Babban tanki mai lalata Sturer Emil
Babban tanki mai lalata Sturer Emil12,8 cm PaK 40 L/61 Henschel SPG akan VK-3001 (Н)
Duk da haka, ba a manta da wannan gwajin makami mai sarrafa kansa daga yakin duniya na biyu ba. Lokacin da Operation Barbarossa (kai hari kan USSR) ya fara a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1941, har yanzu sojojin Jamus da ba za a iya cin nasara ba sun gana da Soviet T-34 da tankunan KV. Idan Rasha T-34 matsakaici tankuna na yakin duniya na biyu har yanzu gudanar da yaki a cikin rabin tare da baƙin ciki, kawai Luftwaffe Flak-18 88mm iya tsayayya da Soviet KV nauyi tankuna. Bukatar gaggawa ita ce makamin da zai iya tsayayya da matsakaicin Soviet da manyan tankuna. Sun tuna da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu 105-mm da 128mm. A tsakiyar 1941, an ba Henshel und Sonh da Rheinmetall AG odar samar da wani karusa mai sarrafa kansa (Selbsfarhlaftette) na 105-mm da 128-mm anti-tanki bindigogi. An daidaita Pz.Kpfw.IV ausf.D chassis da sauri don bindigar mm 105, kuma an haifi bindigar Dicker Max mai girman 105 mm. Amma ga bindigar 128-mm K-44, wanda nauyinsa ya kai 7 (bakwai!) Tons, Pz.Kpfw.IV chassis bai dace ba - kawai ba zai iya jure nauyinsa ba. Dole ne in yi amfani da chassis na tankin gwaji na Henschel VK-3001 (H) - tanki wanda zai iya zama babban tanki na Reich, idan ba don Pz.Kpfw.IV ba. Amma ko da tare da wannan chassis akwai matsala - nauyin nauyin jikin zai iya tsayayya da bindigar 128-mm, amma sai babu dakin ga ma'aikatan. Don yin wannan, 2 daga cikin 6 da ke akwai chassis sun tsawaita da kusan sau biyu, adadin ƙafafun titin ya karu da rollers 4, bindiga mai sarrafa kansa ta sami buɗaɗɗen gida tare da makamai na gaba na 45 mm.
Gwaji mai nauyi mai lalata tankin Jamus "Sturer Emil" Daga baya, a gaba, an sanya mata sunan "Sturer Emil" (Stubborn Emil) don yawan lalacewa. Tare da bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu na 2 Dicker Max, an aika samfur guda ɗaya zuwa Gabas ta Gabas a matsayin wani ɓangare na 521 Pz.Jag.Abt (bataliyar halakar tanki mai sarrafa kanta), dauke da bindigogin Panzerjaeger 1 masu sarrafa kanta.
Mai lalata tankin Jamus "Sturer Emil" hangen nesa Babban makamin shi ne bindigar PaK 128 L/40 mai tsawon mm 61, wadda aka kera a shekarar 1939 bisa tushen bindigar kakkabo jirgin FlaK 128 mm 40. USSR a tsakiyar 1941.
Hotunan da aka ɗauka a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu SAU "Stuerer Emil" Samfuran sun nuna sakamako mai kyau, amma an rufe aikin, kamar yadda ake ɗaukar samar da tankin Tiger a matsayin fifiko. Duk da haka, duk da haka, sun ƙirƙiri raka'a biyu na bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu akan chassis na samfurin Henschel VK-3001 mai nauyi (wanda aka dakatar da shi bayan haɓakar tankin Tiger) kuma yana ɗauke da bindiga Rheinmetall 12,8 cm KL / 61 (12,8 cm) Fitowa 40). Bindiga mai sarrafa kansa zai iya juya 7 ° a kowace hanya, kusurwoyi masu niyya a cikin jirgin saman tsaye sun kasance daga -15 ° zuwa + 10 °.
Harsashin bindigar harsashi 18 ne. Chassis ya kasance daga na'urar VK-3001 da aka soke, amma an tsawaita kwandon kuma an ƙara ƙarin dabaran don ɗaukar babbar bindigar, wadda aka sanya a kan madauri a gaban injin.
Babban ra'ayi na babban jirgin ruwan Jamus "Sturer Emil" An gina wani katon gida, mai saman budadden waje, maimakon hasumiya. Wannan babbar bindiga mai sarrafa kanta, dauke da bindigogin kakkabo jiragen sama na mm 128, ta ci jarrabawar soji a shekara ta 1942. An yi amfani da na'urori biyu masu nauyi da kai na Jamus na yakin duniya na biyu (tare da sunayen sirri "Max" da "Moritz") a Gabashin Gabas a matsayin masu lalata manyan tankunan Soviet KV-1 da KV-2.
Hotunan harbin bindiga mai sarrafa kansa na Jamus "Stubborn Emil" Ɗayan samfurin (daga XNUMXnd Panzer Division) an lalata shi a aikace, kuma na biyu kuma dakarun Red Army ne suka kama shi a cikin hunturu na 1943 kuma yana cikin makaman da aka kama da aka nuna a bainar jama'a a 1943 da 1944.
Babban jirgin ruwa na Jamus "Sturer Emil" Dangane da halayensa, motar ta juya ta zama mai ban sha'awa - a gefe guda, bindigar ta 128-mm zai iya huda ta kowane tanki na Soviet (a cikin duka, a lokacin hidimar, ma'aikatan bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu sun lalata tankunan Soviet 31 bisa ga doka). zuwa wasu majiyoyi 22), a daya bangaren kuma, chassis din ya cika da yawa, matsala ce mai girman gaske ta gyara injin, tunda kai tsaye a karkashin bindigar take, motar tana a hankali sosai, bindigar tana da karancin juyi, lodin harsashi harsashi 18 kawai.
Hoton daftarin aiki na babban mai lalata tankin Jamus "Sturer Emil" Don dalilai masu ma'ana, motar ba ta shiga cikin jerin ba. Saboda tsananin gyare-gyaren ne aka yi watsi da motar a lokacin sanyi na 1942-43 a lokacin yaƙin neman zaɓe a kusa da Stalingrad, wannan bindigar mai sarrafa kanta ta samo asali ne daga sojojin Tarayyar Soviet kuma yanzu haka tana nunawa a Cibiyar Bincike ta Kubinka ta BTT.
Hotunan harbi na manyan tankunan Jamus "Sturer Emil"
Sources:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tarihin wannan iko mai sarrafa kansa na Jamus Panzerwaffe ya fara a cikin 1941, mafi daidai a ranar 25 ga Mayu, 1941, lokacin da aka yanke shawarar ginawa a birnin Berghoff, a matsayin gwaji, 105-mm guda biyu kuma bindigogi masu sarrafa kansu 128mm don yakar "manyan tankunan Burtaniya" , wanda Jamusawa suka shirya haduwa a lokacin Operation Seelowe - a lokacin da aka shirya saukowa a tsibirin Burtaniya. Amma, an yi watsi da waɗannan tsare-tsare na mamayewar albion, kuma an rufe aikin na ɗan lokaci.
