Taurin shuɗi

Glucose wani sinadarin sinadari ne da aka fi rarrabawa a duniyar halittu masu rai. An kiyasta cewa tsire-tsire suna samar da kusan tan biliyan 100 nasa a kowace shekara ta hanyar photosynthesis!

Kwayoyin glucose suma wani bangare ne na mahadi masu yawa, kamar sucrose, sitaci, cellulose. Glucose a cikin maganin ruwa yana cikin nau'in zobe (isomers guda biyu daban-daban a cikin tsari) tare da ƙaramin nau'in sarkar. Dukansu nau'ikan zobe suna canzawa ta hanyar nau'in sarkar - ana kiran wannan sabon abu mutarotation (daga lat. canja = canza).

A cikin yanayin ma'auni, abun ciki na duk nau'ikan kwayoyin glucose kamar haka (don bayyananniyar, ana barin atom ɗin carbon tare da adadin adadin adadin hydrogen a cikin mahaɗin haɗin gwiwa):

Ƙananan abun ciki na nau'in sarkar yana haifar da halayen halayen glucose (bayan cinyewa, an dawo da shi daga siffofin zobe), misali, gwajin Trommer da Tollens. Amma ba waɗannan ba ne kawai launuka masu launi da suka shafi wannan fili ba.

A gwaji za mu yi amfani da glucose, sodium hydroxide, NaOH, da kuma methylene blue rini (hoto 1), ana amfani dashi, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, azaman shiri don akwatin kifaye. Ƙara wasu maganin NaOH (hoto 2) na taro iri ɗaya da ɗigon rini kaɗan (hoto 3). Abinda ke cikin flask din ya zama shudi (hoto 4), amma da sauri ya bace (hoto 5 da 6). Bayan girgiza, maganin ya sake zama shuɗi (hoto 7 da 8), sa'an nan kuma sake canza launin bayan ɗan lokaci. Ana iya maimaita tsari sau da yawa.

Yana faruwa a lokacin gwaji oxidation na glucose zuwa gluconic acid (kungiyar aldehyde na nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau’in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in kifi) na aldehyde ya juya zuwa ƙungiyar carboxyl-COOH), mafi daidai, a cikin gishiri na sodium na wannan acid, wanda aka kafa a cikin matsakaicin matsakaici na alkaline. Glucose oxidation yana haifar da methylene blue, nau'in oxidized wanda aka yi amfani da shi daga rageccen tsari (leukoprinciples, gr. cutar sankarar bargo = fari), ya bambanta da launi:

Ana iya wakilta tsarin yanzu kamar haka:

glucose + oxidized rini ® gluconic acid + rage rini

Halin da ke sama yana da alhakin bacewar launin shuɗi na maganin. Bayan girgiza abin da ke cikin tulun, iskar oxygen mai narkewar ruwa a cikin iska yana haifar da raguwar nau'in rini, sakamakon haka launin shudi ya sake bayyana. Ana maimaita tsarin har sai glucose ya ƙare. Don haka, methylene blue yana aiki a matsayin mai kara kuzari don amsawa.

Kalli gwaninta a cikin bidiyon: