Sabbin na'urori na kasar Sin guda uku
Sabbin na'urori na kasar Sin guda uku
A ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2015 da karfe 23:01:14,331:20 UTC (a kasar Sin ya riga ya kasance 07 ga Satumba, 01:14:6), an harba motar harba Chang Zheng daga sabuwar harba rukunin harba sararin samaniya na goma sha shida na Taiyuan Space. Cibiyar. (Lardin Shanxi) 1 mai lambar serial Y05. Ƙaddamarwar tana da lambar ciki "aiki 48-529. Minti 552 bayan tashin jirgin, matakin karshe na roka yana kewaya duniya. Ya kasance daidai da motsi na Rana kuma yana da sigogi masu zuwa: perigee - 97,46 km, apogee - 915 km, karkata - 989. Tsakanin XNUMX da XNUMX seconds na jirgin, an cire tauraron tauraron dan adam goma daga adaftan da aka shigar a mataki na uku. Hudu daga cikinsu, cikin ‘yan kwanaki masu zuwa, sun fara sakin wasu taurarin dan adam daga hanjinsu, wadanda ba a san adadinsu ba, daga shida zuwa goma. Daga ina wannan rashin tabbas ya fito?
To, har yanzu Sinawa ba su fitar da jerin sunayen tauraron dan adam da aka harba a hukumance ba, kuma an samu bayanan daga wurare daban-daban. Wadannan sun hada da kamfanoni ko jami'o'in da suka kera tauraron dan adam (takwas da goma sha biyu, bi da bi), ma'auni daga American Object-in-Orbit Observation Network (NORAD), da kuma bayanan da aka rubuta na gidajen rediyo masu son da aka sanya a kusan rabin, watau. akan maki tara maɗaukaki. na sha'awa. Yawancin majiyoyi sun yarda cewa an kwashe jimillar kaya ashirin (biyu daga cikinsu, a fili, don manufarsu, har yanzu ba su rabu da sauran ba), na gwaji da fasaha. Girman su ya kasance daga 0,1 kg zuwa 130 kg, don haka ana iya rarraba su bisa ga sharadi kamar pico-, nano-, micro- da mini- tauraron dan adam. Ƙananan girman tsohon ya kasance kuma ya kasance mafi girman wahala a gano su da gano su. Jerin kaya mara izini ya haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:
1. Xinyang-2 (XY-2, Kaituo-2)
2. Žeda Pixing 2A
3. Zeda Pixing 2B
4. Tiantuo-3 (TT-3, Luliang-1)
5. XW-2A
6. XW-2B
7. XW-2C
8. XW-2Д
9. XW-2E, an cire haɗin daga 5.
10. XW-2F, an cire haɗin daga 5.
11. DCBB (Kaituo-1B), an katse daga 1.
12. LilacSat-2
13. NUDT-PhoneSat, an cire haɗin daga 4.
14. Nasin-2 (NS-2)
15. Zijing-1 (ZJ-1), rabu da 14.
16. Kongjian Shiyan 1 (KJSY-1), ware daga 14th.
17. Xingchen-1, ware daga 4.
18. Xingchen-2, ware daga 4.
19. Xingchen-3, ware daga 4.
20. Xingchen-4, ware daga 4.
Lokaci ya yi da za a gabatar da sabon roka a sararin samaniya daga China. Motar kirar Chang Zheng-6 (Dogon Maris) mai nauyi mai nauyi mai nauyi tana amfani da sunan jinsin dangin roka na kasar Sin, wanda ya yi daidai da al'adar shekaru 45, amma tana cikin sabbin tsararraki. Kamfanonin jiragen sama guda uku - CZ-5, CZ-6 da CZ-7, wadanda za su fara a shekara mai zuwa, za su zama tushen shirin sararin samaniyar wannan kasa mai karfin gaske ta Asiya.
Waɗannan makamai masu linzamin za su kasance na:
□ aji mai nauyi (ɗaukakin iyawa a cikin LEO, kusa-Duniya orbit 18-25 tons, a cikin GTO, canzawa zuwa geostationary orbit 6-14 ton, dangane da sigar);
□ aji haske (ikon 1500 kg a LEO, a cikin SSO, 1080 kg tare da motsi na Rana);
□ aji na tsakiya (ɗaukar ƙarfin LEO 18-25 t, don GTO 1,5-6 t dangane da gyare-gyare).
Wadannan kayayyaki za su bambanta da gaske daga layin da suka gabata na makamai masu linzami daga CZ-1 zuwa CZ-4. Bambanci na farko na farko zai zama tsarin su ba kawai a cikin layi ba, amma a cikin dukan iyali. Wannan zai ba da damar daidaita ƙarfin ɗaukar roka ɗin bisa la’akari da buƙatun, ta yin amfani da matakai daban-daban guda goma ko biyu da kuma kusan adadin injuna iri ɗaya, sai dai na’urori masu haɗaka guda biyar kawai sanye da nau’ikan injin guda uku kawai. Wani ci gaba zai zama maye gurbin man fetur / oxidizer na yanzu (nitrogen tetroxide da asymmetric dimethylhydrazine), wanda aka dade ana adana shi amma yana da guba sosai, tare da nau'i-nau'i biyu na kerosene / ruwa oxygen nau'i-nau'i, ko kuma wani nau'i na cryogenic ruwa hydrogen / ruwa oxygen biyu.
Bukatar roka mai haske ya taso ne sakamakon ci gaban fasaha a fannin na'urorin lantarki. A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, da dama daga nesa hankali ko bincike tauraron dan adam (bambanta da juna yafi kawai a cikin karshen mai amfani, amma ba a cikin zane ko taro) an harba a cikin heliosynchronous orbits ta amfani da CZ-2 da CZ-4 roka, tare da biya. iya aiki 1,5 rev.
A halin yanzu, tauraron dan adam na wannan nau'in yana da nauyin da bai wuce 500 kg ba, kuma a lokaci guda suna da halaye mafi kyau dangane da ƙudurin hoto. Hasashen ya nuna cewa, rabon tauraron dan adam masu haske a kasuwar wayar da kai ta kasa da kasa, zai ci gaba da bunkasa, wanda ya sanya makamai masu linzami na kasar Sin da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu ba su da fa'ida a fannin tattalin arziki.
