. An lodin tiren abinci: naman sa ko kaza?

A daya bangaren kuma, kana jin nauyi kadan, kamar an matse a kafadu. Dole ne in ce kusan lita 200 na kananzir an jefa a cikin fikafikan ku. Duk abin da ya haɗa, jirgin zai iya yin nauyi kusan tan 000. Babu shakka, ba kai kaɗai ba ne don ɗaukar duk wannan taro: Jirgin Airbus A380 yana da tayoyi 340, A14, 380. Duk da haka, kodayake girman ku yana kama da girman tayar babbar mota, dole ne ku ɗauki nauyin tan 22, yayin da Tayar mota tana ɗaukar matsakaicin ton 27 kawai.

Kowa ya shirya don farawa. Kunna faifai. Duba kishiyar kofa. Zai cutar da ku a can. Domin ya bar filin saukar jirgin, da lodin kaya zai yi juyi da kansa domin ya fito daga wurin ajiye motoci. Roba don taya zai yi tasiri mai tsauri, wani nau'in yagewa a wurin hulɗa. Kai!

Abin da ake kira "taxi" lokaci: taksi tsakanin ƙofar da titin jirgin sama. Ana yin wannan tafiya a cikin ƙananan gudu, amma yayin da tashoshin jiragen sama ke girma, ana iya yin shi fiye da ƴan kilomita. Anan, wannan kuma ba labari bane mai daɗi a gare ku: taya yana da nauyi sosai, yana birgima na dogon lokaci kuma yana zafi. Har ma ya fi muni a babban filin jirgin sama mai zafi mai zafi (misali Johannesburg); mafi kyau a wani karamin filin jirgin sama a arewacin kasashen (misali Ivano).

A gaban waƙar: gas! A cikin kimanin daƙiƙa 45 matukin jirgin zai kai ga gudun tashinsa (250 zuwa 320 km / h ya danganta da ƙarfin jirgin da iska). Wannan yunƙuri ne na ƙarshe don taya jirgin sama: ana ƙara iyakar gudu zuwa kaya sannan taya zai iya ɗanɗana zafi sama da 250 ° C. Da zarar a cikin iska, taya yana shiga cikin rami na sa'o'i da yawa. Ku huta, baƙin ciki? Wannan shine abin da, sai dai yana da -50 ° C! A karkashin wadannan yanayi, da yawa kayan za su zama da wuya kamar itace da gaggautsa kamar gilashi: ba taya jirgin sama, wanda zai yi sauri mayar da duk halaye.

Bugu da kari, titin jirgin yana bayyane. Sauka daga jirgin. Jirgin yana taba kasa lami lafiya a gudun kilomita 240 a cikin sa'a. Ga taya, wannan farin ciki ne, saboda kusan babu kerosene, don haka duk abin da ke da nauyin ton ɗari ya kasa, sabili da haka a lokacin waɗannan ƙoƙarin zai tashi zuwa zazzabi na 120 ° C! A gefe guda kuma, fayafai na carbon suna zafi kaɗan, waƙoƙin 8 waɗanda ke haifar da zafi sama da 1200 ° C. Yana zafi! 'Yan wasu gajerun kilomita na tasi da bas na jirgin sama za su iya kwantar da hankali da hutawa a kan kwalta, suna jiran sabon zagayowar ... wanda aka tsara cikin 'yan sa'o'i kadan!

NZG ko RRR, fasahar ci-gaba

Yuli 25, 2000: Bala'i a Roissy lokacin da Concorde na Air France Flight 4590 zuwa New York ya yi hatsari da daƙiƙa 90 bayan tashinsa. Daya daga cikin tayoyin ya lalace sakamakon tarkacen da aka bari a kan titin jirgin; wani guntun taya ya fito ya taba daya daga cikin tankunan ya haifar da fashewa.

A cikin duniyar jirgin sama, wannan abin tsoro ne. Za a yi amfani da masu kera don zana tayoyi masu ƙarfi. Manyan 'yan wasa guda biyu a kasuwa za su fuskanci kalubalen: Michelin tare da fasahar NZG (Near Zero Growth), wanda ke iyakance lalacewar taya (watau ikonsa na lalacewa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba, wanda ke ƙara juriya), ta hanyar amfani da ƙarfin aramid a cikin gawar taya, da Bridgestone tare da RRR (Reinforced Radial Revolutionary Reinforced Radial) wanda ya cim ma fasahar NZG ce ta ba da damar Concorde ya koma iska kafin ya yi ritaya.

Tasirin sumba mai sanyi sau biyu: ƙaƙƙarfan taya yana raguwa, ta haka yana rage yawan man jirgin a lokacin tafiyar taksi.

Samfurin kasuwanci na musamman

A cikin duniyar kasuwanci, ba ku da damuwa da yawa game da siyan taya. Domin idan ka saya, dole ne ka adana, tattara, duba, maye gurbin, sake sarrafa su ... Yana da wahala. A'a, a duniyar kasuwanci ana haya su ne. Sakamakon haka, masu kera taya sun shiga dangantaka mai fa'ida: kula da gudanarwa, samarwa da kuma kula da tayoyin jiragen sama, sannan kuma suna cajin kamfanonin jiragen sama farashin sauka. Kowa yana sha'awar wannan: kamfanoni ba sa damuwa game da cikakkun bayanai kuma suna iya tsammanin farashi, kuma a gefe guda, masana'antun suna amfana daga haɓaka tayoyin da ke daɗe.

Af, tsawon wane lokaci ne tayar jirgin sama na kasuwanci ke ɗauka? Wannan yana da matukar wahala: yana dogara sosai akan nauyin jirgin, tsawon matakan tasi, yanayin yanayin yanayi, da yanayin titin jirgin sama. Bari mu ce, dangane da waɗannan sigogi, akwai kewayon daga 150/200 zuwa 500/600 shafukan. Wannan yana yin kadan ga jirgin sama wanda zai iya yin tashi ɗaya ko biyu a rana. A gefe guda, daga gawa ɗaya, waɗannan tayoyin na iya zama mayar sau da yawa, rike da wannan aikin kowane lokaci a matsayin sabuwar taya, saboda an tsara gawar su don haka.

Wani lamari na musamman na mayaka

Ƙananan nauyi, ƙarin saurin gudu, amma kuma ƙananan ƙara (tun da sararin samaniya ya fi iyakance akan mayaƙan, tayoyin jiragen sama sun kai inci 15) kuma, sama da duka, yanayi mai mahimmanci, tun da, misali, jirgin saman Charles de Gaulle shine. 260 mita, kuma jirgin yana gabatowa a gudun 270 km / h! Don haka ƙarfin ƙarfin ja da baya yana da muni sosai, kuma jirgin yana kula da tsayawa ta hanyar rataye igiyoyi (wanda ake kira "threads" a tsakiya) wanda ke riƙe da famfo mai matsananciyar har zuwa mashaya 800.

Matsakaicin saurin tashi shine 390 km / h. Kowane taya har yanzu yana ɗaukar tan 10,5 kuma matsin lamba shine mashaya 27! Kuma duk da waɗannan iyakoki da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, kowace taya tana da nauyin kilo 24 kawai.

Don haka, a kan waɗannan jiragen, rayuwar taya ta fi guntu kuma ƙila ma za a iya iyakance ta da dacewa idan taya ya taɓa wani igiya yayin saukarwa. A wannan yanayin, an maye gurbin shi da matakan tsaro.

ƙarshe

Don haka: tayan jirgin sama yana da jimillar girman tayar babbar mota. Amma tayar motar na tafiya da gudun kilomita 100 cikin sa’a, ta kan kai sanduna 8, tana daukar kusan ton 5 kuma tana da nauyin kilo 60. Tayoyin jiragen sama suna tafiya a 340 km / h, suna ɗaukar ton 20 zuwa 30 kuma, yayin da ake ƙarfafa su a ko'ina, suna da nauyin kilo 120 kuma suna kumbura zuwa sanduna 20. Duk wannan yana ɗaukar fasaha, daidai?

Muna cin amana cewa bayan karanta wannan labarin, ba za ku sake shiga jirgi ba tare da kallon tayoyinsa da wani ido ba?