Nau'in tsarin kayan aikin mota. Menene amfaninsu da rashin amfaninsu?

Tsarin dakatarwa a cikin motar fasinja yana rinjayar aminci da jin daɗin tuƙi. Ita ce ke da alhakin kiyaye tsayin jiki daidai, inganta sarrafa abin hawa da rage tasiri. Dangane da yadda aka gina shi, yana iya zama ƙara ko ƙasa da gaggawa. Menene nau'ikan tsarin dakatarwa? Menene bambanci? Don gane!

Me zaku koya daga wannan post din?

• Menene nau'ikan tsarin dakatarwa?
• Wane tsari ake amfani da shi a cikin motocin fasinja kuma a cikin manyan motoci da SUVs?
• Menene fa'idodi da rashin amfanin kowane nau'in?

TL, da-

Akwai manyan nau'ikan tsarin dakatarwa guda uku: masu dogaro, masu zaman kansu da masu zaman kansu. A cikin motocin fasinja, ana amfani da dakatarwar mai zaman kanta sau da yawa - abin da ake kira McPherson Column, wanda ke ba da damar tuki. Dogaro da dakatarwa, mai nuna ƙarfi, ana amfani da shi a manyan motoci da SUVs.

Dogaro da dogara

A cikin tsarin dakatarwa mai dogaro ƙafafun wannan gatari an haɗa su da ƙarfi da juna... Wannan yana nufin cewa idan ƙafa ɗaya ta karkata, alal misali, saboda ƙullun da ke cikin hanyar, ɗayan motar kuma za ta canza matsayinsa. Motsi na lokaci guda na jikin axle da ƙafafun suna tilasta barin sarari kyauta don motsi a tsaye, wanda a cikin motocin fasinja zai haifar da buƙatar tayar da injin da iyakance sararin samaniya a cikin akwati. Don haka ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in maganin a ciki manyan motoci da SUVs.

Dogaro da dakatarwar yana da alaƙa da ƙarfi, karko da ƙarancin gazawa... Koyaya, wannan yana da mummunan tasiri akan jin daɗin tuƙi, yana iyakance motsin abin hawa. Don haka a cikin motocin fasinja na zamani ana amfani da shi dogara leaf spring dakatar ta amfani da nada maɓuɓɓugar ruwa.

Dakatar da kansa

A cikin tsari mai zaman kansa ƙafafun axle ɗaya suna motsawa ba tare da juna ba... Wannan maganin yana ƙara adadin abubuwa kamar sanduna ko kasusuwa, amma yana inganta jin daɗin tuƙi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake amfani da shi a cikin motocin fasinja.

Hoton Macpherson

Mafi yawan nau'in dakatarwa mai zaman kanta shine Rukunin Macpherson... Ko da yake wannan ƙira an ƙirƙira shi ne a ƙarshen 40s da 50s, har yanzu ana yin gyare-gyare da inganta shi. Ya dogara ne akan hada shock absorber, spring da steering knuckle zuwa kashi dayawanda ke aiwatar da duk ayyukan dakatarwa: jagora, sprung, damping vibration da torsion. Zane mai sauƙi yana sa McPherson ya tsaya mara nauyi kuma msaboda haka yana ɗaukar sarari kaɗan. Don haka, ana iya amfani da sarari kyauta don injin injin ko ɗakin kaya. Irin wannan zane kuma yana aiki. yana danne rashin daidaitolokacin bayarwa sauki tuki i birki kwanciyar hankali... Koyaya, haɗuwa da abubuwa da yawa cikin ɗayan yana tasiri watsa jijjiga daga saman hanya zuwa jikin mota... Rukunin McPherson kuma mai saukin kamuwa da lalacewa lokacin tuki akan manyan hanyoyi.

Dakatar mai zaman kanta

A cikin ɗan dakatarwa mai zaman kansa, ƙafafun axle ɗaya suna hulɗa da juna marasa ƙarfi. Mafi sau da yawa ana amfani da shi a ciki. masu bin sawuhaɗa ta hanyar giciye. Wannan katako yana a gaban axle na dabaran, yana da kula da karfin juzu'i kuma yana aiki azaman stabilizer. Wannan bayani baya buƙatar babban samarwa da farashin aiki. Har ila yau, yana haifar da ƙafafu don karkatar da dan kadan saboda karfi na gefe, wanda ke inganta motsi. Duk da haka, ba ya rufe jiki daga girgiza da kyau. sakamakon rashin bin ka’ida a saman titinan.

Madaidaicin ƙirar dakatarwa yana tabbatar da babban matakin aminci da isasshen kwanciyar hankali na tuƙi. A lokaci guda kuma, abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su don ginawa dole ne su kasance masu inganci, don haka kullun yau da kullum a kan hanyoyi tare da daban-daban, ba koyaushe mai kyau ba, yanayin suturar ba ya ƙare tare da ziyartar makaniki akai-akai. Ana iya samun sassan dakatarwa daga mashahuran masana'antun kamar masu ɗaukar girgiza, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, hannaye na dakatarwa ko wuraren motsi a avtotachki.com.

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