Yana da wuya tare da nauyi, amma har ma mafi muni ba tare da shi ba
An gani fiye da sau ɗaya a cikin fina-finai, "kunna" nauyi a kan jirgin sama da ke tafiya a sararin samaniya yana da kyau sosai. Sai dai wadanda suka yi su kusan ba su taba bayyana yadda aka yi ba. Wani lokaci, kamar a cikin 2001: A Space Odyssey (1) ko sabbin Fasinjoji, ana nuna cewa dole ne a juya jirgin don daidaita nauyi.
Mutum na iya tambaya da ɗan tsokana - me yasa ake buƙatar nauyi a cikin jirgin kwata-kwata? Bayan haka, yana da sauƙi ba tare da nauyi na gaba ɗaya ba, mutane suna raguwa, abubuwan ɗaukar nauyi ba su da nauyi, kuma yawancin ayyuka suna buƙatar ƙarancin ƙoƙari na jiki.
Ya bayyana, duk da haka, cewa wannan ƙoƙarin, wanda ke hade da ci gaba da ci gaba da nauyi, yana da matukar muhimmanci a gare mu da jikinmu. Babu nauyiAn dade an tabbatar da cewa 'yan sama jannati sun fuskanci asarar kashi da tsoka. 'Yan sama jannati a kan motsa jiki na ISS, suna fama da raunin tsoka da asarar kashi, amma har yanzu suna rasa yawan kashi a sararin samaniya. Suna buƙatar samun motsa jiki na sa'o'i biyu zuwa uku a rana don kula da ƙwayar tsoka da lafiyar zuciya. Bugu da ƙari, ba kawai waɗannan abubuwa ba, kai tsaye da ke da alaƙa da nauyin jiki, suna shafar rashin nauyi. Akwai matsaloli tare da kiyaye daidaito, jiki ya bushe. Kuma wannan shine farkon matsalolin.
Sai ya zama shi ma yana samun rauni. Wasu ƙwayoyin rigakafi ba za su iya yin aikinsu ba kuma ƙwayoyin jajayen jini suna mutuwa. Yana haifar da tsakuwar koda da raunana zuciya. Ƙungiyar masana kimiyya daga Rasha da Kanada sun yi nazarin sakamakon da aka samu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan microgravity a kan abun da ke ciki na sunadaran a cikin jini samfurori na Rasha cosmonauts goma sha takwas da suka rayu a kan International Space Station na rabin shekara. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa a cikin rashin nauyi tsarin rigakafi yana aiki kamar yadda lokacin da jiki ya kamu da cutar, saboda jikin mutum bai san abin da zai yi ba kuma yana ƙoƙari ya kunna duk tsarin tsaro.
Dama a cikin karfin centrifugal
Don haka mun riga mun san hakan sosai babu nauyi ba shi da kyau, har ma da haɗari ga lafiya. Yanzu kuma me? Ba wai masu yin fim kawai ba, har ma masu bincike suna ganin dama a ciki centrifugal karfi. Don kyautatawa inertia sojojin, yana kwaikwayi aikin nauyi, yana aiki yadda ya kamata a wata hanya da ke gaba da tsakiyar maƙasudin inertial.
An yi bincike game da cancanta shekaru da yawa. A Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts, alal misali, tsohon ɗan sama jannati Lawrence Young ya gwada wani centrifuge, wanda ya ɗan tuno da hangen nesa daga fim ɗin 2001: A Space Odyssey. Mutane suna kwance a gefen su akan dandamali, suna tura tsarin da ba shi da aiki wanda ke juyawa.
Tun da mun san cewa centrifugal karfi na iya aƙalla maye gurbin nauyi, me ya sa ba mu gina jiragen ruwa wannan juzu'in? To, ya bayyana cewa ba komai ba ne mai sauƙi, domin, da farko, irin waɗannan jiragen dole ne su kasance da yawa fiye da waɗanda muke ginawa, kuma kowane ƙarin kilogiram na taro da aka ɗauka a cikin sararin samaniya yana da yawa.
Yi la'akari, alal misali, Tashar Sararin Samaniya ta Duniya a matsayin ma'auni don kwatantawa da kimantawa. Yana da girman girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, amma wuraren zama kaɗan ne kawai na girmansa.
Kwaikwayi nauyi A wannan yanayin, ana iya kusanci ƙarfin centrifugal ta hanyoyi biyu. Ko kowane kashi zai juya daban, wanda zai haifar da ƙananan tsarin, amma kuma, kamar yadda masana suka lura, wannan na iya zama saboda ba ko da yaushe dadi ra'ayi ga 'yan saman jannati, wanda zai iya, misali, ji wani nauyi daban a kafafun ka fiye da na jikinka na sama. A cikin sigar da ta fi girma, ISS gabaɗayan zai juya, wanda, ba shakka, dole ne a daidaita shi daban, maimakon zobe (2). A halin yanzu, gina irin wannan tsari yana nufin babban farashi kuma yana da alama ba daidai ba ne.
2. Hangen zobe na orbital yana samar da ƙarfin wucin gadi
Duk da haka, akwai wasu ra'ayoyin kuma. alal misali, ƙungiyar masana kimiyya a Jami'ar Colorado a Boulder suna aiki akan mafita tare da ɗan ƙaramin buri. Maimakon auna "sake yin nauyi," masana kimiyya sun mayar da hankali kan magance matsalolin lafiya da ke tattare da rashin nauyi a sararin samaniya.
Kamar yadda masu binciken Boulder suka dauka, 'yan sama jannati na iya yin rarrafe cikin dakuna na musamman na tsawon sa'o'i da yawa a rana don samun kashi na yau da kullun na nauyi, wanda yakamata ya magance matsalolin lafiya. Ana sanya batutuwan akan wani dandali na ƙarfe irin na trolley na asibiti (3). Ana kiran wannan centrifuge wanda ke jujjuyawa cikin saurin da bai dace ba. Gudun angular da centrifuge ya haifar yana tura ƙafafuwan mutum zuwa gindin dandalin, kamar dai suna tsaye a ƙarƙashin nauyin nasu.
3. Na'urar da aka gwada a Jami'ar Boulder.
Abin takaici, irin wannan motsa jiki ba makawa yana da alaƙa da tashin zuciya. Masu binciken sun tashi don gano ko tashin zuciya da gaske shine alamar farashi mai alaƙa da ita. wucin gadi nauyi. Shin 'yan sama jannati za su iya horar da jikinsu don su kasance cikin shiri don ƙarin sojojin G? A karshen zama na goma na masu aikin sa kai, dukkan batutuwa sun kasance suna jujjuyawa a matsakaicin saurin juyin juya hali goma sha bakwai a cikin minti daya ba tare da wani sakamako mara dadi ba, tashin zuciya, da sauransu. Wannan babbar nasara ce.
Akwai madadin ra'ayoyin don nauyi akan jirgi. Wadannan sun hada da, misali, Canadian Type System Design (LBNP), wanda da kansa ke haifar da ballast a kusa da kugu, yana haifar da jin nauyi a cikin ƙananan jiki. Amma shin ya isa mutum ya guje wa illar da jirgin sama ke haifarwa, wanda ba shi da dadi ga lafiya? Abin takaici, wannan ba daidai ba ne.
