Masu hakar ma'adinan BYMS a cikin Rundunar Ma'adinai ta Poland

Masu hakar ma'adinai na Poland BYMS sun haɗa - Foka, Delfin da Mors a tashar jiragen ruwa na Oksivi. Hoto na Janusz Uklejewski / Marek Twardowski tarin

Yaƙin Duniya na biyu ya tabbatar da cewa makaman na da ake amfani da su wajen kai hari da na tsaro, hanya ce mai ban tsoro, inganci da tattalin arziki na faɗa a teku. Kididdigar da aka bayar a tarihin yakin ruwa ya nuna cewa idan aka yi amfani da nakiyoyi 2600 a yakin Crimea, da kuma 6500 a yakin Rasha da Japan, to an shigar da kimanin dubu 310 a yakin duniya na farko, kuma fiye da dubu 000 a duniya na biyu. Yaki . Sojojin ruwa a duniya sun fahimci karuwar sha'awar wannan hanyar yaki mai arha da inganci. Sun kuma fahimci hadarin da ke tattare da hakan.

tawaye

Maris 4, 1941 a Henry B. Nevins, Inc. An kwantar da mahakar ma'adinan Navy Yard Class a karon farko a City Island, New York. Ofishin kera jirgin ne ya kera jirgin kuma ya sami lambar lamba YaMS-1. An ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 1942, kuma an kammala aikin bayan watanni 2 - a ranar 25 ga Maris, 1942. An gina jiragen ruwa da itace don hanzarta samar da kayayyaki. Masu hakar ma'adinan katako na irin wannan suna aiki a cikin ruwa da yawa a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. An gina jimillar jiragen ruwa 561 a wuraren ajiyar jiragen ruwa na Amurka. Asalin sunan "Motor Minesweeper", kalmar "Yard" tana nufin "Base Naval" ko "Tsarin Jirgin Ruwa". Ya kamata jiragen ruwa irin wannan su yi aiki a cikin ruwan da ke daura da sansanonin su. An gina su ne a wuraren saukar jiragen ruwa guda 35, a bangaren jirgin ruwan zaki, 12 a gabar tekun gabas, 19 a gabar yamma da kuma 4 a yankin Great Lakes.

Sojojin ruwa na Amurka sun yi amfani da jiragen ruwa na farko na aikin YMS don share ma'adinan da jiragen ruwa na karkashin ruwa suka shimfida a cikin 1942 kan hanyoyin zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na Jacksonville (Florida) da Charleston (South Carolina). Jiragen ruwa na YMS sun yi asara mafi girma a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 1945, lokacin da 7 daga cikinsu guguwa ta nutse a Okinawa.

Ajin YMS ya tabbatar da kansa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi ɗorewa kuma iri-iri na nau'ikan ayyukan ma'adinai a cikin Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka, suna yin aikin haƙar ma'adinai da ayyuka daban-daban a cikin jiragen ruwa na ƙasashe da yawa na duniya tsawon kwata na karni. Duk jiragen ruwa 481 na wannan nau'in suna da halaye iri ɗaya. Babban canji kawai shine a cikin bayyanar. YMS-1-134 yana da bututun hayaƙi guda biyu, YMS-135-445 da 480 da 481 suna da bututun hayaƙi ɗaya, kuma YMS-446-479 ba su da bututun hayaƙi. Da farko, an yi amfani da raka'a waɗanda aka kiyasta a matsayin asali, watau. domin shirin nawa na sauka.

A cikin 1947, an sake rarraba jiragen ruwa na YMS zuwa AMS (Motor Minesweeper), sannan a 1955 aka sake musu suna MSC (O), an canza su a 1967 zuwa MSCO (Ocean Minesweeper). Wadannan sassan sun gudanar da aikin kare nakiyoyi a Koriya a matsayin wani muhimmin bangare na rundunar da ke aikin hakar ma'adinan. Har zuwa 1960, an horar da sojojin ruwa na ruwa akan waɗannan jiragen ruwa. An cire karshen daga cikin jerin jiragen ruwa a watan Nuwamba 1969. USS Ruff (MSCO 54), asali YMS-327.

Birtaniya YMS

Sojojin ruwa na Amurka sun ba da umarnin jigilar jiragen ruwa na aji 1 na YMS zuwa Burtaniya karkashin shirin Lend-Lease. A cikin jerin jiragen ruwa na Navy na Amurka, an sanya su "British Motor Minesweeper" (BYMS) kuma an ƙidaya su 80 zuwa 1. Lokacin da aka canza su zuwa Birtaniya BYMS-80 ta hanyar BYMS-2001, an ba su lambobi BYMS-2080 ta hanyar BYMS-XNUMX . Halayensu na gaba ɗaya sun kasance iri ɗaya da na takwarorinsu na Amurka.