Sojojin Hungary masu sulke a yakin duniya na biyu

Sassan Rajistar Motoci na Farko na Rukunin Panzer na Farko a Gabashin Gabas; lokacin rani 1

Daga cikin kawayen Jamus da ke yaki a Gabashin Gabas a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, rundunar sojojin kasar Hungary - Magyar Királyi Homvédség (MKH) ta tura dakaru masu sulke mafi girma. Bugu da ƙari, Masarautar Hungary tana da masana'antar da za ta iya ƙira da kera sulke (sai dai Masarautar Italiya kaɗai za ta iya yin hakan).

A watan Yuni 1920, 325, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tsakanin Hungary da jihohin Entente a Fadar Grant Trianon a Versailles. Yanayin da Hungary ya tsara yana da wahala: yankin ƙasar ya ragu daga 93 zuwa 21 km², kuma yawan jama'a daga 8 zuwa miliyan 35. Hungary dole ne ya biya diyya na yaki, an hana su kula da sojojin fiye da 1920. mutane. hafsoshi da sojoji, suna da sojojin sama, na ruwa da masana'antar soji, har ma suna gina hanyoyin jiragen kasa masu yawa. Muhimmancin farko na dukkan gwamnatocin Hungary shine su sake duba sharuɗɗan yarjejeniyar ko kuma a ƙi su ba ɗaya. Tun daga Oktoba XNUMX, a cikin dukkan makarantu, ɗalibai suna yin addu'ar addu'ar jama'a: Na gaskanta da Allah / Na gaskanta da ƙasar uwa / Na gaskanta da Adalci / Na gaskanta da tashin Tsohon Hungary.

Daga motoci masu sulke zuwa tankuna - mutane, tsare-tsare da injuna

Yarjejeniyar Trianon ta ba 'yan sandan Hungary damar samun motoci masu sulke. A 1922 akwai goma sha biyu. A cikin 1928, sojojin Hungarian sun fara shirin sabunta fasahar zamani na makamai da kayan aikin soja, ciki har da kafa runduna masu sulke. An sayi tankunan tanki guda uku na Carden-Lloyd Mk IV, tankunan haske na Fiat 3000B na Italiya, tankunan haske m / 21-29 na Sweden shida da motoci masu sulke da yawa. A farkon shekarun 30 ne aka fara aikin samar wa sojojin kasar Hungary da makamai masu sulke, duk da cewa da farko sun hada da shirye-shiryen ayyuka da samfurin motoci masu sulke.

Isar da sabbin motocin sulke na Csaba zuwa sashin layi; 1940

Ayyukan biyu na farko da injiniyan Hungary Miklós Strausler (wanda ke zaune a Birtaniya) ya shirya shi tare da haɗin gwiwar masana'antar Weiss Manfréd a Budapest. An ƙirƙira su ne bisa motocin Alvis AC I da AC II masu sulke. Yin amfani da shawarar da aka zana daga binciken motocin da aka saya a Burtaniya, sojojin Hungary sun ba da umarnin ingantattun motocin sulke na Alvis AC II, wanda aka kera 39M Csaba. An yi su ne da bindigar rigakafin tanka mai tsawon mm 20 da kuma bindigar mashina 8 mm. Kashi na farko na motoci 61 ya bar wuraren samar da Weiss Manfréd a cikin wannan shekarar. A shekarar 32, an ba da odar wani rukunin motoci guda 1940, goma sha biyu daga cikinsu suna cikin nau'in umarni, inda aka maye gurbin manyan makamai da gidajen rediyo biyu masu karfi. Don haka, motar sulke ta Csaba ta zama daidaitattun kayan aiki na sassan leken asiri na Hungary. Motoci da yawa irin wannan sun ƙare a cikin rundunar 'yan sanda. Duk da haka, ba zai tsaya nan ba.

Tun daga farkon 30s, an riga an yi watsi da tanade-tanaden Yarjejeniyar Kashe Makamai na Trianon, kuma a cikin 1934 an sayi tankokin 30 L3 / 33 daga Italiya, kuma a cikin 1936 an ba da oda don tanki 110 a cikin sabon ingantaccen sigar L3. / 35. Tare da sayayya na gaba, sojojin Hungary suna da tankoki 151 na Italiyanci, waɗanda aka rarraba a tsakanin kamfanoni bakwai da aka ba da su ga sojojin dawakai da na motoci. A cikin 1934 guda, an sayi tanki mai haske PzKpfw IA (lambar rajista H-253) daga Jamus don gwaji. A cikin 1936, Hungary ta karɓi tankin haske na Landsverk L-60 kawai daga Sweden don gwaji. A cikin 1937, gwamnatin Hungary ta yanke shawarar yin watsi da yarjejeniyar kwance damara gaba daya tare da kaddamar da shirin fadadawa da kuma zamanantar da sojojin "Haba I". Ya ɗauka, musamman, ƙaddamar da sabuwar mota mai sulke da haɓakar tanki. A cikin 1937, an sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya kan fara samar da tanki mai yawa a Hungary karkashin lasisin Sweden.

Gwajin tankin haske na Landsverk L-60 da aka saya a Sweden; 1936

A ranar 5 ga Maris, 1938, Firayim Minista na gwamnatin Hungary ya ƙaddamar da shirin Gyor, wanda ya ɗauki gagarumin ci gaba na masana'antar soja na cikin gida. A cikin shekaru biyar, za a kashe pengös biliyan daya (kusan kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na kasafin kuɗi na shekara) kan rundunar soja, wanda za a yi amfani da miliyan 600 kai tsaye don faɗaɗa sojojin Hungary. Wannan yana nufin fadada da kuma sabunta sojoji cikin sauri. Sojojin da za su karbi, da dai sauransu, jiragen sama, manyan bindigogi, dakaru masu saukar ungulu, jiragen ruwa na kogi da makamai masu sulke. Za a samar da kayan aikin a cikin gida ko kuma a saya da lamuni daga Jamus da Italiya. A cikin shekarar da aka amince da shirin, sojojin sun kai 85 hafsoshi da sojoji (a 250 - 1928), an maido da aikin soja na tilas na shekaru biyu. Idan ya cancanta, ana iya tattara mutane 40. horar da reservists.

Shi ma Miklos Strausler ya dan samu gogewa wajen kera makamai masu sulke, an gwada tankokinsa na V-3 da V-4 ga sojojin kasar Hungary, amma ya rasa motar sulke ga tankin L-60 na Sweden. Injiniya Otto Marker Bajamushe ne ya kirkiro na ƙarshe kuma an gwada shi daga Yuni 23 zuwa 1 ga Yuli, 1938 a wuraren gwajin Heymasker da Varpalota. Bayan kammala gwaje-gwajen, Janar Grenady-Novak ya ba da shawarar yin guda 64 don samar da kamfanoni huɗu, waɗanda za a haɗa su da brigadi biyu masu sarrafa motoci da na sojan doki biyu. A halin yanzu, an amince da wannan tanki don samarwa azaman 38M Toldi. A taron da aka yi a ranar 2 ga Satumba, 1938 a Ofishin Yaƙi tare da wakilan MAVAG da Ganz, an yi wasu canje-canje ga ainihin daftarin. An yanke shawarar ba da tanki da igwa mai nauyin 36-mm 20M (lasisi Solothurn), wanda zai iya yin wuta a cikin adadin 15-20 zagaye a cikin minti daya. An shigar da bindigar injin Gebauer 34/37 mai tsawon mm 8 a cikin kwandon.

Samfurin farkon tankin yaki na sojojin Hungarian - Toldi; 1938

Saboda gaskiyar cewa Hungarian ba su da kwarewa wajen samar da tankuna, kwangilar farko na motocin Toldi 80 ya dan jinkirta. Dole ne a sayi wasu abubuwan haɗin gwiwa a Sweden da Jamus, gami da. Bussing-MAG injuna. An gina wadannan injuna a masana'antar MAVAG. An sanye su da tankunan Toldi 80 na farko. A sakamakon haka, na'urorin farko na wannan nau'in sun birgima daga layin taro a watan Maris 1940. Tankuna masu lambobin rajista daga H-301 zuwa H-380 an sanya su a matsayin Toldi I, tare da lambobin rajista daga H-381 zuwa H-490 da kuma Toldi II. . An gina raka'a 40 na farko a masana'antar MAVAG, sauran a Ganz. Bayar da kayayyaki ya kasance daga 13 ga Afrilu, 1940 zuwa 14 ga Mayu, 1941. Dangane da tankunan Toldi II, yanayin ya kasance iri ɗaya, an kera motoci masu lambar rajista daga H-381 zuwa H-422 a masana'antar MAVAG, kuma daga H- 424 zuwa H-490 in Gantz.

Ayyukan yaƙi na farko (1939-1941)

An fara amfani da makamai na Hungary na farko bayan taron Munich (Satumba 29-30, 1938), lokacin da yankin kudu maso gabashin Slovakia - Transcarpathian Rus' aka ba Hungary; 11 km² na ƙasar tare da mutane dubu 085 da ke zaune a can da kuma kudancin sabuwar Slovakia da aka kafa - 552 km² na mazaunan 1700. Kasancewa cikin mamayar wannan yanki sun kasance, musamman, Brigade na 70nd motorized tare da platoon na tankunan haske na Fiat 2B da kamfanoni uku na tankunan L3000/3, da kuma 35st da 1nd brigades na sojan doki da suka kunshi kamfanoni hudu na L2/3. tankokin yaki. Raka'a masu sulke sun shiga cikin wannan aiki daga Maris 35 zuwa 17, 23. Ma'aikatan tankokin na kasar Hungary sun sami hasarar farko a lokacin wani hari da jiragen saman Slovak suka kai kan ayarin motocin da ke kusa da Lower Rybnitsa a ranar 1939 ga Maris, lokacin da Kanar Vilmos Orosváry na bataliyar leken asiri ta 24nd Motorized Brigade ya mutu. An ba da lambar yabo da yawa na membobin rukunin masu sulke, gami da: Capt. Tibot Karpathy, Laftanar Laszlo Beldi da Corp. Istvan Feher. Dangantaka tsakanin Jamus da Italiya ya ƙara zama sananne a wannan lokacin; Yayin da waɗannan ƙasashe suka kasance masu jin daɗi ga mutanen Hungary, yawan sha'awar su ya girma.

Jandarma na Hungary a tankin Czechoslovak da ya lalace LT-35; 1939

Maris 1, 1940 Hungary ta kafa runduna uku (1st, 2nd and 3rd). Kowannensu ya kunshi gine-gine uku. An kuma ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar Carpathian mai zaman kanta. Gabaɗaya, sojojin Hungary suna da gawawwaki 12. Bakwai daga cikinsu, tare da gundumomin gawawwaki, an ƙirƙira su ne a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1938 daga ƙungiyoyin haɗaka; VIII Corps a Transcarpathian Rus, Satumba 15, 1939; IX Corps a Arewacin Transylvania (Transylvania) a ranar 4 ga Satumba, 1940. Sojojin da ke motsa jiki da motsi na sojojin Hungary sun ƙunshi brigades biyar: 1st da 2nd brigades da 1st da 2nd brigades motorized brigades a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1938. , da kuma An kirkiro Brigade na 1st Reserve na soja a ranar 1 ga Mayu, 1944. Kowacce daga cikin rundunonin sojan doki ya kunshi wani kamfani mai sarrafa kansa, bataliyar sojan harbin doki, bataliyar sojan bindigu, rukunin babur guda biyu, kamfanin tanka, kamfanin motoci masu sulke, bataliyar leken asiri da babura, da bataliyoyin leken asiri biyu ko uku (bataliyar). ya kunshi kamfanin kera bindigogi da kamfanonin sojan doki uku). Brigade mai motsi yana da makamancin haka, amma a maimakon rundunar hussar, tana da rundunonin bindigu na battalion uku.

A watan Agustan 1940, 'yan Hungary sun shiga yankin arewacin Transylvania, wanda Romania ta mamaye. Daga nan sai yaki ya kusa barkewa. Babban hafsan sojin kasar Hungary ya sanya ranar kai harin a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 1940. Duk da haka, Romawa a ƙarshe sun juya zuwa Jamus da Italiya don shiga tsakani. 'Yan Hungary sun sake zama masu nasara, kuma ba tare da zubar da jini ba. Wani yanki mai girman kilomita 43 tare da yawan jama'a miliyan 104 an haɗa shi zuwa ƙasarsu. A cikin Satumba 2,5, sojojin Hungary sun shiga Transylvania, wanda aka ba da izini ta hanyar sasantawa. Sun hada da, musamman, na 1940st da 1nd na doki Brigades tare da tankuna 2 na Toldi.

Rukunin sulke na Hungary, sanye take da tankunan Italiyanci L3 / 35, an haɗa su cikin Transcarpathian Rus; 1939

Rundunar Hungarian ta yanke shawarar cewa fifikon farko shi ne samar da makamai masu sulke. Don haka an fadada duk wasu ayyukan da suka shafi karfafa sojojin da ke yaki da kuma sake fasalin rundunar. Tankunan Toldi sun riga sun kasance suna aiki tare da rundunonin sojan doki huɗu. Samuwar su ya ɗauki tsawon lokaci fiye da yadda ake tsammani. Har zuwa Oktoba 1940, brigades hudu sun haɗa da kamfani ɗaya kawai na tankuna 18 na Toldi. An fara sauya runduna ta 9 da ta 11 masu sarrafa kansu zuwa ga masu sulke, wanda shi ne ya zama ginshikin samar da brigade mai sulke na farko na kasar Hungary. An kuma kara yawan tankunan yakin neman zabe daga motoci 18 zuwa 23. An ƙara odar tankunan Toldi da wasu raka'a 110. An gina su tsakanin Mayu 1941 da Disamba 1942. Wannan silsilar ta biyu ana kiranta Toldi II kuma ta sha bamban da jerin abubuwan da suka gabata musamman wajen amfani da kayan aikin Hungarian da albarkatun kasa. Hungary ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar uku (Jamus, Italiya da Japan) a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 1940.

Sojojin Hungarian sun shiga cikin hare-haren Jamus, Italiya da Bulgaria akan Yugoslavia a 1941. Sojoji na 3 (Kwamandan: Janar Elmer Nowak-Gordoni), wanda ya hada da rundunar IV na Janar Laszlo Horvath da Rundunar Farko na Janar Soltan Deklev, an sanya su a cikin harin. Sojojin kasar Hungary sun kuma tura wata sabuwar kafa ta Rapid Reaction Corps (Kwamanda: Janar Béli Miklós-Dalnoki), wanda ya ƙunshi brigades guda biyu masu motsi da rundunonin sojan doki biyu. Ƙungiyoyin masu saurin gudu sun kasance a tsakiyar kafa sabuwar bataliyar tanki (kamfanoni biyu). Sakamakon tafiyar hawainiya da rashin makamai, da dama daga cikin runduna ba su kai ga matsayinsu na yau da kullum ba; misali, birgediya ta 2 ta bata tankunan Toldi 10, motocin sulke na Chaba 8, babura 135 da wasu motoci 21. An tura uku daga cikin wadannan brigadi a kan Yugoslavia; Brigades na 1st da 2nd masu motoci (jimlar tankunan Toldi 54) da kuma rukunin sojan doki na 2 sun haɗa da bataliyar leken asiri tare da kamfanin tanki L3 / 33/35 (raka'a 18), kamfanin tanki "Toldi" (pcs 18.) Da kuma motar sulke na kamfanin mota Csaba. Yaƙin Yugoslavia na 1941 shine farkon sabbin motocin sulke a cikin sojojin Hungarian. A lokacin wannan kamfen, an yi gumurzu mai girma na farko na sojojin Hungary.

Cadets na Kwalejin Soja ta Hungary na Empress Louis (Magyar Királyi Hond Ludovika Akadémia) a cikin tsarin samun sabbin motocin sulke.

'Yan kasar Hungary sun rasa abin hawansu na farko na sulke a ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 1941, ma'adinan L3 / 35 ya lalace sosai ta hanyar nakiya, kuma a ranar 13 ga Afrilu kusa da Senttamash (Srbobran) motoci biyu masu sulke na Chaba daga kamfanin motocin sulke na 2nd Cavalry Brigade sun lalace. . Sun kai hari a sansanin makiya ba tare da tallafin manyan bindigogi ba, kuma bindigar kariyar tanka mai lamba 37 na makiya ta fitar da su cikin sauri daga yakin. Daga cikin sojojin shida da suka mutu har da wani karamin laftanar. Laszlo Beldi. A wannan rana kuma, motar ta bakwai mai sulke ita ma ta mutu, kuma kwamandan motar kwamandan na Chaba ne, kwamandan runduna, Laftanar Andor Alexei, wanda aka harbe a gaban wani jami'in Yugoslavia da ya mika wuya, wanda ya yi nasarar boye bindigar. A ranar 13 ga Afrilu, wata mota mai sulke ta Csaba daga bataliyar leken asiri ta birgediya ta farko ta yi karo da wani ginshiƙin sojojin Yugoslavia kusa da garin Dunagalosh (Glozhan) yayin wani sintiri. Ma'aikatan motar sun karya ginshiƙin kuma sun kama fursunoni da yawa.

Bayan sun yi tafiya mai nisan kilomita 5, ma'aikatan guda guda sun ci karo da wani rukunin makiya na masu keken keke, wanda shi ma ya lalace. Wani kilomita 8 kudu da Petroc (Bacchi Petrovac) ya ci karo da masu gadin daya daga cikin sojojin Yugoslavia. Ma'aikatan jirgin ba su yi jinkiri ba na dogon lokaci. An bude wuta mai tsanani daga bindiga mai tsawon milimita 20, inda ta kakkabe sojojin abokan gaba a kasa. Bayan gwagwarmayar sa'a guda, duk tsayin daka ya karye. Kwamandan Motoci masu sulke, Cpl. An ba János Tóth lambar yabo mafi girma na sojan Hungary, lambar zinare na Valor. Ba wannan hafsan ba ne kaɗai ya shiga tarihin runduna masu sulke na Hungary da haruffan zinariya ba. A ranar Afrilu 1500, Kyaftin Geza Möszoli da tawagarsa ta Toldi sun kama sojojin Yugoslavia 14 a kusa da Titel. A cikin kwanaki biyu na fada tare da ja da baya raka'a na Yugoslavia division (Afrilu 13-14) a yankin na Petrec (Bacchi Petrovac), 1st Motorized Rifle Brigade ya rasa 6 kashe da kuma 32 rauni, shan shan. Fursunoni 3500 da kuma tattara kayan aiki da kayayyaki masu yawa.

Ga sojojin Hungarian, yakin Yugoslavia na 1941 shine gwaji mai tsanani na farko na makamai masu sulke, matakin horar da ma'aikata da kwamandojin su, da kuma kafa tushe na sassa masu motsi. A ranar 15 ga Afrilu, an haɗa brigades na Rapid Corps zuwa ƙungiyar sulke na Jamus na Janar von Kleist. Raka'a daban sun fara tafiya ta Barania zuwa Sabiya. Kashegari suka haye rafin Drava suka kama Eshek. Daga nan suka nufi kudu maso gabas zuwa yankin da ke tsakanin kogin Danube da Sava, zuwa Belgrade. Hungarian sun ɗauki Viunkovci (Vinkovci) da Šabac. Da yammacin ranar 16 ga Afrilu, sun kuma ɗauki Valjevo (kilomita 50 a zurfin cikin yankin Serbia). A ranar 17 ga Afrilu, yakin da ake yi da Yugoslavia ya ƙare tare da mika wuya. Yankunan Bačka (Vojvodina), Baranya, da Medimuria da Prekumria, an haɗa su zuwa Hungary; kawai 11 km², tare da mazaunan 474 (1% 'yan Hungary). Wadanda suka ci nasara sun sanya wa yankunan suna "Yankunan Kudancin da aka Kwato".

Minti guda na hutawa ga ma'aikatan motar Chaba masu sulke a lokacin yakin Yugoslavia na 1941.

A cikin bazara na 1941, an gani a fili cewa sake fasalin sojojin Hungary yana haifar da sakamako mai ma'ana, wanda ya riga ya ƙidaya mutane 600. Hafsoshi da sojoji, duk da haka, har yanzu ba su iya inganta yanayin makaman ba, kamar yadda ba a kula da ajiyar, babu isassun jiragen sama na zamani, na kakkabo jiragen sama da na tankokin yaki da tankokin yaki.

Har zuwa Yuni 1941, sojojin Hungarian suna da tankunan haske na Toldi 85 a shirye-shiryen yaki. Sakamakon haka, runduna ta 9 da ta 11 masu sulke ta kunshi kamfanonin tankokin yaki guda biyu kowanne, bugu da kari kuma ba su cika ba, tunda motoci 18 ne kacal a kamfanin. Kowace bataliyar na sojojin dawakai na da tankokin Toldi guda takwas. Tun da 1941, aikin samar da tankuna ya haɓaka, tun lokacin da Hungary ba ta shigo da duk wani abu da sassa ba. Koyaya, a halin yanzu, farfaganda ta rufe waɗannan kasawa tare da koyaswar sojoji da fararen hula, suna kiran sojojin sojojin Hungary “mafi kyau a duniya.” A cikin 1938-1941 AD. Hort, tare da goyon bayan Hitler, ya gudanar da sake duba takunkumin yarjejeniyar Trianon kusan ba tare da fada ba. Bayan shan kashin da Jamusawa suka yi wa Czechoslovakia, 'yan Hungary sun mamaye kudancin Slovakia da Transcarpathian Rus', daga bisani kuma suka mamaye arewacin Transylvania. Bayan da sojojin Axis suka kai wa Yugoslavia hari, sun kwace wani bangare na Banat. 'Yan kasar Hungary sun 'yantar da' yan uwansu miliyan 2, kuma yankin masarautar ya karu zuwa dubu 172. km². Farashin wannan ya zama babba - shiga cikin yakin da USSR.

Horar da rukunin masu sulke na Hungary tare da haɗin gwiwar sojojin ƙasa; Tank Toldi a cikin kwamandan sigar, Mayu 1941.

Shiga zuwa Jahannama - USSR (1941)

Hungary ta shiga yakin da Tarayyar Soviet ne a ranar 27 ga watan Yunin 1941, karkashin matsin lamba daga Jamus da kuma bayan wani hari da Tarayyar Soviet ta kai kan Kosice na kasar Hungary a lokacin. Har ya zuwa yau, ba a tantance kwata-kwata ba jiragen da suka yi ruwan bama-bamai a birnin. Wannan shawarar ta sami babban goyon baya daga Hungary. The Fast Corps (Kwamandan: Janar Bela Miklós) ya shiga cikin tashin hankali tare da Wehrmacht a matsayin wani ɓangare na brigades uku dauke da 60 L / 35 tankettes da 81 Toldi tankuna 1, wanda wani ɓangare na 9st motorized brigade (Gen. Jeno) manyan. , Battalion na 2th Tank), Brigade na Motoci na 11 (Janar Janos Wörös, Battaliya ta 1th Armored) da Brigade na 1st (Janar Antal Wattay, Battaliya Na Farko). Kowace bataliyar ta ƙunshi kamfanoni uku, jimlar motoci 54 masu sulke (tankunan tankuna 20 L3/35, tankunan Toldi I 20, kamfanin motoci masu sulke na Csaba da motoci biyu na kowane kamfani na hedikwata - tankoki da tankuna). Duk da haka, rabin na kayan aikin na sulke division na sojan doki naúrar ne L3/35 tankettes. Kowace lambar kamfani "1" ta kasance a baya a matsayin ajiya. Dakarun masu sulke na kasar Hungary a gabas sun kunshi tankokin yaki 81 da tankokin yaki 60 da kuma motoci masu sulke 48. 'Yan kasar Hungary sun kasance karkashin jagorancin rundunar sojojin Jamus ta Kudu. A gefen dama sun hada da Rukunin Panzer na 1, dakaru na 6 da na 17, sannan a gefen hagu na dakaru na 3 da na 4 na Romania da na 11 na Jamus.

Nimrod - mafi kyawun bindiga mai sarrafa kansa na sojojin Hungarian; 1941 (kuma ana amfani dashi azaman mai lalata tanki).

Tafiya na ƙungiyar Carpathian, wanda ya haɗa da Rapid Corps, ya fara ne a ranar 28 ga Yuni, 1941, ba tare da jiran ƙarshen taro da tattarawar ƙungiyoyin ƙungiyar waɗanda suka fara tashin hankali a hannun dama a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1941. Babban burin. na Rapid Corps ya dauki Nadvortsa, Delatin, Kolomyia da Snyatyn. Brigade na 2nd motorized ya dauki Delatin a ranar 2 ga Yuli, kuma a rana ta biyu - Kolomyia da Gorodenka. Aikin farko na bindigu na bindigu na farko shi ne ya rufe reshen kudancin bindigu na bindigu na biyu, wanda mayakansa suka yi fafatawa a yankin Zalishchikov da Gorodnka. Saboda iyaka fama da Soviets, bai shiga yakin ba kuma a ranar 1 ga Yuli ya haye Dniester a Zalishchyky ba tare da hasara mai yawa ba. Kashegari, Brigade na 2st Motorized Brigade sun mamaye ƙauyen Tluste a kan kogin Seret, kuma a ranar 7 ga Yuli suka haye kogin Zbruch a Skala. A wannan rana aka wargaza ƙungiyar Carpathian. A cikin wadannan kwanaki goma sha biyu na fada, an bayyana da yawa daga cikin gazawar "rundunar da ba za a iya cin nasara ba": ta kasance a hankali kuma tana da ƙananan kayan aiki da fasaha. Jamusawa sun yanke shawarar cewa Fast Corps za ta sake yin fadace-fadace. A daya hannun kuma, an aike da dakarun sojojin kasar Hungary domin tsaftace cikin gida daga ragowar rukunin makiya da aka sha kashi. Hungarian a hukumance sun zama wani ɓangare na Sojoji na 1 a ranar 9 ga Yuli, 17.

Duk da mawuyacin yanayin da ake ciki, ci gaba na runduna ta Fast Corps sun yi nasarar kama tankokin yaki 10, bindigogi 12 da manyan motoci 13 daga hannun abokan gaba daga ranar 12 zuwa 11 ga watan Yuli. A yammacin ranar 13 ga Yuli, a cikin tuddai a yammacin Filyanovka, ma'aikatan tankunan Toldi sun fara farawa na farko. Motocin runduna ta 3 ta bataliya ta 9 masu sulke daga birgediya ta daya masu sulke sun gamu da turjiya daga dakarun Red Army. Tankin Captain. An lalata Tibor Karpati da bindigar tankar yaki, kwamandan ya samu rauni, sannan wasu ma’aikatan jirgin biyu sun mutu. Tankin kwamandan bataliyar, wanda aka buge shi kuma bai motsa ba, ya kasance abin jaraba da sauki. Kwamandan tanki na biyu, Sgt. Pal Habal ta lura da wannan yanayin. Ya yi sauri ya matsar da motarsa ​​tsakanin bindigar Soviet da tankin umarni da ba ya motsi. Ma'aikatan motarsa ​​sun yi kokarin kawar da harbin bindigar da aka harba, amma abin ya ci tura. Har ila yau wani makami mai linzami na Tarayyar Soviet ya afkawa tankin sajan. Habala. Ma'aikatan jirgin na mutane uku sun mutu. A cikin motocin dakon mai guda shida, daya ne kawai ya tsira, Cpt. Karpathy. Duk da wannan hasarar da suka yi, sauran motocin bataliyar a wannan rana sun lalata bindigogin kakkabo tankokin yaki guda uku, inda suka ci gaba da tattaki zuwa gabas, daga karshe kuma suka kame Filyanovka. Bayan wannan yakin, asarar da kamfanin na 1 ya yi ya kai kashi 3% na jihohin - incl. Ma’aikatan tankokin yaki 60 ne suka mutu sannan tankunan Toldi shida sun lalace.

Tankunan Hungary sun shiga ɗaya daga cikin biranen Tarayyar Soviet; Yuli 1941

Laifin ƙira a cikin Toldi ya haifar da asarar rayuka fiye da faɗa, kuma aika jigilar kayayyakin gyara ne kawai a ranar 14 ga Yuli, tare da ƙarin injiniyoyi, suka warware matsalar. An kuma yi kokarin gyara asarar kayan aiki. Tare da wannan jam'iyyar, an aika da tankuna 14 na Toldi II, motocin sulke na Csaba 9 da tankoki 5 L3 / 35 ( jam'iyyar ta isa ne kawai a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, lokacin da gawarwakin gaggawa ke kusa da Krivoy Rog a Ukraine). Ainihin diddigin Achilles shine injin, ta yadda a cikin watan Agusta tankunan Toldi 57 ne kawai ke cikin faɗakarwa. Asara ta karu da sauri, kuma sojojin Hungary ba su shirya don wannan ba. Duk da haka, sojojin Hungary sun ci gaba da samun ci gaba a gabas, musamman saboda kyakkyawan shiri.

Motoci masu sulke na rundunar Hungarian Operational Corps a Ukraine; Yuli 1941

A kadan daga baya, sojojin na 1st Motorized Brigade da na 1st sojan doki Brigade aka dorawa alhakin karya ta cikin Stalin Line. Wadanda suka fara kai hari su ne sojojin birgediya ta daya da ke Dunaevtsy, kuma a ranar 1 ga watan Yuli sun yi nasarar kutsawa cikin gagarabadau a yankin Bar. A cikin wadannan fadace-fadace har zuwa ranar 19 ga watan Yuli, sun lalata ko kuma lalata tankunan yaki na Soviet 22, da motoci masu sulke 21 da bindigogi 16. Don wannan nasarar, 'yan kasar Hungary sun biya tare da asarar rayuka 12, 26 da suka samu raunuka, 60 kuma sun bace, motoci 10 masu sulke sun sami barna iri-iri - daga cikin 15 da aka gyara, bakwai an gyara. A ranar 12 ga Yuli, Brigade na Motoci na 24 ya lalata motocin sulke na abokan gaba guda 2, sun kama bindigu 24 tare da fatattakar wani mummunan harin da sojojin Red Army suka yi a yankin Tulchin-Bratslav. A karon farko tun bayan fara kamfen din, motocin yaki na kasar Hungary, duka ma'aikatan tankunan Toldi da na Csaba, sun lalata dimbin motocin yaki masu sulke na abokan gaba, musamman kananan tankunan yaki da sulke. Dole ne a yarda, duk da haka, yawancin su an lalata su ne ta hanyar harbin tankokin yaki da na jiragen sama. Duk da nasarorin da aka samu na farko, sojojin brigade sun makale a cikin laka mai kauri akan hanyar Gordievka. Bugu da kari, sojojin na Red Army sun kaddamar da farmaki. Ya kamata a ce sojojin dawakan Romania daga runduna ta 8 na sojan dawaki za su goyi bayan Hungary, amma sai kawai suka ja da baya a karkashin matsin lamba na abokan gaba. Brigade na Motoci na 3 na Hungary ya kasance cikin babbar matsala. Bataliya masu sulke sun kaddamar da farmaki a gefen dama, amma Soviet ba su mika wuya ba. Ana cikin haka ne kwamandan rundunar sojojin ya jefi da taimakon bataliya ta 2 masu sulke ta bindigu ta daya da kuma ta 11 ta sulke na runduna ta daya, inda ya buge daga baya ya rufa mashigar bindigu ta biyu. Daga ƙarshe, a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 'yan Hungary sun yi nasarar kawar da yankin daga sojojin abokan gaba. An yi nasarar kai harin, amma ba tare da hadin kai ba, ba tare da taimakon bindigogi ko tallafin iska ba. Sakamakon haka, 'yan kasar Hungary sun yi hasara mai yawa.

Wani wuri bayan Gabashin Gabas a lokacin rani na 1941: a KV-40 tarakta da sulke mota "Chaba".

A lokacin fadan, an yi asarar tankoki 18 L3/35 daga Brigade na 1st Cavalry. A ƙarshe, an yanke shawarar janye irin wannan kayan aiki daga layin gaba. Daga baya an yi amfani da tankoki don horarwa a cikin 'yan sanda da na jandarmomi, kuma a cikin 1942 an sayar da wasu daga cikinsu ga sojojin Croatia. A karshen wata, an rage matsayin yakin da bataliyoyin tankunan yaki zuwa girman kamfani. Brigade na biyu kawai ya yi asarar rayuka 2, 22 suka jikkata, 29 sun bace da tankoki 104 da aka lalata ko suka lalace tsakanin 301 da 10 ga Yuli. A cikin fadace-fadace na Gordievka jami'in gawarwakin sulke na raka'a sun sha wahala musamman hasara - jami'ai biyar sun mutu (daga takwas da suka mutu a yakin Rasha na 32). Zafafan fadace-fadacen da aka yi wa Gordievka na nuni da yadda aka kashe Laftanar Ferenc Antalfi na bataliyar tanka ta 1941 a gumurzu da hannu. Ya kuma mutu, da wasu Laftanar na biyu András Sötöri da Laftanar Alfred Söke.

A ranar 5 ga Agusta, 1941, 'yan Hungary har yanzu suna da tankunan Toldi 43 da suka shirya yaƙi, 14 kuma an ja su a kan tireloli, 14 suna cikin shagunan gyara, kuma 24 sun lalace gaba ɗaya. Daga cikin motocin sulke na Csaba 57, 20 ne kawai ke aiki, 13 kuma ana kan gyara su, kuma 20 an mayar da su Poland domin yin garambawul. Motocin Csaba hudu ne kawai aka lalata gaba daya. A safiyar ranar 6 ga Agusta, kudancin Umania, an aika da motoci biyu masu sulke na Chaba daga Brigade na 1st Cavalry Brigade don bincike a yankin Golovanevsk. Shi dai wannan sintiri a karkashin jagorancin Laszlo Meres shi ne ya nazarci halin da yankin ke ciki. Umurnin High-Speed ​​​​Corps ya san cewa ƙungiyoyin da yawa na sojojin Soviet suna ƙoƙarin shiga cikin kewayen yankin. A kan hanyar zuwa Golovanevsk, motoci masu sulke sun yi karo da dakarun sojan doki biyu, amma bangarorin biyu ba su gane juna ba.

Isar da gida na sabbin tankunan haske na Toldi (a cikin gaba) da motocin sulke na Csaba don buƙatun layin gaba; 1941

Da farko, 'yan kasar Hungary sun yi imani da cewa wadannan sojojin dawakai ne na Romania, kuma mayakan dawakan ba su gane irin motar sulke ba. Sai dai a kusa da ma'aikatan motocin Hungary suka ji cewa mahayan suna magana da Rashanci kuma an ga jajayen taurari a kan hular su. Nan take Chaba ya bude wuta mai tsanani. Sojojin dawakai kaɗan ne kawai daga ƙungiyar Cossack biyu suka tsira. Dukansu motoci masu sulke, ɗauke da fursunonin yaƙi guda biyu, sun tafi mafi kusa, wanda shi ne rukunin samar da kayayyaki na Jamus. An bar fursunonin a wurin har sai an yi musu tambayoyi. A bayyane yake cewa daidai ne a ɗauka cewa ƙarin sojojin Soviet sun so kutsa cikin yankin da 'yan sintiri na Hungary suka bugi mahayan dawakai.

Hungarian sun koma wuri guda. Bugu da kari, Horus Meresh da mukarrabansa sun gano manyan motoci 20 tare da sojojin Red Army. Daga nesa na 30-40 m, 'yan Hungary sun bude wuta. Motar farko ta kone a cikin wani rami. Rukunin abokan gaba ya yi mamaki. 'Yan sintiri na kasar Hungary sun lalata gaba daya ginshikin, inda suka yi hasarar raɗaɗi ga sojojin Red Army da ke tafiya tare da shi. Wadanda suka tsira daga mummunar gobarar da kuma wasu sojojin Red Army, da suka tunkaro daga hanya daya da ake ci gaba da gwabzawa, sun yi kokarin karaya a kan babbar hanyar, amma motoci biyu masu sulke na kasar Hungary suka hana su. Ba da daɗewa ba tankunan abokan gaba guda biyu sun bayyana akan hanya, mai yiwuwa T-26. Ma'aikatan motocin biyu na Hungary sun canza harsashi kuma sun canza bindigar 20mm zuwa harbi kan motocin sulke. Yaƙin ya yi kama da rashin daidaituwa, amma bayan da yawa, daya daga cikin tankunan Soviet ya gudu daga hanya, kuma ma'aikatansa suka watsar da shi suka gudu. An kirga motar kamar yadda aka lalata a asusun Kofur Meresh. A yayin wannan musayar wuta da aka yi, an lalata motarsa, sannan wani guntuwar wani makami da aka harba daga cikin bindigar T-45 mai tsawon 26mm ya raunata wani ma'aikacin da ya rusuna a kai. Kwamandan ya yanke shawarar ja da baya, inda ya kai wadanda suka jikkata zuwa asibiti. Abin mamaki, tankin Soviet na biyu shi ma ya ja da baya.

Hungarian tankuna "Toldi" a cikin Tarayyar Soviet; lokacin rani 1941

Motar mai sulke ta Chaba ta biyu ta kasance a fagen daga inda ta ci gaba da yin luguden wuta kan sojojin Red Army da ke gabatowa, tare da dakile wasu munanan hare-haren da suka kai, har sai da sojojin kasar Hungary suka matso. A wannan rana, a cikin yaƙin na sa'o'i uku, ma'aikatan motocin sulke na Csaba sun harba jimillar 12 000mm zagaye da 8 720mm zagaye. An kara wa Ensign Meres karin girma zuwa mukamin karamin laftanar kuma ya ba da lambar yabo ta Jami'in Zinariya don jarumtaka. Shi ne hafsa na uku a cikin sojojin kasar Hungary da ya sami wannan babbar daraja. Kwamandan motocin Chaba na biyu, Sgt. Laszlo Chernitsky, bi da bi, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Big Azurfa don jaruntaka.

Daga shekaru goma na biyu na Yuli 1941, kawai sojoji na High-Speed ​​​​Corps fada a gaban. Lokacin shiga zurfin cikin Tarayyar Soviet, da Hungarian kwamandojin ɓullo da wani sabon dabara na yaki, wanda quite yadda ya kamata taimaka musu su yi yaƙi da abokan gaba. Motsin na'urori masu sauri ya faru a kan manyan tituna. Birged masu motoci sun yi tattaki ta hanyoyi daban-daban, an gabatar da sojojin dawakai a tsakanin su. Turawa na farko da rundunar ta brigade ta yi ita ce bataliyar leken asiri, wadda wasu rukunin tankuna masu haske da bindigogin kakkabo jiragen sama na milimita 40 suka karfafa, wanda ke samun goyon bayan gungun sappers, masu kula da zirga-zirga, batir manyan bindigogi da kuma kamfanin bindigu. Jifa ta biyu kuma ita ce bataliyar bindiga mai motsi; sai a na uku ne manyan dakarun birged suka yi motsi.

Sassan Rapid Corps sun yi yaƙi a yankin kudancin gaba daga Nikolaevka ta hanyar Isyum zuwa kogin Donetsk. A karshen watan Satumba na shekarar 1941, kowace bataliya mai sulke tana da kamfanin tankar Toldi daya kacal, motoci 35-40. Don haka, an harhada duk motocin da za a iya yi wa hidima zuwa bataliyar bataliyar masu sulke, wadda aka ƙirƙira ta bisa tushen rundunar sojan doki ta ɗaya. Za a mai da sassan birged masu motoci zuwa ƙungiyoyin yaƙi. Ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, an janye motar motar asibiti zuwa Hungary, inda ta isa ranar 15 ga Janairu, 5. Domin shiga cikin Operation Barbarossa, Hungarian sun biya tare da asarar 1942 mutane, duk L4400 tankettes da 3% na Toldi tankuna, daga 80 shiga cikin yakin Rasha na 95: 1941 motoci sun lalace a cikin fadace-fadace, kuma 25 sun kasance ba bisa ka'ida ba. ga gazawa. Bayan lokaci, an mayar da su duka zuwa hidima. A sakamakon haka, a cikin Janairu 62, kawai 1942nd sulke dawakai bataliyar da ya fi girma yawan serviceable tankuna (2).

Mafi kyawun ayyuka, sabbin kayan aiki da sake tsarawa

A karshen 1941, ya bayyana a fili cewa tankin Toldi ba ya da wani amfani a fagen fama, sai dai watakila don ayyukan leken asiri. Makaman ya kasance sirara sosai kuma duk wani makamin kariya na abokan gaba, gami da bindigar tanka mai tsayin milimita 14,5, na iya fitar da shi daga fada, kuma makamansa ba su isa ba har ma da motoci masu sulke na abokan gaba. A cikin wannan hali, sojojin Hungary sun bukaci sabon matsakaicin tanki. An ba da shawarar ƙirƙirar motar Toldi III, tare da sulke 40 mm da bindigar tanki mai tsawon mm 40. Koyaya, an jinkirta sabuntar kuma a cikin 12 kawai 1943 sabbin tankuna aka kawo! A lokacin, an sake gina wani ɓangare na Toldi II zuwa ma'auni na Toldi IIa - an yi amfani da bindiga mai tsawon mm 40 kuma an ƙarfafa sulke ta hanyar ƙara faranti na sulke.

Tankunan da aka lalata da kuma lalata na Rundunar Fast Corp suna jira a tura su wuraren gyaran kasar; 1941

Samar da bindiga mai sarrafa kansa na Nimrod mai lamba 40M ya kuma ƙara ƙarfin wuta na rukunin masu sulke na ƙasar Hungary. Wannan ƙira ta dogara ne akan ingantaccen, babban shasi na tankin L-60, Landsverk L-62. An dora bindigar makamin jirage samfurin Bofors mai tsawon mm 40, wanda aka riga aka kera a kasar Hungary a kan dandali mai sulke. Sojojin sun ba da umarnin samfurin a cikin 1938. Bayan gwaji da haɓakawa, incl. wani babban jigo tare da isassun harsasai, an ba da odar a watan Oktoba 1941 ga 26 Nimrod bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu. An yi shirin mayar da su masu lalata tankokin yaki, tare da aiki na biyu na gudanar da tsaro ta iska. Daga baya aka ƙara odar kuma a shekara ta 1944 an samar da bindigogin Nimrod 135.

Bindigu masu sarrafa kansu 46 na Nimrod na farko sun bar masana'antar MAVAG a 1940. An ba da umarnin wasu 89 a cikin 1941. Kashi na farko yana da injunan Büssing na Jamus, na biyu kuma yana da na'urorin wutar lantarki da aka yi da Hungary a tashar Ganz. An kuma shirya wasu nau'ikan bindigar Nimrod guda biyu: Lehel S - motar likita da Lehel Á - injin sappers. Duk da haka, ba su shiga samarwa ba.

An haɓaka matsakaicin tanki na sojojin Hungary tun 1939. A wancan lokacin, an nemi kamfanonin Czech guda biyu, CKD (Ceskomoravska Kolben Danek, Prague) da Skoda, don shirya samfurin da ya dace. Sojojin Czechoslovak sun zaɓi aikin CKD V-8-H, wanda aka keɓe ST-39, amma mamayar ƙasar Jamus ta kawo ƙarshen wannan shirin. Skoda, bi da bi, gabatar da wani shiri na S-IIa tank (a cikin S-IIc version na Hungarians), wanda daga baya samu nadi T-21, da kuma a karshe version - T-22. A watan Agusta 1940, Hungarian sojojin zabi wani modified version na T-22 tare da ma'aikata na uku da wani engine da matsakaicin ikon 260 hp. (da Weiss Manfred). Ainihin sigar sabon samfurin tanki na Hungarian an tsara 40M Turan I. Hungary ta sami lasisi don samar da bindigar anti-tanki na Czech 17 mm A40, amma an daidaita shi don karɓar harsasai don bindigogin Bofors 40 mm, tunda an riga an samar da su a ciki. Hungary.

Gyaran tankin Hungary PzKpfw 38 (t) na rukunin farko na rukunin 1st sulke; lokacin rani 1

Samfurin tanki "Turan" ya shirya a watan Agusta 1941. Ya kasance wani tsari ne na Turai na ƙarshen 30s duka a cikin sharuddan makamai da wuta. Abin baƙin ciki ga Hungarians, lokacin da tanki ya shiga cikin yaki a Ukraine da kuma zurfin cikin Tarayyar Soviet, ya riga ya kasance kasa da na abokan gaba motocin yaki, yafi T-34 da KW tankuna. Duk da haka, a lokaci guda, bayan ƙananan gyare-gyare, samfurin na Turan I ya fara, wanda aka raba tsakanin masana'antun Weiss Manfred, Ganz, MVG (Györ) da MAVAG. Umarni na farko shi ne na tankuna 190, sannan a watan Nuwamba 1941 adadinsu ya karu zuwa 230, kuma a 1942 zuwa 254. A 1944, an samar da tankunan Turan 285. Kwarewar yaƙi na Gabashin Gabas da sauri ya nuna cewa bindigar 40-mm bai isa ba, don haka tankunan Turan sun sake sanye da guntun guntun guntun 75mm, wanda aka fara samar da shi kusan nan da nan a 1941. Gama model na tankuna aka sanye take da wannan a cikin 1942. Saboda gaskiyar cewa sojojin Hungary ba su da bindiga mafi girma caliber, wadannan tankuna an classified a matsayin nauyi. Nan da nan suka zama ɓangare na 1st da 2nd Panzer Divisions da 1st Cavalry Division (1942-1943). Wannan motar tana da wasu gyare-gyare.

Hungarian PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1 (wannan sigar tana da guntun guntun guntun 75 mm) don nufin Don; lokacin rani 1942

Daya daga cikin shahararrun shi ne 41M Turan II. Wannan tanki ya kamata ya zama misalin Hungarian na Jamus PzKpfw III da PzKpfw IV. bindigar M41 mai tsawon mm 75 ta MAVAG ce ta dogara da bindigar filin Bohler mai tsawon mm 18 mm 76,5, amma an daidaita girmanta kuma an daidaita shi don hawa kan tanki. Duk da cewa duk aikin zamani ya fara a 1941, na farko batches na Turan II tankuna isa a cikin raka'a kawai a watan Mayu 1943. Wannan motar guda 322 ce. Duk da haka, har zuwa 139, kawai 1944 Tankunan Turan II aka samar.

Abubuwan da suka faru na ɓacin rai na farkon watanni na yaƙi a gaba kuma sun haifar da canje-canje a cikin ƙirar tankunan Toldi. Misalai 80 (40 Toldi I: H-341 zuwa H-380; 40 Toldi II: H-451 zuwa H-490) an sake gina su a Gantz. An sanye su da igwa 25mm L/40 (mai kama da aikin Straussler V-4). Tankunan Turan I an saka su da igwa mai girman 42mm MAVAG 40M, wanda gajeriyar sigar igwa mai nauyin 41mm 51M L/40 ce. Sun yi amfani da harsashi ga bindigogin kakkabo jiragen Bofors da aka yi amfani da su a cikin bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu na Nimrod. A ƙarshen 1942, masana'antar Ganz ta yanke shawarar gina sabon tankin Toldi tare da sulke mai kauri da bindigar 42mm 40M daga tankunan Toldi II. Duk da haka, shawarar da aka yanke a watan Afrilu 1943 don samar da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu na Turan II da Zriny ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa dozin Toldi III ne kawai aka samar a tsakanin 1943 da 1944 (daga H-491 zuwa H-502). A cikin 1943, masana'antar Gantz iri ɗaya sun canza Toldi Is tara zuwa motocin jigilar yara. Wannan hanya ba ta yi nasara ba musamman, don haka an sake gina waɗannan motocin, a wannan lokacin cikin motocin daukar marasa lafiya masu sulke (ciki har da H-318, 347, 356 da 358). An kuma yi kokarin tsawaita wa motocin Toldi ta hanyar yin barna a cikin su. Wadannan abubuwan sun faru a cikin 1943-1944. Don haka, an shigar da bindigogi 40-mm na Jamus Pak 75, wanda ke rufe farantin sulke daga bangarori uku. Duk da haka, an yi watsi da wannan ra'ayin.

Węgierska 1. DPanc ya koma gabas (1942-1943)

Jama'ar Jamus sun gamsu da darajar yaƙin da jiragen ruwa na Hungary suka yi, kuma sun yaba da haɗin kai da hafsoshi da sojoji na dakarun gaggawa. Don haka ba abin mamaki bane a adm. Horta da umarnin Hungarian don aika zuwa gaba da wata ƙungiya mai sulke da aka janye daga Rapid Corps, wanda Jamusawa sun riga sun yi maganin su. Yayin da ake ci gaba da aiki kan sabon tanki mai matsakaicin zango, rundunar ta shirya aiwatar da wani shiri na sake tsara sojojin kasar Hungary domin daidaita shi da bukatun Gabashin Gabas. Shirin Hub II ya yi kira da a samar da runfunan sulke guda biyu bisa ga brigades masu amfani da motoci. Ganin yadda ake tafiyar hawainiyar samar da tankunan, rundunar ta fahimci cewa an tilasta musu yin amfani da motoci masu sulke na kasashen waje wajen aiwatar da muhimman abubuwan da aka tanadar a shekarar 1942. Duk da haka, an yi rashin kuɗi, don haka an yanke shawarar cewa za a kafa rukuni na farko na Panzer ta hanyar amfani da tankuna daga Jamus da Panzer Division 1 ta hanyar amfani da tankunan Hungary (Turan) da zarar an sami adadinsu.

Jamusawa sun sayar da tankunan haske na PzKpfw 102 ga Hungary. 38 (t) a cikin gyare-gyare guda biyu: F da G (wanda aka sani da T-38 a cikin sabis na Hungarian). An kai su daga Nuwamba 1941 zuwa Maris 1942. Jamusawa kuma sun ba da 22 PzKpfw. IV D da F1 tare da igwa mai gajeriyar ganga 75-mm (wanda aka lasafta azaman tankuna masu nauyi). Bugu da kari, an samar da tankunan ba da umarni na PzBefWg I guda 8. A lokacin bazara na shekarar 1942, daga karshe aka kafa runduna ta 1 ta Tank bisa tushen Brigade na Motoci na daya. An shirya rabon don yaƙi ranar 1 ga Maris, 24, wanda aka yi niyya don Gabashin Gabas. Sashen yana dauke da 1942 PzKpfw 89(t) da 38 PzKpfw IV F22. 'Yan kasar Hungary sun biya pengo miliyan 1 don wadannan motoci. Kawancen sun kuma horar da jami'an sashe a Makarantar Soja da ke Wünsdorf. Sabbin tankuna sun shiga sabis tare da sabuwar runduna ta 80th Tank. Kowanne daga cikin bataliyoyinsa masu sulke guda biyu yana da kamfanoni guda biyu na matsakaitan tankuna tare da tankunan Toldi (30st, 1nd, 2th and 4th) da kamfani na manyan tankuna (5rd da 3) sanye da motoci "Turan". Rundunar leken asiri ta daya tana dauke da tankokin yaki na Toldi 6 da motocin sulke na Chaba, sannan kuma ta 1st bangaren rugujewa (sashen manyan bindigogi na 14) na dauke da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu 51 na Nimrod da tankokin Toldi guda 51. Don maye gurbin Speed ​​​​Corps, an kirkiro 18st Tank Corps a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 1, wanda ya ƙunshi sassa uku; Rukunin Tank na 1942st da 1nd, dukkansu sun cika motoci kuma suna haɗe zuwa gawarwakin runduna ta farko (daga Satumba 1 - 2st Hussar Division), wanda ya haɗa da bataliyar tanki na kamfanoni huɗu. Rundunar ba ta taɓa yin aiki a matsayin ƙaramin tsari ba.

PzKpfw 38 (t) - Hoton da aka ɗauka a cikin bazara na 1942, kafin a aika da tanki zuwa Gabashin Gabas.

Rukunin Panzer na 1 ya janye daga Hungary a ranar 19 ga Yuni, 1942 kuma ya kasance ƙarƙashin rundunar sojojin Hungarian ta 2 a Gabashin Gabas, wanda ya haɗa da ƙungiyoyi tara na soja. An kuma tura wasu rukunin guda biyu masu sulke, na 101 da na 102 na tankunan tankuna zuwa gaba, wadanda ke goyon bayan ayyukan kyamar bangaranci na sassan Hungarian a Ukraine. Na farko an sanye shi da tankunan Faransa: 15 Hotchkiss H-35 da H39 da kwamandojin Somua S-35 guda biyu, na biyu - tare da tankunan haske na Hungary da motoci masu sulke.

Ƙungiyoyin Hungarian sun kasance a gefen hagu na Jamusawa suna ci gaba da Stalingrad. Rukunin 1st Panzer ya fara hanyar yaƙi tare da jerin rikice-rikice tare da Red Army akan Don Yuli 18, 1942 kusa da Uriv. Hungarian 5th Light Division ya yi yaƙi da abubuwa na 24th Panzer Corps, wanda aka ba da alhakin kare ƙafar hagu a kan Don. A lokacin, sauran tankunan Toldi uku an mayar da su Hungary. Jiragen ruwan kasar Hungary sun shiga yakin da asuba a ranar 18 ga watan Yuli. Bayan 'yan mintoci kaɗan da fara shi, Laftanar Albert Kovacs, kwamandan rukunin rukunin manyan tankuna na 3, Kyaftin V. Laszlo Maclarego ya lalata T-34. Yayin da aka fara yakin, wani T-34 ya fada hannun 'yan Hungary. Nan da nan ya bayyana a fili cewa tankunan haske na M3 Stuart (daga kayan ba da lamuni na Amurka) sun kasance mafi sauƙin hari.

Ensign Janos Vercheg, wakilin yaki wanda ke cikin ma'aikatan jirgin na PzKpfw 38 (t), ya rubuta bayan yakin: ... wani tankin Soviet ya bayyana a gabanmu ... Tankin matsakaici ne [M3 shine haske. tank, amma bisa ga ma'auni na sojojin Hungary an rarraba shi a matsayin matsakaicin tanki - kimanin. ed.] kuma ya harba harbi biyu a wajenmu. Babu ɗayansu da ya buge mu, muna raye! Harbin mu na biyu ya kama shi!

Rail kai tankuna "Toldi" a kan hanyar ta hanyar Carpathians zuwa Gabas ta Gabas.

Dole ne in yarda cewa yaƙin da kansa ya yi muni sosai. Hungarians sun yi nasarar samun fa'ida ta dabara a fagen fama, kuma sun hana janye tankunan Soviet zuwa dajin. A lokacin yakin Uriv, rukunin ya lalata tankunan abokan gaba 21 ba tare da asara ba, galibi T-26 da M3 Stuarts, da kuma T-34 da yawa. 'Yan kasar Hungary sun kara da tankunan yaki na M3 Stuart guda hudu a cikin rundunarsu.

Tuntuɓar farko da ƙungiyar masu sulke na Tarayyar Soviet ta sa 'yan Hungary su fahimci cewa bindigogin PzKpfw 37 (t) masu tsayin 38 mm ba su da wani amfani ga matsakaita (T-34) da tankunan maƙiyi masu nauyi (KW). Haka abin ya faru da runfunan sojoji, waɗanda ba su da kariya daga tankunan abokan gaba saboda iyakacin hanyoyin da ake da su - bindigar kariya ta 40mm. Goma sha biyu daga cikin tankunan makiya da aka kakkabe a wannan yakin sun zama wadanda PzKpfw IV suka sha. Ace na yaƙi shi ne kyaftin. Jozsef Henkey-Hoenig na Kamfanin Kamfani na 3 na Bataliya ta 51 na Rushe Tanki, wanda ma'aikatansa suka lalata tankunan abokan gaba guda shida. Umurnin Sojoji na 2 ya juya zuwa Budapest tare da buƙatar gaggawa don aika tankunan da suka dace da makaman kare-dangi. A cikin Satumba 1942, 10 PzKpfw III, 10 PzKpfw IV F2 da biyar Marder III tankunan da aka aika daga Jamus. A lokacin, asarar sashin ya karu zuwa 48 PzKpfw 38 (t) da 14 PzKpfw IV F1.

A lokacin fadace-fadacen bazara, daya daga cikin jajirtattun sojoji shine Laftanar Sandor Horvat daga runduna ta 35th Infantry Regiment, wanda a ranar 12 ga Yuli, 1941 ya lalata tankunan T-34 da T-60 tare da ma'adanai na Magnetic. Wannan jami'in ya sami rauni sau hudu a 1942-43. kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Zinariya don Jajircewa. Sojojin na kasa, musamman masu ababen hawa, sun bayar da goyon baya sosai a harin karshe na Bataliya ta 1 da makami da kuma Kamfani na 3 na Bataliya ta 51. A ƙarshe, hare-haren da ƙungiyar masu sulke ta Hungary ta tilastawa dakarun tanka na 4th Guards Brigade da na 54th Tank Brigade barin gada tare da ja da baya zuwa gabar gabashin Don. Sai kawai Brigade na 130 na tanki ya kasance a kan gadar gada - a cikin sashin Uriv. Sojojin da suka ja da baya sun bar motoci masu sulke da bataliyoyin bindigu a kan gadar.

Sauran jiragen yakin Hungary a birnin Kolbino; karshen bazara 1942

Asarar Soviet ta fara karuwa sosai, kuma gwagwarmayar Hungarian da kansu ta zama mafi sauƙi lokacin da tankunan PzKpfw IV F1 da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu na Nimrod suka shiga. Sun gama aikin halaka. Wutar su ta hana ja da baya na Red Army ta hanyar gada. An lalata jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa da dama. Ensign Lajos Hegedyush, wani kwamandan wani kampanin manyan tankunan yaki, ya lalata tankunan tankokin yaki guda biyu na Tarayyar Soviet, wadanda tuni suka kasance a daya bangaren na Don. A wannan karon, harbawar na Hungary ba su da yawa, inda tankunan PzKpfw 38(t) biyu kawai suka lalace. Motar da ta fi dacewa ita ce wacce wani kofur ya umarta. Janos Rosik na kamfanin tanka na 3, wanda ma'aikatansa suka lalata motoci masu sulke na abokan gaba guda hudu.

A farkon watan Agusta 1942, Tarayyar Soviet 6th Army ya yi ƙoƙari ya ƙirƙira da kuma fadada yadda zai yiwu bridgeheads a yammacin bankin Don. Manyan biyun sun kasance kusa da Uriva da Korotoyak. Umurnin Sojoji na 2 bai fahimci cewa babban bugu zai tafi Uryv ba, kuma ba zuwa Korotoyak ba, inda yawancin rukunin 1st Panzer ya tattara, ban da bataliyar leken asiri da aka aika zuwa Uryv.

Harin, wanda ya fara a ranar 10 ga Agusta, ya fara muni sosai ga 'yan kasar Hungary. Makaman bindigogi sun yi kuskuren cinna wuta ga sojojin runduna ta 23 na runduna ta 20th Light Division, wadanda suka fara ci gaba a kan Storozhevoye a gefen hagu. Gaskiyar ita ce daya daga cikin bataliyoyin sun ci gaba da sauri. An dakatar da harin farko a wuraren da aka shirya da kyau na yanki na 53 na PC. A.G. Daskevich da wani ɓangare na 25th Guards Rifle Division Colonel. PM Safarenko. Tankokin yaki na bataliya ta daya masu sulke sun gamu da tsayin daka da tsayin daka daga kungiyar yaki da tankokin yaki na Soviet ta 1. Bugu da kari, wasu kungiyoyin sojojin na musamman da aka horar da su wajen lalata motocin yaki masu sulke suna jiran tankokin kasar Hungary. Ma'aikatan tankokin sun yi ta amfani da bindigogi da gurneti, kuma a wasu lokutan ma har da harbin juna da bindigu don kawar da sulke na sojojin Red Army. Harin da duka yakin ya zama babban rashin nasara.

Bindigu mai sarrafa kansa Nimrod na 51st Tank Destroyer Battalion, 1942

Daya daga cikin tankunan ya bugi wata nakiya kusa da Korotoyak kuma ta kone tare da daukacin ma'aikatan jirgin. Sojojin kasar Hungary sun yi asara mai yawa daga hare-haren da Tarayyar Soviet ta kai da jiragen bama-bamai; duk da ingantaccen tsaro na iska. Lieutenant Dokta Istvan Simon ya rubuta: “Wannan rana ce mai muni. Waɗanda ba su taɓa zuwa ba ba za su taɓa gaskatawa ba ko kuma za su iya gaskatawa… Mun matsa gaba, amma mun fuskanci manyan bindigogin harbi da yawa har aka tilasta mana ja da baya. Kyaftin Topai ya mutu [Kyaftin Pal Topai, kwamandan kamfanin tanki na 2 - kimanin. marubuci]. ... Zan tuna da yaƙi na biyu na Uryv-Storozhevo.

Washegari 11 ga watan Agusta, an yi sabbin fadace-fadace a yankin Krotoyak, da sanyin safiya aka sanar da bataliya ta 2 ta tanka, tare da yin asara mai tsanani kan dakarun Red Army da suka kai hari. Asarar da aka yi a bangaren Hungarian ba su da yawa. Sauran Rukunin Panzer na 1st sun yi yaƙi a Korotoyak tare da Rundunar Sojojin Jamus na 687 na Rukunin Infantry na 336 a ƙarƙashin Janar Walter Lucht.

Tankin Hungarian PzKpfw IV Ausf. F2 (wannan sigar ta ƙunshi bindiga mai tsayi 75 mm mai tsayi) daga Rundunar Tanki ta 30, kaka 1942.

Sojojin Red Army sun kai hari a yankin Krotoyak a ranar 15 ga Agusta, 1941. Cikin kankanin lokaci, dukkan sojojin kasar Hungary sun shagaltu da dakile hare-haren abokan gaba. Sai kawai a rana ta farko, an lalata tankunan Soviet 10, galibi M3 Stuart da T-60. Jirgin PzKpfw IV F1 na Lajos Hegedus, wanda ya lalata M3 Stuarts guda hudu, ya ci karo da nakiya da wasu da dama kai tsaye. An kashe direban da ma’aikacin gidan rediyon. A lokacin waɗannan yaƙe-yaƙe, an bayyana wasu nakasu a cikin horar da sojojin ƙafa na Hungary. A karshen wannan rana, kwamandan runduna ta 687, Laftanar Kanal Robert Brinkmann, ya kai rahoto ga kwamandan runduna ta daya ta 1st Armored, Janar Lajos Veres, cewa sojojin kasar Hungary na bangarensa ba su iya samar da hadin gwiwa ta kut-da-kut da rundunarsa a kan batun. mai tsaro. da kuma kai hari.

An ci gaba da gwabza kazamin fada har tsawon yini. Tankunan Hungary sun lalata matsakaicin tankunan abokan gaba guda biyu, amma sun sha asara mai yawa. Wani gogaggen jami'in, kwamandan kamfanin na 2, Laftanar Jozsef Partos, ya rasu. PzKpfw 38(t) nasa yana da ɗan zarafi akan T-34. Wasu 'yan bindigar Jamus daga runduna ta 38 ta runduna ta 687 sun halaka PzKpfw 1 (t) 'yan kasar Hungary biyu bisa kuskure a cikin zafafan yaki. An ci gaba da gwabza fada a Krotoyak na kwanaki da yawa tare da tsanani daban-daban. Hungarian 18st Armored Division a ranar 1942 ga Agusta, 410, ya ƙididdige asararsa, wanda ya kai 32 da aka kashe, 1289 bace da 30 suka jikkata. Bayan yakin, Rundunar Tanki ta 55 tana da 38 PzKpfw 15 (t) da 1 PzKpfw IV F35 a cikin cikakken shiri. Wasu tankuna 12 kuma suna cikin shagunan gyara. A cikin 'yan kwanaki masu zuwa, an janye Rukunin Haske na 1th da 336st Panzer Division daga Korotoyak. Rundunar sojojin Jamus ta 1942 ta ɗauki matsayinsu, wadda ta rushe gadar Soviet a farkon Satumba 201. A cikin wannan aikin, bataliya ta XNUMX na harin bindiga na Manjo Heinz Hoffmann da na jirgin saman Hungary sun tallafa mata. Soviets sun gane cewa ba su da isassun sojojin da za su iya rike gadoji biyu, kuma sun yanke shawarar mayar da hankali kan abu mafi mahimmanci a gare su - Uryva.

An lalata gaba ɗaya PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1 Kofur Rasik; Hasumiyar Tsaro, 1942

Sassan sashin Panzer na farko sun huta, cike da ma'aikata da kayan aiki. Har ma da ƙarin tankunan da aka dawo daga wuraren bita zuwa sassan layi. Ya zuwa karshen watan Agusta, adadin tankunan da za a iya amfani da su ya karu zuwa Toldi 1, 5 PzKpfw 85(t) da 38 PzKpfw IV F22. Ana kuma kara samun ƙarfafawa, kamar tankunan PzKpfw IV F1 guda huɗu tare da bindiga mai tsayin mm 2. Abin sha'awa shi ne, a karshen watan Agustan 75, tsarin tsaron iska na rundunar sojojin kasar Hungary sun harbo jiragen makiya 1942. Daga cikin waɗannan, bindigogin Nimrod masu sarrafa kansu daga bataliyar tanki ta 63 sun yi rajista 51 (40?)

A farkon Satumba 1942, Hungarian sojojin da aka shirya domin na uku ƙoƙari na liquidate Urivo-Storozhevsky bridgehead. Tilas ne dai motocin dakon mai sun taka rawar gani a wannan aiki. Janar Willibald Freiherr von Langermann und Erlenkamp, ​​kwamandan rundunar XXIV Panzer ne ya shirya shirin. A cewar shirin, babban harin shi ne kai hari a Storozhevoye a bangaren hagu, kuma bayan kama shi, runduna ta 1 ta Panzer ita ce ta kai hari dajin Ottisia don lalata sauran sojojin Soviet daga baya. Sa'an nan kuma za a kori sojojin abokan gaba kai tsaye a kan gada. Abin baƙin ciki shine, Janar na Jamus bai yi la'akari da shawarwarin jami'an Hungary ba, waɗanda suka riga sun yi yaƙi sau biyu a yankin. An bukaci sojojin na 1st Panzer Division da su kai farmaki ga sojojin da ke kare gadar da sauri, ba tare da kutsawa cikin dajin ba, kai tsaye a hanyar Selyavnoye. Janar na Jamus ya yi imanin cewa abokan gaba ba za su sami lokaci don aika ƙarfafawa a kan gadar ba.

Harin da sojojin Hungary suka yi a ranar 9 ga Satumba, 1942 ya zama farkon daya daga cikin mafi yawan jini na fadace-fadace a kan Don. A gefen hagu, Rundunar Sojojin Jamus ta 168th (Kwamanda: Janar Dietrich Kreiss) da Hungarian 20th Light Division (Kwamandan: Colonel Geza Nagye), wanda ke goyon bayan 201st Assault Gun Battalion, sun kai farmaki Storozhevoe. Duk da haka, sun fuskanci kariya mai karfi kuma ci gabansu ya kasance a hankali. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa Red Army yana da kusan wata guda don mayar da matsayinsu a cikin wani babban sansanin soja: tankunan T-34 da aka tona da kuma 3400 na ma'adinai sun yi aiki a kan gada. Da yamma, an aika da wata ƙungiyar yaƙi daga Bataliya ta 1, Rejimentar Tanka ta 30, wanda Kyaftin MacLary ya jagoranta, don tallafa wa harin. Sajan Janos Chismadia, kwamandan PzKpfw 38 (t), musamman ya bambanta kansa a wannan rana. Wani jirgin Soviet T-34 ya bayyana ba zato ba tsammani a bayan sojojin Jamus da suka kai hari, amma ma'aikatan tankunan Hungary sun yi nasarar lalata shi a kusa da nesa; wanda wani lamari ne da ba kasafai ba. Nan take kwamandan tankin ya bar motarsa ​​ya lalata wasu matsuguni guda biyu tare da taimakon hannu. A wannan ranar, shi da waɗanda ke ƙarƙashinsa sun sami damar ƙwace fursunonin yaƙi guda 30. An bai wa Sajan kyautar kyautar Azurfa ta Ƙarfafa.

PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1. Kamar Wehrmacht, Hungarian 1st Panzer Division yana da ƙananan makamai masu dacewa da za su iya fuskantar KW da T-34 na Soviet.

Yaƙin ya koma ƙauyen kansa da kewaye a ranar 10 ga Satumba. Tankunan PzKpfw IV na kamfanin na 3 sun lalata T-34 guda biyu da KW guda daya tare da tilastawa tankunan tankar birget 116 ja da baya a gabashin kauyen. Biyu daga cikin wadannan tankuna an lalata su da wani kofur. Janos Rosik. Lokacin da 'yan kasar Hungary, suna tura abokan gaba, sun kusan barin ƙauyen, keken Roshik ya buge da harsashi mai girman 76,2mm. Tankin ya fashe, duka ma'aikatan sun mutu. Rundunar Tanki ta 30 ta rasa daya daga cikin kwararrun ma'aikatanta.

Sojojin Jamus da Hungary sun yi nasarar kame Storozhevoye, inda suka yi asarar wasu tankokin PzKpfw 38(t) guda biyu. A lokacin wannan yakin, Sgt. Gyula Boboytsov, kwamandan kwamandan na 3rd kamfanin. A halin da ake ciki kuma, a bangaren dama, Rundunar Haske ta 13 ta kai hari kan Urive, inda ta kame mafi yawan hare-haren cikin kwanaki biyu. Duk da haka, bayan lokaci, an tilastawa sassan sassan ja da baya saboda jerin hare-haren da Tarayyar Soviet suka yi. Da safe 11 ga Satumba, dukan yankin Storozhev aka mamaye da Jamus-Hungarian sojojin. An sami ƙarin ci gaba da ruwan sama mai yawa.

Da yammacin ranar ne dai aka aike da tankokin yaki na kasar Hungary domin kai hari ta dajin Ottissia, amma bindigogin kakkabo tankokin yaki sun tare su daga matsuguni a gefen dajin. Motoci da dama sun lalace sosai. Peter Luksch (wanda aka kara masa girma a karshen watan Satumba), kwamandan runduna ta 2 masu sulke, ya samu mummunan rauni a kirji sakamakon wani guntun harsashi a wajen tankin. Kyaftin ya dauki umarni. Tibor Karpaty, kwamandan kamfanin na 5 na yanzu. A lokaci guda, an tura brigades na 6 da 54 zuwa ga gadar Soviet 130th Army, wanda ya hada da, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, tankuna masu karfin 20 kW da T-34 mai yawa.

Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun tanki na Hungary, Laftanar Istvan Simon; 1942

Satumba 12, 1942 sojojin Jamus-Hungarian sun tilasta canza babban alkiblar harin. Da safe ne dai wasu manyan bindigogi daga gabashin gabar tekun Don suka fado kan 'yan kasar Hungary da Jamusawa dake shirin kai farmaki. Laftanar Kanar Endre Zador, kwamandan runduna ta 30 masu sulke, Laftanar Kanar Rudolf Resch ya samu munanan raunuka, kwamandan runduna ta daya mai sulke ta karbe iko. Duk da rashin nasara da aka fara, harin ya yi nasara. Sabon kwamandan rundunonin da ke jagorantar harin a tashin farko, ya lalata bindigogin kakkabo tankokin yaki guda shida da bindigogin fage guda biyu. Ya isa ƙafar Hill 1, ya bar motarsa ​​ya shiga cikin harin kai tsaye, yana kawar da maboyar abokan gaba guda biyu. Bayan tankunan kasar Hungary sun yi asara mai yawa, sojojin Soviet sun kori sojojin Hungary daga muhimmin tudun da ke tsakiyar gadar. Sojojin runduna ta 187,7 sun fara tono wuraren da aka riga aka mamaye. Zuwa yamma, tankunan KW sun bayyana a gefen hagu. A ƙarshen rana, wani babban harin Soviet ya kori Jamusawa daga matsayinsu na tsaro a Hill 168. Bataliya mai sulke ta 187,7. An umarci Tibor Karpatego ya sake kai hari. Kofur Mocker ya bayyana yakin ranar:

Mun tashi da karfe 4:30 muka shirya muka bar wurin. Kofur Gyula Witko (direba) ya yi mafarki cewa an bugi tankinmu... Duk da haka, Lieutenant Halmos bai bar mu mu yi dogon tunani ba game da wannan ikirari: “Ku fara injinan. Mataki!" ... Nan da nan ya bayyana a fili cewa muna tsakiyar harin Soviet a kan layi ... Sojojin Jamus na cikin matsayi, suna shirye su kai farmaki. ... Na sami ɗan taƙaitaccen rahoto daga kwamandan runduna a gefen dama, mai yiwuwa Laftanar Attila Bojaski (kwamandan runduna na 6th), wanda ya nemi taimako da wuri: “Za su harbi tankunanmu ɗaya bayan ɗaya! Nawa ya karye. Muna buƙatar taimakon gaggawa!

Ita ma bataliyar tanki ta 1 tana cikin tsaka mai wuya. Kwamandan nata ya nemi tallafi daga Nimrods don tunkarar tankokin Soviet da suka kai hari. Kofur din ya ci gaba da cewa:

Mun isa tankin Kyaftin Karpathy, wanda ke cikin wuta mai tsanani ... Akwai wani katon hayaki da kura a kusa da shi. Muka ci gaba har muka isa hedkwatar sojojin Jamus na Jamus. ... wani tanki na Rasha yana tafiya a cikin filin a karkashin mummunar wuta. Dan bindigar mu Njerges ya mayar da wuta da sauri. Ya yi ta harbin harsashi masu sulke daya bayan daya. Duk da haka, wani abu ya kasance ba daidai ba. Harsashin mu sun kasa shiga cikin makaman tankin makiya. Wannan rashin taimako ya yi muni! Sojojin Soviet sun lalata kwamandan rundunar PzKpfw 38 (t) Karpaty, wanda, cikin sa'a, ya fita daga cikin motar. Rashin ƙarfi na bindigogi 37-mm na tankunan Hungary sun san Hungarian, amma yanzu ya bayyana a fili cewa Soviets ma sun san game da shi kuma za su yi amfani da shi. Wani rahoton sirri na Hungary ya bayyana cewa: "Sovietiyawa sun yaudare mu a lokacin yakin Uriva na biyu ... T-34s sun lalata kusan dukkanin sassan panzer a cikin 'yan mintoci kaɗan."

Bugu da kari, yakin ya nuna cewa rukunin masu sulke na bangaren na bukatar PzKpfw IV, wanda zai iya yaki da tankokin T-34, amma har yanzu akwai matsala da KW. A ƙarshen ranar, PzKpfw IV guda huɗu ne kawai da 22 PzKpfw 38 (t) suka shirya don yaƙi. A cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na Satumba 13, 'yan Hungary sun lalata T-34 guda takwas tare da lalata KV guda biyu. A ranar 14 ga Satumba, Red Army sun yi ƙoƙari su kwato Storozhevoe, amma abin ya ci tura. Ranar ƙarshe na yaƙi, yaƙi na uku na Uriv, shine Satumba 16, 1942. 'Yan kasar Hungary sun harba bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu guda biyar na Nimrod daga bataliya ta 51 ta rugujewar tanka, lamarin da ya sa rayuwar jiragen ruwan Soviet ta kasa jurewa daga bindigogi masu saurin harbe-harbe mai tsawon milimita 40. Rukunan masu sulke na Tarayyar Soviet su ma sun yi babban asara a wannan rana, gami da. Tankuna 24 sun lalace, ciki har da KW guda shida. Ya zuwa karshen ranar fada, Rundunar tanka ta 30 tana da 12 PzKpfw 38(t) da 2 PzKpfw IV F1. Sojojin Jamus da Hungary sun yi asarar mutane 10 2. mutane: 8 dubu sun mutu kuma sun ɓace kuma dubu XNUMX sun ji rauni.

Tankin Hungarian PzKpfw IV Ausf. F2 da sojoji a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe don Krotoyak da Uriv; 1942

A ranar 3 ga Oktoba, kungiyar Panzer Corps ta Jamus XXIV ta rasa kwamandanta, Janar Langermann-Erlankamp, ​​wanda ya mutu sakamakon fashewar wani roka mai tsawon 122mm. Tare da Janar na Jamus, an kashe kwamandojin runduna ta 20 na Haske da na runduna ta 14, Kanar Geza Nagy da Jozsef Mik. A lokaci guda kuma, 1st Panzer Division yana da kashi 50% na farawar tankuna. Asarar sojoji ba ta yi yawa ba. An aika da gogaggun jami’ai bakwai zuwa Hungary, ciki har da wani kyaftin. Laszlo Maclary; don shiga cikin horar da jiragen ruwa na 2nd Panzer Division. A watan Nuwamba, goyon baya ya isa: shida PzKpfw IV F2 da G, 10 PzKpfw III N. An aika samfurin farko zuwa kamfani na manyan tankuna, da kuma "troika" zuwa kamfanin 5th na Laftanar Karoli Balogh.

Ƙarfafawa da kayayyaki na ƙungiyar masu sulke na Hungary sun isa sannu a hankali. A ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba, kwamandan runduna ta 2, Janar Gustav Jahn, ya yi zanga-zanga ga Jamusawa dangane da rashin iya isar da kayayyakin tankokin yaki da kayayyaki. Sai dai an yi kokarin kawo kayayyaki da makamai cikin gaggawa.

An yi sa'a, ba a sami sabani mai tsanani ba. A karon farko da wasu sassa na Hungarian sulke division ya faru a ranar 19 ga Oktoba, 1942 kusa da Storozhevo; 1st bataliya mai sulke. Gezi Mesolego ya lalata tankunan Soviet guda hudu. Tun Nuwamba 1st Panzer Division aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga Reserve na 2nd Army. A wannan lokacin, an sake tsara sashin bindigu na sashin, ya zama tsarin sarrafa bindigogi (daga Disamba 1, 1942). A cikin watan Disamba, sashin ya karbi Marders IIs guda biyar, wanda wani rukunin masu lalata tanki ne wanda Capt. S. Pal Zergeni ya umarta. Domin sake tsara runduna ta 1 ta Panzer a watan Disamba, Jamusawan sun aika da jami'ai 6, hafsoshi marasa aikin yi da sojoji daga runduna ta 50 ta Panzer don sake horar da su.

Sun shiga cikin fada a 1943.

Sojoji na 2nd Panzer Division a kan Don, bazara 1942.

Ranar 2 ga Janairu, 1943, an sanya rukunin 1st Armored Division a ƙarƙashin ikon kai tsaye na gawawwakin Janar Hans Kramer, wanda ya haɗa da 29th da 168th infantry Divisions, 190th Assault Gun Battalion, da 700th Armored Division. A wannan rana, sashin Hungarian ya haɗa da 8 PzKpfw IV F2 da G, 8 PzKpfw IV F1, 9 PzKpfw III N, 41 PzKpfw 38 (t), 5 Marder II da 9 Toldi.

Tare da raka'a na 2nd Army, 1st Tank Division ne ke da alhakin tsaron gaban line a kan Don, tare da tsakiyar batu a Voronezh. A lokacin hare-haren hunturu na sojojin Red Army, sojojin na 40th Army sun kai farmaki kan gadar Uriv, wanda, baya ga Guards Rifle Division, ya hada da hudu bindigogi da brigades uku sulke da tankuna 164, ciki har da tankuna 33 KW da 58 T. tankuna 34. Sojojin Soviet 18th Rifle Corps sun kaddamar da hare-hare daga gadar Choutier, ciki har da birged biyu masu sulke dauke da tankokin yaki 99, ciki har da T-56 34. Ya kamata ya yi gaba daga arewa zuwa kudu don saduwa da Rundunar Tanki ta 3 a Kantamirovtsy. Daga Kantemirovka, a kudancin reshe na Soviet sulke sojojin suna gaba, wanda yana da 425 (+53?) tankuna, ciki har da 29 KV da 221 T-34. Har ila yau, Soviets sun ba da isasshen goyon bayan manyan bindigogi, a cikin yankin Uriv ya kasance bindigogi 102 a kowace kilomita na gaba, a Shtushya - 108, da Kantemirovtsy - 96. A cikin yankin Uriv, 122 mm masu tayar da hankali sun harba 9500, bindigogi 76,2 mm - 38 zagaye. . , da makaman roka - 000 makamai masu linzami.

Matsayin tanki na Hungarian Camouflaged; Krotoyak, Agusta 1942.

Janairu 12, 1943 a matsayin wani ɓangare na 1st Hungarian Armored Division (komanda: Colonel Ferenc Horváth, wanda aka kara masa girma zuwa Major General a Fabrairu 1943, Chief of Staff: Major Karoli).

Chemez) ya kasance:

• Bataliya Mai Saurin Sadarwa ta 1st - Kyaftin Cornel Palotasi;
• 2nd Anti-Aircraft Rukuni - Major Illes Gerhardt, wanda ya ƙunshi: 1st Motorized Medium Artillery Group - Major Gyula Jovanovic, 5th Motorized Medium Artillery Group - Laftanar Kanar Istvan Sendes, 51st Tank Destroyer Division - Laftanar Kanar Janos Torcsvary - Batta na farko Battalion Leutenant Ede Galosfay, Kamfanin Rushe Tanki na 1 - Kyaftin. Pal Zergeni;
• Rejimentar Rifle Mota ta 1 - Laftanar Kanar Ferenc Lovay, wanda ya ƙunshi: Bataliya mai Motar Mota ta 1 - Kyaftin. Laszlo Varadi, bataliyar bindiga mai motsi ta 2 - Major Ishvan Hartyansky, bataliyar bindiga ta 3rd - kyaftin. Ferenc Herke;
• 30th Panzer Pool – ppłk Andre Horváth, w składzi: kompania sztabowa – por. Mátyás Fogarasi, 1. zmotoryzowana kompania saperów – kpi. Laszlo Kelemen, Battalion na 1st Tank - Kyaftin Geza Mesely (Kamfanin Czolgow na farko - Janos Nowak, Kamfanin 1nd Czolgow - Zoltan Szekely, Kamfanin Cholgow na 2 - Albert Kovacs), Battalion na 3nd Tank - Dező Widac (kamfanin Czolgow na 2 Czołgów - pormpaw) czołgów - por. Felix-Kurt Dalitz, 4. kompania czołgów - por. Lajos Balázs).

A ranar 12 ga watan Janairun 1943 ne aka fara kai hare-hare na Red Army, kafin daga bisani kuma aka fara shirye-shiryen manyan bindigogi, sannan da bataliyoyin soja guda shida da suka samu goyon bayan tankokin yaki, wadanda suka kai hari kan bataliya ta 3, runduna ta 4, ta 7th Light Division. Tuni a lokacin da ake harba bindigogin, rundunar ta yi asarar kusan kashi 20-30% na ma'aikatanta, ta yadda da yamma makiya suka ja da baya a nisan kilomita 3. A ranar 14 ga watan Janairu ne ya kamata a fara kai farmakin sojojin Soviet a Uriv, amma an yanke shawarar sauya shirin da kuma hanzarta kai harin. A safiyar ranar 13 ga watan Junairu ne rundunan sojojin kasar Hungary suka fara cin wuta mai tsanani, sannan tankokin yaki sun lalata wuraren da suke. Dakarun tankokin yaki na 700 na Jamus da ke dauke da PzKpfw 38(t) kusan tankunan tankokin na 150 sun lalata gaba daya. Kashegari, Rundunar Sojojin Soviet 18th Infantry Corps ta kai hari tare da fada cikin rukuni na Hungarian 12th Light Division a Shuce. Makaman bindigogi na 12th Field Artillery Regiment sun lalata tankunan Soviet da yawa amma ba su iya yin komai ba. Sojojin sun fara ja da baya ba tare da tallafin manyan bindigogi ba. A cikin yankin Kantemirovka, Rundunar Sojan Panzer ta Soviet ta 3 kuma ta keta layin Jamus, tankunanta sun dauki hedkwatar XXIV Panzer Corps a Shilino, kudu maso yammacin birnin Rossosh, da mamaki. Wasu jami'ai da sojojin Jamus kaɗan ne suka yi nasarar tserewa. Ranar 14 ga watan Janairu ita ce rana mafi sanyi a lokacin hunturu na 1942/43. Kanar Yeno Sharkani, Babban Hafsan Hafsoshin Soja na 2 na Sojoji na XNUMX, ya rubuta a cikin wani rahoto cewa: ... komai ya daskare, matsakaicin zafin jiki.

a wannan lokacin sanyi ya kasance -20 ° C, a ranar ya kasance -30 ° C.

Janar Lajos Veres, kwamandan runduna ta 1 ta sulke har zuwa 1 ga Oktoba 1942

A yammacin ranar 16 ga watan Janairu, sassan runduna ta 1 ta Panzer sun kaddamar da farmaki kan Woitysh, wanda rundunar sojojin ta 18 ta mamaye. Sakamakon wani harin turmi, kwamandan runduna ta 1 masu motoci, Laftanar Kanar Ferenc Lovai, ya samu raunuka. Laftanar Kanar Jozsef Szigetváry ne ya karɓe umurnin, wanda da sauri Janar Kramer ya umarce shi da ya dakatar da farmakin ya ja da baya yayin da sojojin Hungary ke cikin haɗarin kewaye. A lokacin, Soviets sun ci gaba da zurfin kilomita 60 zuwa cikin layin Jamus-Hungary kusa da Uriva; rata a cikin matsayi kusa da Kantemirovka ya kasance mai girma - 30 km fadi da 90 km zurfi. Rossosh ya riga ya 'yantar da 12th Panzer Corps na 3rd Panzer Army. Ranar 17 ga watan Janairu, runduna masu sulke na Soviet da sojojin sun isa Ostrogoshki, wadanda ke kare raka'a na Hungarian 13th Light Division da kuma rejistan na Jamus 168th infantry Division.

Komawar tankunan Hungarian PzKpfw 38 (t); Disamba 1942

Da sanyin safiya, Rukunin Panzer na 1, tare da PzKpfw IIIs guda takwas da PzKpfw IV guda hudu, suka kaddamar da wani farmaki a kan hanyar Dolshnik-Ostrogoshk, inda suka lalata wani ginshikin motar Soviet. Janar Kramer ya soke harin. Ɗaya daga cikin nakasassun PzKpfw IVs ya tashi. Abin baƙin ciki ga raka'a na division, akwai daya kawai hanya zuwa Alekseevka, toshe tare da mutane da kayan aiki, duka biyu aiki da kuma watsi ko halaka. Rukunin masu sulke na kasar Hungary sun samu gagarumar asara a yayin wannan tattaki, musamman saboda rashin kayayyakin gyara da man fetur, tankunan PzKpfw 38 (t) sun nutse a cikin dusar kankara, don haka aka watsar da su aka kuma tashi. An lalata tankokin yaki da dama a wurin gyaran sashen da ke Kamenka, alal misali, bataliyar tanki ta daya ce kawai ta tarwatsa 1 PzKpfw 17 (t) da 38 PzKpfw IV da sauran kayan aiki da dama.

A ranar 19 ga Janairu, an ba da rukunin masu sulke na Hungary aikin kaddamar da farmaki kan Aleksievka. Don tallafawa ɓangaren raunana (har zuwa 25 ga Janairu), rukunin 559th na masu lalata tanki laftanar kanar. Wilhelm Hefner ne adam wata. An fara harin na hadin gwiwa da karfe 11:00 na safe. Karamin Laftanar Denes Nemeth na kungiyar Yaki da Makamai ta Biyu ya bayyana harin kamar haka:...mun ci karo da manyan bindigogin turmi, manya da kananan bindigogi. Daya daga cikin tankunan mu da wata nakiya ta tashi, wasu motoci da dama kuma... Tun daga titin farko, an fara gwabza kazamin fada a kowane gida, layi, sau da yawa tare da bayonet, inda bangarorin biyu suka yi hasara mai yawa.

An lalata tankunan Fiat 3000B na sashin 'yan sanda da ke aiki a bayan Gabashin Gabas; hunturu 1942/43

'Yan kasar Hungary sun lalata tankunan yaki guda hudu. An dakatar da fada bayan sa'o'i 2,5, 'yan kasar Hungary sun yi nasarar kwato birnin. Asarar bangaren sun hada da: PzKpfw III, wata nakiya ta tashi, da kuma PzKpfw IV guda biyu, da gobarar tanka ta lalata. Nimrod na Kamfani na 2, Bataliya ta 51 da ke lalata tankokin yaki shi ma ya bugi wata nakiya, wani kuma ya fada cikin wani katon rami lokacin da direbansa ya harbe a kai. An kuma jera wannan Nimrod a matsayin hasara da ba za a iya dawo da ita ba. A lokacin harin, kwamandan rukunin PzKpfw III daga kamfanin tanka na 3, Sajan V. Gyula Boboytsov. Da tsakar rana, juriya na Soviet, wanda ke samun goyon bayan tankunan T-60, ya karye ta hanyar rusa tankunan Hungarian Marder II. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin yaƙi na rukuni ya tsaya a kan tudu kusa da Alekseevka.

A safiyar ranar 19 ga watan Janairu ne dakarun Red Army daga kudu suka kai wa birnin hari. An dakile harin tare da lalata wasu tankokin T-34 da T-60. Duk da wannan nasarar, abubuwan da suka faru a wasu sassa na gaba na 2nd Army ya tilasta sojojin na 1st Panzer Division su kara ja da baya zuwa yamma. A yayin ja da baya, an lalata daya daga cikin Nimrods na kamfani na farko na bataliya ta 1 da ke lalata tankokin yaki. Ya kamata, duk da haka, a gane cewa m nasarar da Hungarian sulke unit a Janairu 51 da kuma 18 sanya shi yiwuwa a janye sojojin Kramer, 19th da 20 gawarwaki ta hanyar Alekseevka. A daren Janairu 21-21, ƙungiyoyin yaƙi na rukunin tankuna sun lalata tashar da hanyar jirgin ƙasa a Alekseevka. Ranar 1 ga watan Janairu, Rundunar Panzer ta 26 ta sake kaddamar da wani harin da zai taimaka wajen ja da baya na Rundunar Sojojin Jamus ta 168. Sojojin na Jamus na 13th Infantry Division da Hungarian 19th Light Division suna kare gaba a Ostrogosk har zuwa 20 ga Janairu. Sojojin Hungarian na ƙarshe sun bar Ostrogoshk akan zaman lafiya na Janairu XNUMX.

Albert Kovacs, daya daga cikin manyan kwamandojin tankokin yaki na Bataliya ta 3, Regiment na 30.

Raka'a na 1st Tank Division, rufe ja da baya tsakanin Ilyinka da Alekseevka, tuntube a kan wani Soviet leken asiri kungiyar, wanda suka ci nasara (80 kashe, biyu manyan motoci da biyu anti-tanki bindigogi halaka). 'Yan kasar Hungary sun mamaye yammacin Alekseevka kuma sun gudanar da shi har tsawon dare tare da goyon bayan Marder II na Bataliya ta 559th Fighter. An dakile hare-haren makiya da dama, an kuma yi asarar mutane shida. Abokan hamayyar sun rasa 150-200 daga cikinsu. A ranar 22 ga watan Janairu dare da rana, sojojin Soviet sun kai hari a kan Ilyinka, amma sassan rundunar masu sulke na Hungary sun dakile kowane harin. Da sanyin safiyar ranar 23 ga watan Janairu, bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu na Marder II sun lalata T-34 da T-60. A wannan rana, komawa daga Ilyinka ya fara ne a matsayin mai gadin gawawwaki - ko kuma abin da ya rage - Kramer. An kai sabon layin tsaro kusa da Novy Oskol a ranar 25 ga Janairu, 1943.

Samfurin mai lalata tankin Hungarian akan chassis na tankin Toldi. Ba a taɓa sanya shi cikin samarwa ba; 1943-1944

Bayan kwanaki da yawa sanyi amma shiru, a ranar 20 ga Janairu, Soviets sun kaddamar da farmaki a kan Novy Oskol. A arewa maso gabashin wannan birni kuwa, kamfanin tanka na 6 ya rasa kwamandansa (duba Lajos Balas, wanda a wancan lokacin yana wajen tankar, kuma aka kashe shi da duka). An kasa dakatar da harin makiya. Sassan bangaren sun fara ja da baya a karkashin farmakin makiya. Duk da haka, har yanzu suna da ikon iya kai hare-hare, wanda hakan ya sa rundunar ta Red Army ta yi kasa a gwiwa, tare da dakile manyan dakarunta.

Yaƙin da aka yi a birnin kansa ya yi muni sosai. An adana rahoton rediyo daga gare su, mai yiwuwa Kofur Miklos Jonas ya aiko: “Na lalata bindigar tanka na Rasha kusa da tashar. Muna ci gaba da ci gabanmu. Mun haɗu da manyan bindigogi da ƙananan wuta daga gine-gine da kuma daga babban mahadar titin. A daya daga cikin titunan da ke arewacin tashar, na lalata wata bindigar tanka, wadda muka bi ta muka harba sojojin Rasha 40 da manyan bindigogi. Muna ci gaba da tallanmu...

Tankunan Hungarian Turan da PzKpfw 38 (t) a Ukraine; bazara 1943

Bayan fadan a wannan rana, kwamandan tanka Jonas ya samu lambar yabo mafi girma na kasar Hungary: Medal na Zinare na Jami'in don Jajircewa. A sakamakon haka, sassan sassan sun bar birnin kuma suka koma ƙauyen Mikhailovka a gabashin Korocha. A wannan rana, sashin ya yi asarar mutane 26, akasari sun samu raunuka, da kuma tankin PzKpfw IV guda daya, wanda ma'aikatan jirgin suka tarwatsa. An kiyasta tashin jirgin da Tarayyar Soviet ta kai da sojoji kusan 500.

Kwanaki biyu na gaba sun fi shuru. Sai kawai a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, an yi yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa, lokacin da bataliyar abokan gaba ta kori daga Tatyanovsky. Washegari, runduna ta 1 ta Panzer ta fatattaki wasu hare-haren Soviet tare da sake kwace kauyen Nikitovka da ke arewa maso yammacin Mikhailovka. Bayan janye wasu raka'o'i zuwa Koroche, sashin Panzer na daya shima ya ja da baya. A can, Hungarians sun sami goyon bayan Rundunar Sojojin 1 na Janar Dietrich Kreis. Ranar 168 ga Fabrairu, an yi yaƙi don birnin, inda sojojin Soviet suka kama gine-gine da dama. A ƙarshe, an kori sojojin Red Army daga birnin.

Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun motocin sulke na Hungary shine bindigar hari na Zrinyi II; 1943

Washegari kuma aka kewaye birnin ta gefe uku. Da karfe 4:45 aka fara harin Soviet. Bindigu guda biyu na Nimrod masu sarrafa kansa, suna harbe-harbe cikin gajeren lokaci, aƙalla na ɗan lokaci sun dakatar da harin daga gabas. Da karfe 6:45 na safe, rukunin Jamus ya ja da baya. Sojojin Soviet 400-500 ne suka kai masa hari, suna kokarin yanke shi daga birnin. Komawar da Jamusawa suka yi ya samu goyon bayan Nimrodius, wanda babbar gobarar ta sa ginshiƙin ya isa inda yake. Hanya daya tilo zuwa Belogrud ta jagoranci kudu maso yammacin birnin. Duk sauran raka'a sun riga sun bar Krotosha. Jiragen tanka na kasar Hungary su ma sun fara ja da baya, suna gwabza fadan da ba a saba ba. A lokacin wannan ja da baya, an hura Nimrod na ƙarshe, da kuma PzKpfw 38 (t), na ƙarshe da aka hallaka a yaƙin T-34 da T-60 guda biyu. Ma'aikatan jirgin sun tsira kuma sun tsere. Ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairu ita ce rana ta karshe na manyan fadace-fadacen da bangaren Hungarian ya fafata a gabas.

Tank Toldi II, wanda aka sake ginawa bisa ga tsarin Jamus, tare da faranti na gefe; 1943

A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, 1st Tank Division ya ketare Donetsk kuma ya isa Kharkov. Bayan ja da baya, Marders II guda biyu (an mayar da su Jamus a lokacin rani na 1943) sun kasance cikin sabis. Asara ta ƙarshe ita ce kwamandan runduna ta 2 ta Armored Battalion, Manjo Dező Vidats, wanda ya mutu a asibiti sakamakon kamuwa da cutar typhus a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1943. A ranar 28 ga watan Janairu, sashin yana da jami'ai 316 da 7428 marasa aikin yi da mazaje. Jimillar asarar da aka yi a sashen na watannin Janairu da Fabrairun 1943 an kashe jami’ai 25 da raunata 50, wasu 9 kuma sun bace, daga cikin wadanda ba na gwamnati ba, alkaluma sun hada da: 229, 921 da 1128; kuma daga cikin matsayi da fayil - 254, 971, 1137. An mayar da sashin zuwa Hungary a ƙarshen Maris 1943. A cikin duka, sojojin 2nd sun rasa sojoji 1 tsakanin 6 Janairu da 1943 Afrilu 96: 016 sun ji rauni mai tsanani sun kamu da rashin lafiya da kuma rashin lafiya. An aika zuwa Hungary don sanyi, kuma an kashe mutane 28, kama ko bace. Raka'a na Voronezh Front a fadace-fadace da Hungary sun yi asarar jimillar sojoji 044, ciki har da 67 da aka kashe.

Yaƙin ya kusanci iyakar Hungary - 1944.

Bayan shan kaye a kan Don a watan Afrilun 1943, Babban Jami'in Hungarian ya hadu don tattauna dalilai da sakamakon shan kashi a Gabashin Gabas. Dukkanin manya da kananan hafsoshi sun fahimci cewa dole ne a aiwatar da shirin sake tsarawa da kuma zamanantar da sojoji, musamman ma sun mai da hankali kan yadda za a karfafa makamai masu sulke. In ba haka ba, ƙungiyoyin Hungarian da ke yaƙi da Red Army ba za su sami damar yin yaƙi daidai da tankunan Soviet ba. A lokacin 1943 da 1944, an sake gina tankuna 80 na Toldi I, an sake mayar da su da bindigogi 40 mm kuma an sanye su da ƙarin sulke na 35 mm a kan sulke na gaba da faranti.

bindiga mai sarrafa kansa "Zrinyi II" an sanye shi da bindigar 105-mm; 1943

Matakin farko na shirin ya kamata ya ci gaba har zuwa tsakiyar 1944 kuma ya haɗa da haɓaka sabon samfurin tanki - 41M Turán II mai bindiga 75 mm da kuma tudun manyan bindigogi masu sarrafa kansa na Zrinyi II tare da bindigar mm 105. Mataki na biyu ya kasance har zuwa 1945 kuma samfurinsa na ƙarshe shine ya zama tanki mai nauyi na samar da kansa kuma, idan zai yiwu, mai lalata tanki (wanda ake kira shirin Tas M.44). Mataki na biyu bai fara aiki ba.

Bayan shan kashi a kan Don Afrilu 1, 1943, Hungarian umurnin fara aiwatar da uku shirin na sake tsara sojojin - "Knot III". Sabuwar bindigar mai sarrafa kanta mai lamba 44M Zrini tana dauke da bindigar anti-tanki mai tsayin mm 43 mm MAVAG 75M, kuma bindigar Zrini II mai lamba 43M tana dauke da bindigar 43mm MAVAG 105M. Za a yi amfani da wannan dabarar ne ta bataliyoyin makami masu sarrafa kansu, waɗanda za su haɗa da bindigogin Zrynya 21 da bindigogin Zriny II guda tara. Umarni na farko shine 40, na biyu 50.

An kafa bataliya ta farko a watan Yuli 1943, amma ta hada da tankunan Toldi da Turan. Bindigu biyar masu sarrafa kansu "Zriny II" sun birgima daga layin taron a watan Agusta. Saboda ƙarancin samar da kayayyaki na Zrynia II, ƙungiyoyin hari na 1 da na 10 ne kawai aka cika da kayan aiki, rukunin bindiga na 7 na sanye da bindigogin StuG III G na Jamus, kuma wani rukunin na Hungary ya karɓi bindigogi masu sarrafa kansa na Jamus Hetzer. . To sai dai kuma kamar yadda a cikin sojojin Jamus, wasu sassan bindigu na daga cikin makaman atilare ne na sojojin.

Hungarian, ba sojoji masu sulke ba.

A lokaci guda, ya bayyana a fili cewa sabuwar fasahar tana da rashin amfani da ke tattare da iyakokin ƙira. Sabili da haka, an shirya sake yin jigilar tankin Turan don shigar da bindigar 75-mm. Haka ya kamata a samar da Turan III. An kuma shirya maida Toldi zuwa wani tanki mai lalata ta hanyar ɗora bindigar anti-tanki mai lamba 40mm Pak 75 na Jamus akan wani babban gini mai sulke da aka fallasa. Duk da haka, babu abin da ya fito daga waɗannan tsare-tsaren. A saboda wannan dalili, an jera Weiss Manfred a matsayin wanda ya kamata ya haɓaka da kuma samar da sabon samfurin tankin Tas, da kuma bindiga mai sarrafa kansa bisa ga shi. Masu tsarawa da masu zanen kaya sun dogara da samfuran Jamus - tankin Panther da mai lalata tankin Jagdpanther.

Rundunar 'yan sandan kasar Hungary, da tankunan Toldi ke marawa baya, sun haye kogin tare da gadar da aka lalata; 1944

Tankin Tas na Hungarian ya kamata a yi amfani da shi da bindigar da aka yi a Hungary, mafi daidai kwafin Panther cannon, kuma bindigar mai sarrafa kanta ya kamata a yi amfani da ita da bindigar 88mm, daidai da tankin Tiger na Jamus. aka dauke da makamai. . An lalata samfurin da aka gama na tankin Tas a lokacin harin bam na Amurka a ranar 27 ga Yuli, 1944 kuma ba a taɓa yin shi ba.

Tun kafin shigar kasar Hungary a hukumance a yakin da kuma lokacin yakin, gwamnatin kasar Hungary da sojojin kasar sun yi kokarin samun lasisi daga Jamus don kera tankin zamani. A cikin 1939-1940, an fara yin shawarwari don siyan lasisi ga PzKpfw IV, amma Jamusawa ba su so su amince da wannan. A shekara ta 1943, wani abokin Jamus a ƙarshe ya ba da izinin sayar da lasisin wannan samfurin tanki. Hungarians sun fahimci cewa wannan na'ura ce mai aminci, "dokin aiki na Panzerwaffe", amma sun yi la'akari da zanen ya tsufa. A wannan karon sun ƙi. A sakamakon haka, sun yi ƙoƙarin samun izini don samar da sabon tanki mai suna Panther, amma abin ya ci tura.

Sai kawai a farkon rabin 1944, lokacin da halin da ake ciki a gaba canza muhimmanci, Jamus sun amince sayar da lasisi na Panther tank, amma a mayar da su bukatar astronomical adadin 120 miliyan ringgits (kimanin 200 miliyan pengő). Wurin da za a iya samar da waɗannan tankuna kuma ya zama mafi matsala. Gaban gaba yana kusantar iyakokin Hungarian kowace rana. Don haka, rukunin masu sulke na Hungary dole ne su dogara da kayan aikinsu da kayan aikinsu da kawancen Jamusawa ya samar.

Bugu da kari, tun daga watan Maris na shekarar 1944, an karfafa rundunonin sojoji na yau da kullum tare da rukunin batura masu sarrafa kansu guda uku (ko da kuwa kasancewar rukunin motocin sulke a cikin bataliyar leken asiri).

Sojojin kasar Hungary a lokacin ja da baya suna amfani da tankin Turan II; kaka 1944

Shigar Hungary a yakin bai taba samun farin jini sosai a cikin al'umma ba. Don haka Regent Horthy ya fara tattaunawar sirri tare da Allies don janyewa daga yakin da ba a yarda da shi ba tare da sanya hannu kan zaman lafiya na 'yan aware. Berlin ta gano waɗannan ayyuka, kuma a ranar 19 ga Maris, 1944, Operation Margaret ya fara. An tsare Admiral Horthy a gidan kaso, kuma gwamnatin yar tsana ta kwace mulki a kasar. A sa'i daya kuma, an kammala aikin samar da tankokin yaki ga sojojin kasar Hungary. A karkashin matsin lamba daga Jamus, rundunar Hungarian ta aika da sojoji 150 da hafsoshi na Sojoji na farko (komanda: Janar Lajos Veress von Dalnoki) don toshe gibin da ke gaban gabas da ya taso a kudu maso yammacin Ukraine, a gindin Carpathians. Ya kasance wani ɓangare na Army Group "Arewacin Ukraine" (komandan: Field Marshal Walter Model).

Jamusawa sun fara sake tsara sojojin Hungary. An wargaza babban hedikwatar, kuma an fara ƙirƙirar sabbin sassan ajiyar. A cikin duka, a cikin 1944-1945, Jamusawa sun ba wa Hungary tankuna 72 PzKpfw IV H (52 a 1944 da 20 a 1945), 50 StuG III G kai hari (1944), 75 Hetzer tankers (1944-1945), kazalika. a matsayin mafi karami yawan tankuna Pantera G, daga cikinsu akwai mai yiwuwa bakwai (watakila da dama), da kuma Tygrys, wanda Hungarian sulke motocin samu, mai yiwuwa guda 13. Godiya ga samar da makamai masu sulke na Jamus ya sa ƙarfin yaƙi na 1st da 2nd Division Panzer ya karu. Baya ga tankunan nasu na zanen Turan I da Turan II, an yi musu sanye da kayan PzKpfw III M na Jamus da PzKpfw IV H. Har ila yau, 'yan kasar Hungary sun kirkiro bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu guda takwas masu dauke da bindigogin StuG III na kasar Jamus da kuma na Zrinyi na kasar Hungary.

A farkon shekara ta 1944, sojojin Hungary suna da tankunan Toldi I da II 66 da tankunan Toldi IIa 63. An tura rundunar sojan doki ta Hungarian 1st don yakar ’yan bangar a gabashin Poland, amma a maimakon haka sai da ta dakile hare-haren Red Army a lokacin Operation Bagration a matsayin wani bangare na Cibiyar Rukunin Sojoji. A yayin ja da baya daga Kletsk zuwa Brest-on-Bug, rukunin ya rasa tankunan Turan 84 da 5 Toldi. Jamusawa sun ƙarfafa rabon da batirin Marder suka aika zuwa yankin Warsaw. A watan Satumba na 1944, an aika da 1st Cavalry Division zuwa Hungary kuma 1st Hussar ya dauki wurinsa.

Tankunan Turan II na rukunin sulke na Hungarian na biyu; 2

Runduna ta daya da aka tura gaba ta hada da 1nd Panzer Division (komanda: Colonel Ferenc Ostawitz) da sabuwar 2st Assault Gun Division. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan isowa a gaba, ƙungiyar Panzer ta 1 ta kai hari kan layin Soviet don ɗaukar matakan tsaro masu kyau. A lokacin fadace-fadacen matsayi da aka bayyana a matsayin kagara mai lamba 2, Turaniyawa na Hungarian sun yi yaki da tankunan Soviet T-514/34. An fara kai harin ne da yammacin ranar 85 ga watan Afrilun da muke ciki da sojojin kasar Hungary masu sulke. Ba da da ewa ba, tankunan Turan na Hungarian II sun yi karo da T-17/34 da ke garzayawa don taimakon sojojin sojan Soviet. 'Yan kasar Hungary sun yi nasarar halaka biyu daga cikinsu, sauran kuma suka ja da baya. Har zuwa yammacin ranar 85 ga Afrilu, sojojin kungiyar sun ci gaba ta hanyoyi da dama zuwa garuruwan Nadvorna, Solotvina, Delatin da Kolomyia. Su da runduna ta 18 sun yi nasarar isa layin dogo na Stanislavov-Nadvorna.

Duk da tsananin tsayin daka da sojojin Soviet na 351 da na 70, da wasu 'yan tankokin yaki na 27 da 8th Brigades suka goyi bayan a farkon harin, dakarun Hungarian Reserve na 18 sun kwace Tysmenich. Rundunar ta 2nd Mountain Rifle Brigade ita ma ta samu nasara, inda ta kwato Delatin da ta bata a hannun dama. Ranar 18 ga Afrilu, bayan da suka ci nasara a yakin Nadvirna, 'yan kasar Hungary sun kori kuma suka koma baya tare da kwarin Prut zuwa Kolomyia. Duk da haka, sun kasa ɗaukar birnin da aka karewa. Amfanin Soviet ya yi yawa sosai. Haka kuma, a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, Rundunar Sojan Sama ta 16, ta haye ruwa mai kumbura na Bystrica, kuma ta kulle sojojin Soviet a cikin wani karamin aljihu da ke kusa da Ottyn. An kama sojoji 500, an kama manyan bindigogi 30 da bindigogi 17; An lalata wasu T-34/85 guda bakwai a aikin. Mutanen Hungary sun rasa mutane 100 ne kawai. Duk da haka, an dakatar da tattakinsu daga Kolomiyya.

A cikin Afrilu 1944, Bataliya ta 1 Assault Gun Battalion karkashin jagorancin Kyaftin M. Jozsef Barankay, wanda bindigogin Zrinya II ya yi kyau. A ranar 22 ga Afrilu, tankunan tankokin na 16 sun kai wa runduna ta 27 ta bindigu hari. Bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu sun shiga cikin yakin, inda suka lalata tankokin T-17/34 guda 85 tare da baiwa sojojin dakaru damar mamaye Khelbichin-Lesny.

bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu "Zrinyi II" tare da sojoji a kan tsaro; marigayi bazara 1944

Harin Afrilu na 1st Army ya cika aikinsa - don ƙaddamar da sojojin Soviet. Har ila yau, ya tilastawa sojojin Red Army yin karin runduna a yankin Kolomyia. An dawo da ci gaban layin gaba. Duk da haka, farashin da Sojoji na daya suka biya don haka ya yi yawa. Hakan ya faru ne musamman ga runduna ta biyu ta Panzer, wacce ta yi asarar tankokin Turán I guda takwas, tankunan Turan II, Toldi hudu, bindigogi masu sarrafa kansa na Nimrod hudu da kuma motoci masu sulke na Csaba guda biyu. Wasu tankunan da yawa sun lalace ko kuma sun lalace kuma dole ne a dawo da su don gyara. Ƙungiyar ta rasa kashi 1% na tankunan ta na dogon lokaci. Jiragen ruwan kasar Hungary sun sami damar ajiye a asusunsu na tankokin yaki 2 da aka lalata, yawancinsu T-80/27 ne da kuma akalla M34 Sherman guda daya. Duk da haka, Runduna ta 85 ta Panzer ba ta iya kame Kolomyia ba, har ma da goyon bayan wasu sojojin Hungary.

Saboda haka, an shirya wani farmaki na hadin gwiwa na sojojin Hungarian da na Jamus, wanda ya fara a daren 26-27 ga Afrilu kuma ya ci gaba har zuwa ranar 2 ga Mayu, 1944. bataliya ta 73 mai nauyi ta tanka, wanda kaftin din ya umarta, ta shiga cikin ta. Rolf Fromme. Baya ga tankunan Jamus, tawagar ta 19 ta Laftanar Erwin Schildey (daga kamfanin 503 na bataliyar 2 na runduna ta 3 masu sulke) ta shiga cikin fadace-fadacen, wanda ya kunshi tankunan Turán II guda bakwai. Lokacin da fadan ya kare a ranar 1 ga Mayu, kamfanin, wanda ya hada da tawaga ta 3, an janye shi a baya kusa da Nadvirna.

Yaƙe-yaƙe na 2nd Panzer Division daga Afrilu 17 zuwa 13 ga Mayu, 1944 ya kai: 184 da aka kashe, 112 bace da 999 rauni. Rundunar bindigu ta 3 ta yi asara mafi girma, an janye sojoji da hafsoshi 1000 daga cikin rukunin. Kwamandojin filaye na Jamus waɗanda suka yi yaƙi tare da ƙungiyar masu sulke na Hungary sun burge da ƙarfin hali na abokansu. Amincewar ya zama da gaske, kamar yadda Marshal Walter Model, kwamandan Rundunar Sojojin Arewacin Ukraine, ya ba da umarnin a tura kayan aiki zuwa sashin Panzer na 2, gami da bindigogin StuG III da yawa, tankunan PzKpfw IV H 10 da Tigers 10 (daga baya akwai wasu uku). Jiragen ruwan kasar Hungary sun yi wani gajeren zaman horo a bayan Gabashin Gabas. Tankunan sun je kamfanin na 3 na bataliya ta daya. Na karshen yana kan daidai da tawagar 1nd Leutenant Erwin Shielday da 2rd squadron na Captain S. Janos Vedress.

Tankuna "Tiger" sun shiga cikin wannan bangare saboda dalili. Garkuwan, wani ƙwararrun sojojin Hungary masu sulke, sun lalata motocin yaƙin abokan gaba guda 15 da kuma bindigogin tanka guda goma sha biyu. Kamfaninsa kuma ya karɓi tankunan Pantera, PzKpfw IV da Turán II. Laftanar shi ne na farko da ya jagoranci tawagarsa tare da "damisa" biyar a harin. A ranar 15 ga Mayu, Rukunin Panzer na 2 yana da tankunan Panther guda uku da tankunan Tiger hudu a ajiye. Panthers sun kasance a bataliya ta 2 na runduna ta 23 ta tanka. A ranar 26 ga Mayu, adadin na ƙarshe ya karu zuwa 10. A watan Yuni, babu Tigers a cikin rukuni. Kawai daga Yuli 11, shida serviceable tankuna na irin wannan sake bayyana, da kuma Yuli 16 - bakwai. A cikin wannan watan, an mika wasu "Tigers" guda uku ga 'yan kasar Hungary, wanda hakan ya sa adadin motocin da Jamusawa suka kawo ya karu zuwa 13. Har zuwa mako na biyu na Yuli, ma'aikatan "Tigers" na Hungary sun yi nasara. lalata T-34/85 guda hudu, bindigogin anti-tanki da yawa, da kuma kawar da ma'ajiyar bunkers da harsashi da yawa. An ci gaba da gwabza fada.

A watan Yuli, an tura sojojin 1st a cikin Carpathians, a cikin Yavornik massif, a cikin wani matsayi mai mahimmanci kafin Tatarka Pass a Gorgany. Duk da irin goyon bayan da kasar ke samu, ta kasa rike ko da yankin gabas mai tsawon kilomita 150, wanda ya yi kadan ga yanayin Gabashin Gabas. Buga na 1st Ukrainian Front ya koma Lvov da Sandomierz. A ranar 23 ga Yuli, Red Army ya fara kai hari kan wuraren Hungarian. Bayan kwanaki uku ana gwabza kazamin fada, 'yan kasar Hungary sun ja da baya. Kwanaki uku bayan haka, a yankin babban titin zuwa birnin Nadvorna, daya daga cikin "Tigers" na Hungary ya lalata rukunin Soviet kuma ya kai hari da kansa, inda ya lalata tankunan abokan gaba takwas. bindigogi da dama da manyan motoci masu yawa. Crew gunner Istvan Lavrenchik an ba shi lambar yabo ta Zinariya "Don Ƙarfafawa". Sauran ma'aikatan "Tiger" ma sun jimre.

Kwatanta tankin Turan II tare da aikin tanki mai nauyi na M.44 Tas; 1945

Wani hari da Tigers na Hungary suka kai a arewacin Cherneev ya kawar da hadarin daga Stanislavov, aƙalla na ɗan lokaci. Kashegari, 24 ga Yuli, sojojin Soviet sun sake kai hari kuma suka shiga cikin tsaro. Rikicin da “damisa” na Hungarian ya yi bai taimaka ba. Kaftin na kamfani na 3. Miklos Mathiashi, wanda ba zai iya yin komai ba, sai dai rage ci gaban sojojin Soviet da kuma rufe nasa ja da baya. Daga nan sai Laftanar Shieldday ya sami nasarar da ya fi shahara a yakin Hill 514 kusa da birnin Staurnia. "Tiger", wanda kwamandan runduna ya ba da umarni tare da wata na'ura mai irin wannan, ya lalata motocin abokan gaba guda 14 cikin kasa da rabin sa'a. Rikicin Soviet, wanda ya ci gaba har zuwa kwanakin farko na Agusta, ya tilasta wa 'yan Hungary su janye zuwa layin Hunyade (yankin Carpathian ta Arewa na iyakar Hungary). Sojojin kasar Hungary sun rasa hafsa da sojoji 30 a wadannan fadace-fadacen.

an kashe, an raunata da bacewar.

Bayan da wasu sassan Jamus guda biyu suka ƙarfafa su, an gudanar da layin tsaro duk da hare-haren da makiya suka yi, musamman ma titin Dukla. A lokacin wadannan fadace-fadacen, ma'aikatan kasar Hungary sun tarwatsa "Tigers" guda bakwai saboda matsalolin fasaha da kuma rashin yiwuwar gyara su a cikin ja da baya. An cire tankunan yaki guda uku ne kawai. Rahotonni na Agusta na 2nd Panzer Division sun bayyana cewa babu Tiger guda ɗaya da ya shirya yaƙi a wancan lokacin, rubutu ɗaya kawai ya ambata tankuna uku na irin wannan da ba a shirya ba tukuna da kuma babu wani Panthers. Wanda hakan ba yana nufin cewa na karshen bai wanzu ba kwata-kwata. A ranar 14 ga Satumba, an sake nuna Panthers biyar a yanayin aiki. A ranar 30 ga Satumba, an rage adadin zuwa biyu.

Jiragen ruwa na Jamus da Hungary a babban tankin "Tiger" na sojojin Hungarian; 1944

Lokacin da Romania ta shiga Tarayyar Soviet a ranar 23 ga Agusta, 1944, matsayin Hungarian ya zama mawuyaci. An tilasta sojojin kasar Hungary su gudanar da cikakken taro da kuma gudanar da jerin hare-hare kan sojojin Romania domin su rike layin Carpathians. A ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2nd Panzer Division ya shiga cikin fadace-fadacen da Romawa kusa da birnin Torda. A ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, runduna ta 3 ta Panzer ta 2nd Panzer Division tana dauke da 14 Toldi I, 40 Turan I, 14 Turan II, 10 PzKpfw III M, 10 PzKpfw IV H, XNUMX StuG III G bindigogi da tankunan Tiger XNUMX. An yi la'akari da wasu ukun ba su cancanci yin yaƙi ba.

A watan Satumba, a cikin tarihin rukunin Laftanar Shieldai da squadron, akwai tankuna na Panther, amma babu Tiger. Bayan asarar duk "Tigers", yafi saboda fasaha dalilai da kuma rashin man fetur yayin da ake rufe da ja da baya na Hungarian raka'a, "Panthers" aka kai masa. A watan Oktoba, adadin Panthers ya karu da tanki daya zuwa uku. An kuma yi amfani da waɗannan motocin da kyau. Ma’aikatan nasu da karancin horo sun yi nasarar lalata tankokin yaki na Soviet 16, bindigogin kakkabo tankokin yaki 23, manyan bindigogi guda 20, sannan kuma sun yi nasarar fatattakar bataliyoyin sojan kasa guda biyu da batir na harba makaman roka. Tankunan Shildi ne suka harba wasu bindigogi kai tsaye lokacin da suke kutsawa cikin layukan Soviet. Runduna ta 1 ta Panzer ta shiga yaƙe-yaƙe na Arad daga 13 ga Satumba zuwa 8 ga Oktoba. A tsakiyar watan Satumba, Red Army shiga yaki a kan wannan sashe na gaba.

A karshen watan Satumba na shekarar 1944, kasar Hungary, wadda ita ce cikas ta karshe a kan hanyar zuwa kudancin Jamus, ta fuskanci barazana kai tsaye sakamakon ci gaban da dakarun Red Army daga bangarori uku suka yi. Harin kaka na Soviet-Romania, duk da amfani da duk abubuwan da Hungarian suka yi, bai makale a cikin Carpathians ba. A lokacin kazamin fadace-fadacen da aka yi a Arad (Satumba 25 - Oktoba 8), Hungarian 1st Panzer Division, da goyon bayan Bataliyar Assault Gun Battalion ta 7, ta lalata motocin yakin Soviet fiye da 100. Ma'aikatan bindigu na bataliyar sun iya ba da tankunan tankuna 67 T-34/85 a asusunsu, sannan an rubuta wasu motoci guda goma na irin wannan a matsayin lalacewa ko ta yiwu.

Raka'a na Marshal Malinovsky ƙetare kan iyakar Hungary a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 1944. Kashegari, sojojin Soviet biyar, ciki har da daya masu sulke, suka kaddamar da farmaki kan Budapest. Sojojin Hungary sun yi taurin kai. Misali, a yayin wani hari da aka kai kan kogin Tisza, Bataliya ta bakwai na Laftanar Sandor Söke, da ke samun goyon bayan wasu ‘yan tsiraru na sojoji da ‘yan sandan soji, sun yi hasarar da yawa a kan sojojin tare da lalata ko kama T-7/. Tankuna 34, bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu SU-85, bindigogin kakkabo tankokin yaki guda uku, turmi guda hudu, manyan bindigogi 85, masu safara 10 da wata babbar mota, motoci 51 daga kan hanya.

A wasu lokuta ma’aikatan bindigu sun nuna jajircewa ko da ba su sami kariya daga makaman motocinsu ba. Jiragen yaki guda hudu daga bataliya ta 10 Assault Gun Battalion karkashin jagorancin CPR. Jozsef Buzhaki ya yi jerin gwano a bayan layin abokan gaba, inda ya shafe sama da mako guda. Sun tattara bayanai masu kima game da sojoji da tsare-tsaren makiya, kuma duk wannan tare da asarar wani matattu. Koyaya, nasarorin cikin gida ba za su iya canza yanayin mummunan halin da ake ciki a gaba ba.

A rabi na biyu na watan Oktoba ne 'yan Nazi na Hungary daga jam'iyyar Arrow Cross Party (Nyilaskeresztesek - Jam'iyyar Socialist ta Hungarian National Socialist Party) ta Ferenc Salas suka hau kan karagar mulki a Hungary. Nan da nan suka ba da umarnin a yi taro gaba ɗaya kuma suka tsananta tsananta wa Yahudawa, waɗanda a dā suka sami ’yanci. An kira dukkan mazan da ke tsakanin shekaru 12 zuwa 70 zuwa makami. Ba da da ewa 'yan Hungary sun sanya a hannun Jamusawa sababbin sassa hudu. An rage sojojin Hungary na yau da kullun a hankali, kamar yadda hedkwatar sashe ta kasance. A lokaci guda kuma, an kafa sabbin ƙungiyoyin Jamus da Hungary masu gauraya. An wargaza babban hedikwatar kuma an ƙirƙiri sabbin sassan ajiyar.

A ranar 10-14 ga Oktoba, 1944, ƙungiyar sojan doki na Janar Piev daga 2nd Ukrainian Front, suna ci gaba da Debrecen, Fretter-Pico Army Group (Jamus 6th da Hungarian 3rd runduna), yafi 1st Hussar division, 1st. Rukunin Makamai. rabon da kuma runduna ta 20 ta runduna. Wadannan sojojin sun yi asarar Nyiregyhaza a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, amma an sake kwace birnin a ranar 26 ga Oktoba. 'Yan kasar Hungary sun aika duk raka'o'in da ke akwai zuwa gaba. Su kansu ma'aikatan sun ba da kansu don kare ƙasarsu, saboda sau biyu da aka jikkata na motocin sulke na Hungary, Laftanar Erwin Shieldey, ya dage cewa ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin tawagar. A ranar 25 ga Oktoba, kudancin Tisapolgar, ƙungiyarsa, ko kuma shi da kansa a kai, ya lalata tankunan T-34/85 guda biyu da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu guda biyu a wani hari, sannan kuma sun lalata ko kama bindigogi guda shida na anti-tanki da turmi uku. . Bayan kwana biyar, rundunar da har yanzu tana wannan yanki, sojojin Red Army sun kewaye da daddare. Duk da haka, ya yi nasarar tserewa daga kewayen. Tankokin yaki na Hungary da bindigogi masu kai farmaki da sojojin kasa suka goya baya, sun lalata wata bataliyar sojojin sojan Soviet a wani yaki a fili. A yayin wannan gumurzun, Pantera Shieldaya ya samu bindigar riga-kafi daga nesa mai tsawon mita 25 kacal. A ci gaba da kai hare-haren, 'yan kasar Hungary sun ba da mamaki ga baturin sojan Soviet a kan tafiya kuma suka lalata shi.

Harin da aka kai a Budapest yana da muhimmiyar dabara da farfaganda ga Stalin. An fara harin ne a ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 1944, kuma a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, wasu ginshiƙai masu sulke na Soviet sun isa wajen babban birnin Hungary. Sai dai yunkurin kwace birnin cikin gaggawa ya ci tura. Jamusawa da Hungary, suna cin gajiyar lokacin hutu, sun faɗaɗa layin tsaro. A ranar 4 ga watan Disamba, sojojin Soviet da ke tahowa daga kudu sun isa tafkin Balaton, a bayan babban birnin kasar Hungary. A wannan lokacin, Marshal Malinovsky ya kai hari birnin daga arewa.

An ba da rukunin Hungarian da Jamusanci don kare babban birnin Hungarian. SS Obergruppenführer Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch ya ba da umarnin garrison Budapest. Babban rukunin Hungarian sune: I Corps (Rashin Armored na farko, Division 1th Infantry Division (gauraye), 10th Reserve Infantry Division da 12th Infantry Division), Bilnitzer Artillery Assault Battle Group (Motoci 20st Battalion, 1th, 6th and 8th assault artillery battalions) , Rukunin hussar ta daya (wasu raka'a) da bataliyoyin harin bindigu na 9, 1 da 1. Bindigogi sun tallafa wa masu tsaron baya, tare da kungiyoyin ‘yan sanda wadanda suka san garin sosai kuma suna da tankokin L7/10 a wurinsu. Rukunan Jamus na sansanin Budapest sun kasance da farko gawar tsaunukan IX SS. Akwai sojoji 3 da aka kewaye.

Babban rukunin masu sulke kawai na Hungary wanda har yanzu yana aiki shine Rukunin Panzer na biyu. Ta yi yaƙi a gaban yammacin Budapest, a cikin tsaunukan Vertes. Ba da jimawa ba zata matsa don ceto garin. Su ma sassan masu sulke na Jamus sun yi gaggawar kai agaji. Hitler ya yanke shawarar janye SS Panzer Corps na 2 daga yankin Warsaw kuma ya aika zuwa gaban Hungarian. Za a haɗa shi da SS Panzer Corps na 1945. Burinsu shine su kwance birnin da aka yiwa kawanya. A cikin Janairu XNUMX, SS Panzer Corps yayi ƙoƙari sau uku don kutsawa cikin babban birnin Hungary da ke yammacin Budapest.

Harin farko ya fara ne a daren ranar 2 ga watan Janairun 1945 a bangaren Dunalmas-Bancida. An tura SS Panzer Corps na 6 tare da goyon bayan Sojoji na 3 na Janar Hermann Balck, jimillar ƙungiyoyin panzer guda bakwai da ƙungiyoyin motoci guda biyu, gami da waɗanda aka zaɓa: 5th SS Panzer Division Totenkopf da SS Panzer Division na 2. Viking, da kuma 31st Hungarian Panzer Division, goyon bayan biyu bataliyoyin na manyan Tiger II tankuna. Kungiyar ta gigice cikin sauri ta kutsa ta gaba, inda dakarun 4th Guards Rifle Corps ke kare su, suka kuma shiga cikin kariyar rundunar tsaro ta 27 zuwa zurfin kilomita 31-210. An yi wani rikici. An bar wuraren kariyar tanki ba tare da tallafin sojoji ba kuma an kewaye su da wani yanki ko gaba ɗaya. Lokacin da Jamusawa suka isa yankin Tatabanya, an yi barazanar samun ci gaba a Budapest. Soviets sun jefa ƙarin rarrabuwa a cikin harin, an yi amfani da tankuna 1305, bindigogi 5 da turmi don tallafa musu. Godiya ga wannan, da maraice na Janairu XNUMX, an dakatar da harin Jamus.

Bayan da ya gaza a yankin na 31st Guards Rifle Corps, umurnin Jamus ya yanke shawarar shiga Budapest ta matsayi na 20th Guards Rifle Corps. Don wannan, sassan SS Panzer guda biyu da wani bangare na Hungarian 2nd Panzer Division sun mayar da hankali. A yammacin ranar 7 ga watan Janairu ne aka fara farmakin Jamus da Hungary. Duk da hasarar da aka yi wa sojojin Tarayyar Soviet musamman a cikin motoci masu sulke, duk wani yunkuri na toshe babban birnin kasar Hungary ya ci tura. Army Group "Balk" gudanar da sake kama kawai kauyen Szekesfehervar. A ranar 22 ga Janairu, ta isa Danube kuma ta kasance ƙasa da kilomita 30 daga Budapest.

Rukunin Sojoji "Kudu", wanda ya mamaye matsayi daga Disamba 1944, ya haɗa da: Sojojin Jamus na 8 a yankin arewacin Transdanubian; Rukunin Sojoji Balk (Sojoji na 6 na Jamus da Hungarian 2nd Corps) a arewacin tafkin Balaton; 2nd Panzer Army tare da goyon bayan 1945th Hungarian Corps a kudancin Transdanubian Territory. A cikin Rukunin Sojoji Balk, Sojojin LXXII na Jamus sun yi yaƙi da Sashen St. Laszlo da ragowar runduna ta 6 ta Armored. A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, sojojin SS Panzer na 15 sun tallafa wa waɗannan dakarun, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi uku na panzer. Battalion na Assault Gun Battalion a ƙarƙashin umarnin Major. József Henkey-Hing shi ne rukuni na ƙarshe na wannan nau'in a cikin sojojin Hungary. Ya shiga cikin Operation Spring Awakening tare da XNUMX Hetzer masu lalata tanki. A wani bangare na wannan aiki, sojojin sun kasance sun dawo da ikon rijiyoyin mai na Hungary.

A tsakiyar watan Maris na 1945, an yi galaba a kan harin na karshe na Jamus a tafkin Balaton. Sojojin Red Army suna kammala mamaye Hungary. Ƙarfinsa mafi girma ya shiga ta hanyar tsaron Hungary da Jamus a cikin tsaunukan Vertesz, ya tura sojojin SS Panzer na 6 na Jamus zuwa yamma. Da wahala sosai, an sami damar kwashe gadar Jamus-Hungary a Gran, wanda aka samu goyon bayan dakarun Sojoji na 3. A tsakiyar watan Maris ne Rukunin Sojoji na Kudu suka ci gaba da kai hare-hare: Sojoji na 8 sun mamaye arewacin Danube, sannan Rukunin Balk, wanda ya kunshi Sojoji na 6 da Sojoji na 6, suka dauki matsayi a kudu da shi a yankin zuwa tafkin. Balaton. Tank Army SS, da kuma ragowar sojojin Hungarian 3rd Army. Kudancin tafkin Balaton, rukunin runduna ta 2nd Panzer Army ne ke rike da mukamai. A ranar da sojojin Soviet suka fara kai farmaki a Vienna, manyan wuraren Jamus da Hungarian sun kasance a zurfin kilomita 5 zuwa 7.

A kan babban layin ci gaba na Red Army akwai raka'a na 23rd Hungarian Corps da 711th Jamus SS Panzer Corps, wanda ya hada da: 96th Hungarian Infantry Division, 1st da 6th Infantry Divisions, 3rd Hungarian Hussar Division , Panzer 5th. Division, 2nd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", 94th SS Panzer Division "Viking" da kuma 1231 Hungarian Panzer Division, kazalika da yawan kananan sojoji da kuma yaƙi kungiyoyin, sau da yawa bar kan daga baya halaka a cikin fama sassa. Wannan runduna ta kunshi runduna 270 na sojojin kasa da na bataliyoyin mota masu dauke da bindigogi XNUMX da kuma turmi. Har ila yau, Jamusawa da Hungary suna da tankuna XNUMX da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu.

A ranar 16 ga Maris, 1945, Red Army ya kai hari tare da sojojin 46th Army, 4th da 9th Guard Armies, wanda ya kamata su isa Danube kusa da birnin Esztergom da wuri-wuri. Wannan tsari na biyu na aiki tare da cikakken ma'aikata da kayan aiki an ƙirƙira shi ne don buge wasu sassa na 431st SS Panzer Corps a yankin tsakanin ƙauyukan Szekesfehervar - Chakberen. A cewar bayanan Tarayyar Soviet, gawarwakin na da bindigogi 2 da kuma na'urar motsa jiki. Ya yaƙi kungiyar ne kamar haka: a gefen hagu shi ne 5th Hungarian Panzer Division (4 sassa, 16 bindigogi batura da 3 Turan II tankuna), a tsakiyar - 5th SS Panzer Division "Tontenkopf", da kuma a hannun dama reshe. Sashen Panzer na 325. SS Panzer Division Viking. A matsayin ƙarfafawa, gawarwakin sun sami Brigade na Assault na 97 tare da bindigogi XNUMX da sauran rukunin tallafi da yawa.

Maris 16, 1945, 2nd da 3rd Ukrainian Fronts sun kai hari ga 6th SS Panzer Army da Balk Army Group, kama Szombathely a ranar 29 ga Maris, da Sopron a ranar 1 ga Afrilu. A daren ranar 21-22 ga watan Maris, harin da Tarayyar Soviet ta kai a yankin Danube, ta murkushe layukan tsaron Jamusawa da Hungarian a kan layin Balaton-Lake Velences, kusa da Esztergom. Ya zamana cewa Rundunar Panzer ta 2 ta Hungary ta yi hasarar mafi girma daga gobarar makaman guguwa. Dakarunsa sun kasa rike mukamansu, kuma runduna ta Red Army da ke ci gaba da samun nasarar kwace birnin Chakberen cikin sauki. Dakarun ajiyar Jamus sun garzaya don taimakawa, amma abin ya ci tura. Sun kasance ƙanƙanta don dakatar da harin Soviet ko da na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Wasu daga cikin sassansa ne kawai, tare da wahala mai yawa har ma da asarar mafi girma, sun tsira daga wahala. Kamar sauran sojojin Hungarian da Jamus, sun nufi yamma. A ranar 12 ga Afrilu, Rundunar Soja ta Balk ta isa kan iyakokin Austriya, inda nan da nan ta mamaye.