Nau'in fuse
Abubuwa
- Nau'in fuse
- DC fuse
- AC fuse
- Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin wuta
- Wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin lantarki
- harsashi fuse
- Nau'in D Cartridge Fuse
- Nau'in haɗin gwiwa / HRC Cartridge Fuse
- Fis mai maye gurbin
- Mai bugun fuse
- Canja fuse
- Fuskar turawa
- Kashe fuse
- Thermal fiusi
- Fis mai sake saitawa
- semiconductor fuse
- Surge suppression fuse
- Fuskar Na'urar Dutsen Surface
- Bidiyon Jagora
- Yadda ake Kididdige ƙimar Fuse
- Fahimtar baka na lantarki
- Tambayoyi akai-akai
Yawanci, fuses sune abubuwan da ke kare na'urorin lantarki daga hawan wuta da gajerun kewayawa. Duk da haka, fis ɗin da ake amfani da shi don kare babban wutar lantarki ba za a iya amfani da shi ba don ƙananan na'ura kamar kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka.
Fuskokin lantarki suna zuwa da siffofi da girma dabam-dabam, suna aiki ta amfani da abubuwa daban-daban, kuma suna da aikace-aikace daban-daban a kewayen su.
A cikin jagorar mu, muna gabatar da kowane nau'in fuses da aka yi amfani da su a cikin tsarin lantarki, muna rarraba su ta manyan rukunoni zuwa sassa da ƙarin takamaiman zaɓuɓɓuka.
Mu fara.
Nau'in fuse
Akwai nau'ikan fis ɗin lantarki sama da 15, waɗanda suka bambanta a cikin ƙa'idodin aiki, ƙira da aikace-aikacen. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- DC fuse
- AC fuse
- Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin wuta
- Wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin lantarki
- harsashi fuse
- D-Type Cartridge Fuse
- Fuskar nau'in harsashi
- Fis mai maye gurbin
- Mai bugun fuse
- Canja fuse
- Fuskar turawa
- Sauke-ƙasa fiusi
- Thermal fiusi
- Fis mai sake saitawa
- semiconductor fuse
- Fuskar kashe wutar lantarki
- Fuskar Na'urar Dutsen Surface
Duk waɗannan za a bayyana su dalla-dalla dalla-dalla don cikakken fahimtar ku.
DC fuse
A taƙaice, fuses DC nau'in fiusi ne na lantarki da ake amfani da su a cikin da'irori na DC. Duk da yake wannan shine babban abin da ya bambanta su da fuses na yanzu (AC), akwai wani fasalin da ya kamata a ambata.
Fuskokin DC yawanci suna girma fiye da fuses AC don guje wa ci gaba mai dorewa.
Idan fis na DC ya wuce na yanzu ko gajeriyar kewayawa kuma tsiri na ƙarfe ya narke, da'irar za ta buɗe.
Duk da haka, saboda halin yanzu na DC da ƙarfin lantarki a cikin kewayawa daga tushen DC, ƙananan rata tsakanin iyakar biyu na fused tsiri yana haifar da yiwuwar tartsatsi na dindindin.
Wannan ya kayar da manufar fuse yayin da wutar lantarki ke gudana ta hanyar kewayawa. Don hana walƙiya, fuse DC yana ƙara girma, wanda ke ƙara tazara tsakanin ƙarshen narke biyu na tsiri.
AC fuse
A gefe guda kuma, fuses AC fis ɗin lantarki ne waɗanda ke aiki tare da da'irori na AC. Ba sa buƙatar sake yin su saboda ƙarancin wutar lantarki mai canzawa.
Ana amfani da madaidaicin halin yanzu a ƙarfin lantarki wanda ke canzawa daga matsakaicin matakin zuwa mafi ƙarancin matakin (0V), yawanci sau 50 zuwa 60 a cikin minti ɗaya. Wannan yana nufin cewa lokacin da tsiri ya narke, baka yana kashewa cikin sauƙi lokacin da wannan ƙarfin lantarki ya ragu zuwa sifili.
Fis ɗin lantarki bai kamata ya fi girma ba, saboda canjin yanayin yanzu yana daina samar da kansa.
Yanzu, AC fuses da DC fuses sune manyan nau'ikan fis ɗin lantarki guda biyu. Sai mu raba su gida biyu; ƙananan fis ɗin wutar lantarki da manyan fis ɗin lantarki.
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin wuta
Wannan nau'in fuse na lantarki yana aiki akan da'ira tare da ƙimar ƙarfin da bai wuce ko daidai da 1,500 V. Waɗannan fis ɗin lantarki ana amfani da su a cikin ƙananan wutar lantarki kuma suna zuwa da siffofi, ƙira da girma dabam dabam.
Hakanan ba su da tsada fiye da takwarorinsu masu ƙarfin lantarki kuma suna da sauƙin maye gurbinsu.
Wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin lantarki
Manyan fis ɗin wutar lantarki fis ɗin lantarki ne da ake amfani da su tare da ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki sama da 1,500V kuma har zuwa 115,000V.
Ana amfani da su a cikin manyan tsarin wutar lantarki da da'irori, suna da girma dabam dabam kuma suna amfani da matakan da suka fi dacewa don kashe baka na lantarki, musamman idan ya zo da kewayen DC.
Sa'an nan kuma, manyan fis ɗin lantarki da ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki sun kasu kashi daban-daban, galibi an ƙaddara su ta hanyar ƙirar su.
harsashi fuse
Fuus din harsashi nau'in fius ne na lantarki wanda tsiri da abubuwa masu kashe baka ke rufe gaba daya a cikin yumbu ko madaidaicin gilashin.
Yawanci fis ɗin lantarki na silindari ne tare da iyakoki na ƙarfe (wanda ake kira lugs) ko ruwan wukake na ƙarfe a ƙarshen duka waɗanda ke zama wuraren tuntuɓar don haɗi zuwa kewaye. Fuus ko tsiri a ciki yana haɗawa da waɗannan kusurwoyi biyu na fuse don kammala kewaye.
Za ka ga harsashi fuses tare da aikace-aikace a cikin kayan aiki da'irori kamar firiji, ruwa famfo da kwandishan, da sauransu.
Duk da yake sun fi kasancewa a cikin ƙananan tsarin wutar lantarki wanda aka ƙididdigewa har zuwa 600A da 600V, kuna iya ganin amfani da su a cikin mahalli mai ƙarfi. Duk da wannan da ƙari na wasu kayan don iyakance walƙiya, gaba ɗaya ƙirar su ta kasance iri ɗaya.
Za a iya raba fuses na cartridge zuwa ƙarin nau'i biyu; Nau'in fuses na lantarki na D da fuses nau'in haɗin gwiwa.
Nau'in D Cartridge Fuse
Fus-fus na nau'in D sune manyan nau'ikan fis ɗin harsashi waɗanda ke da tushe, zoben adaftar, harsashi da hular fuse.
An haɗa tushen fuse zuwa murfin fuse kuma an haɗa ɗigon ƙarfe ko waya mai tsalle zuwa wannan tushen fis don kammala kewaye. Nau'in D fuses nan da nan ya dakatar da samar da wutar lantarki lokacin da aka wuce abin da ke cikin kewaye.
Nau'in haɗin gwiwa / HRC Cartridge Fuse
Hanyoyin haɗi ko babban ƙarfin karyewa (HRC) suna amfani da hanyoyin haɗin fuse guda biyu don tsarin jinkirin lokaci a cikin kariyar wuce gona da iri. Hakanan ana kiran wannan nau'in fiusi mai ƙarfi (HBC) fuse.
Ana sanya hanyoyin haɗin kai ko sanduna guda biyu a layi daya, ɗaya tare da ƙarancin juriya kuma ɗayan tare da babban juriya.
Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wuce haddi na halin yanzu zuwa da'irar, ƙananan juriya fusible mahada narke nan da nan, yayin da babban juriya fuse yana riƙe da wuce haddi na wani ɗan gajeren lokaci. Bayan haka zai ƙare idan ba a rage wutar lantarki zuwa matakin da aka yarda ba a cikin wannan ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Idan, a maimakon haka, ƙwaƙƙwaran da aka ƙididdige halin yanzu yana haifar da kai tsaye lokacin da wuce gona da iri ya faru a cikin da'irar, babban haɗin fuse-juriya zai narke nan take.
Waɗannan nau'ikan fis ɗin lantarki na HRC kuma suna amfani da abubuwa kamar su foda na quartz ko ruwa mara amfani don iyakance ko kashe baka na lantarki. A wannan yanayin, ana kiran su HRC Liquid fuses kuma suna da yawa a cikin manyan nau'ikan wutar lantarki.
Akwai wasu nau'ikan fis ɗin wutar lantarki na HRC, irin su fuses-on fuses, waɗanda ke da tashoshi mai tsawo tare da ramuka, da fis ɗin ruwa, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai a cikin mahalli na motoci kuma suna da tashoshi maimakon hula.
Fuskokin ruwa yawanci suna da akwati na filastik kuma ana iya cire su cikin sauƙi daga da'irar a yayin da aka sami matsala.
Fis mai maye gurbin
Ana kuma kiran fis ɗin da za a iya maye gurbinsu da fis ɗin lantarki mai rufewa. Sun ƙunshi sassa biyu da aka yi da alin; mariƙin fiusi mai hannu da gindin fuse wanda aka shigar da wannan mariƙin fiusi a ciki.
Ƙirƙirar fis ɗin da za a iya cirewa, waɗanda aka saba amfani da su a cikin wurin zama da sauran ƙananan mahalli na yanzu, yana sa su sauƙin riƙewa ba tare da haɗarin girgiza wutar lantarki ba. Mai riƙe da fiusi yawanci yana da tashoshi na ruwa da mahaɗin fis.
Lokacin da mahaɗin fusible ya narke, ana iya buɗe mai riƙe da fiusi cikin sauƙi don maye gurbinsa. Hakanan za'a iya maye gurbin duka mariƙin cikin sauƙi ba tare da wahala ba.
Mai bugun fuse
Fus ɗin yana amfani da tsarin injina don kariya daga wuce gona da iri ko gajeriyar kewayawa, da kuma nuna cewa fis ɗin lantarki ya hura.
Wannan fuze yana aiki ko dai tare da tuhume-tuhume masu fashewa ko tare da magudanar ruwa da sandar da ke fitarwa lokacin da hanyar haɗin ke narke.
Fin da bazara suna layi ɗaya da mahaɗin fusible. Lokacin da hanyar haɗin yanar gizon ta narke, ana kunna tsarin saukewa, yana sa fil ɗin ya tashi.
Canja fuse
Canja fuses nau'in fius ne na wutar lantarki wanda za'a iya sarrafa shi ta waje ta amfani da hannun mai sauyawa.
A cikin aikace-aikacen gama gari a cikin mahalli masu ƙarfi, kuna sarrafa ko fis ɗin sun wuce wuta ko a'a ta hanyar jujjuyawa zuwa wurin kunnawa ko kashewa.
Fuskar turawa
Fuskokin turawa suna amfani da iskar boron don iyakance aikin harba. Ana amfani da su a cikin matsanancin yanayin wutar lantarki, musamman a cikin masu canzawa 10 kV.
Lokacin da fis ɗin ya narke, iskar boron yana kashe baka kuma ana fitar da shi ta cikin rami a cikin bututu.
Kashe fuse
Fis-fis nau'i ne na fis ɗin cirewa inda aka raba mahaɗin fis ɗin daga jikin fuse. Waɗannan fis ɗin sun ƙunshi manyan sassa biyu; yanke gidaje da mariƙin fiusi.
Mai riƙe da fis ɗin yana gina hanyar haɗin kai, kuma jikin da aka yanke shi ne firam ɗin ain da ke goyan bayan mariƙin fiusi ta hanyar haɗin sama da ƙasa.
Ana kuma riƙe mariƙin fis ɗin a wani kusurwa zuwa jikin da aka yanke kuma ana yin wannan saboda dalili.
Lokacin da mahaɗin fis ɗin ya narke saboda wuce gona da iri ko gajeriyar kewayawa, ana katse mai riƙe da fiusi daga jikin abin da aka yanke a saman lamba. Wannan yana haifar da faɗuwa ƙarƙashin nauyi, don haka sunan "drop fuse".
Rikicin fis ɗin da ke fadowa shima alama ce ta gani cewa fis ɗin ya busa kuma yana buƙatar sauyawa. Ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in fuse don kare ƙarancin wutar lantarki.
Thermal fiusi
Fuus din thermal yana amfani da siginonin zafin jiki da abubuwa don karewa daga wuce gona da iri ko gajeriyar kewayawa. Wannan nau'in fuse, wanda kuma aka sani da yankewar thermal kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin na'urori masu zafin zafin jiki, yana amfani da alloy mai mahimmanci azaman hanyar haɗin fuse.
Lokacin da zafin jiki ya kai matakin da ba na al'ada ba, hanyar haɗin fusible ta narke kuma ta yanke wuta zuwa wasu sassan kayan aikin. Ana yin hakan da farko don hana wuta.
Fis mai sake saitawa
Ana kuma kiran fis ɗin da za a sake saitawa kuma ana kiran su fuses polymer fuses tabbatacce (PPTC), ko “polyfuses” a takaice, kuma suna da fasalulluka waɗanda ke sa su sake amfani da su.
Wannan nau'in fuse ya ƙunshi polymer crystalline wanda ba ya aiki gauraye da barbashi na carbon. Suna aiki tare da zafin jiki don kariyar wuce gona da iri ko gajeriyar kewayawa.
Lokacin sanyi, fis ɗin ya kasance a cikin yanayin crystalline, wanda ke kiyaye ƙwayoyin carbon kusa da juna kuma yana ba da damar kuzari don wucewa.
A cikin yanayin samar da abubuwan da suka wuce kima, fis ɗin yana zafi sama, yana canzawa daga nau'i na crystalline zuwa ƙarancin ƙarancin yanayin amorphous.
Barbasar Carbon a yanzu sun yi nisa, wanda ke iyakance kwararar wutar lantarki. Har ila yau makamashi yana gudana ta wannan fis lokacin kunna, amma yawanci ana auna shi a cikin kewayon milliamp.
Lokacin da da'irar ta huce, za a dawo da ƙaramar yanayin fis ɗin kuma wutar tana gudana ba tare da takura ba.
Daga wannan zaka iya ganin cewa ana sake saita Polyfuses ta atomatik, saboda haka sunan "fis ɗin sake saitawa".
Ana samun su da yawa a cikin kayan wutan lantarki da na kwamfuta da tarho, da kuma a cikin tsarin nukiliya, tsarin tafiye-tafiyen iska, da sauran tsarin inda maye gurbin sassa zai zama da wahala sosai.
semiconductor fuse
Semiconductor fuses ne masu saurin gaske. Kuna amfani da su don kare abubuwan haɗin semiconductor a cikin da'ira, kamar diodes da thyristors, saboda suna kula da ƙananan haɓakar halin yanzu.
Ana amfani da su da yawa a cikin UPSs, daskararrun relays na jihohi da injina, da kuma wasu na'urori da da'irori tare da abubuwan haɗin semiconductor.
Surge suppression fuse
Fuskokin kariya masu ƙarfi suna amfani da siginonin zafin jiki da na'urori masu auna zafin jiki don karewa daga hawan wuta. Kyakkyawan misali na wannan shine ma'aunin zafin jiki mara kyau (NTC).
Ana shigar da fis ɗin NTC a cikin jeri a cikin kewayawa kuma suna rage juriya a yanayin zafi mafi girma.
Wannan shine ainihin kishiyar fuses PPTC. A lokacin babban ƙarfin, raguwar juriya yana haifar da fiusi don ɗaukar ƙarin ƙarfi, wanda ke ragewa ko "danne" ikon da ke gudana.
Fuskar Na'urar Dutsen Surface
Fuskoki masu ɗorewa (SMD) ƙananan fis ɗin lantarki ne waɗanda aka saba amfani da su a ƙananan mahalli na yanzu tare da iyakacin sarari. Kuna ganin aikace-aikacen su a cikin na'urorin DC kamar wayoyin hannu, hard drives, da kamara, da sauransu.
SMD fuses kuma ana kiran su guntu fuses kuma zaka iya samun manyan bambance-bambancen su na yanzu.
Yanzu duk nau'ikan fuses da aka ambata a sama suna da wasu ƙarin halaye waɗanda ke ƙayyade halayensu. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ƙimar halin yanzu, ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki, lokacin aiki na fuse, ƙarfin karyewa da I2T darajar.
Bidiyon Jagora
Yadda ake Kididdige ƙimar Fuse
Mahimman ƙima na fuses na yanzu da ake amfani da su a daidaitattun na'urorin aiki yawanci ana saita tsakanin 110% zuwa 200% na ƙimar da'irarsu.
Misali, fuses da ake amfani da su a cikin injina yawanci ana ƙididdige su a 125%, yayin da fuses da ake amfani da su a cikin injina ana ƙididdige su da kashi 200%, kuma fuses da ake amfani da su a tsarin hasken wuta ana ƙididdige su a 150%.
Duk da haka, sun dogara da wasu dalilai kamar yanayin da'irar, zafin jiki, jin daɗin na'urori masu kariya a cikin kewaye, da sauran su.
Misali, lokacin da ake ƙididdige ƙimar fuse don injin, kuna amfani da dabara;
Ƙimar Fuse = {Wattage (W) / Wutar Lantarki (V)} x 1.5
Idan ƙarfin yana 200W kuma ƙarfin lantarki shine 10V, ƙimar fuse = (200/10) x 1.5 = 30A.
Fahimtar baka na lantarki
Bayan karantawa har zuwa wannan batu, dole ne ku ci karo da kalmar "lantarki arc" sau da yawa kuma ku fahimci cewa wajibi ne don hana shi lokacin da mahaɗin fusible ya narke.
Ana yin baka ne lokacin da wutar lantarki ta haɗu da ɗan ƙaramin tazara tsakanin wayoyin lantarki guda biyu ta iskar gas mai ionized a cikin iska. Arc ba ya fita sai an kashe wuta.
Idan ba'a sarrafa baka ta nisa, foda mara aiki da/ko kayan ruwa, kuna haɗarin ci gaba da wuce gona da iri a cikin kewaye ko wuta.
Idan kuna son ƙarin sani game da fuses, da fatan za a ziyarci wannan shafin.
Tambayoyi akai-akai
Nau'o'in fuses AC nawa ne?
Akwai manyan nau'ikan fis ɗin AC guda biyu: ƙananan fis ɗin wutar lantarki da fis ɗin wuta mai ƙarfi.
Wanda sannan za'a iya raba su zuwa nau'ikan 11 ko fiye daban-daban.
Nau'o'in fiusi nawa muke da su a aikin injiniyan lantarki?
Fiye da nau'ikan fuses 11 ana amfani da su a cikin tsarin lantarki, waɗanda aka raba su zuwa manyan nau'ikan fuses AC da DC. Hakanan ana rarraba fis ɗin zuwa manyan ƙananan nau'ikan ƙarfin lantarki da ƙarancin ƙarfi.
