Tank ОF-40
Tank ОF-40
A cikin rabin na biyu na 70s, Italiya ta ƙaddamar da aiki mai aiki akan ƙirƙirar samfuran makamai masu sulke don bukatunta da fitarwa. Musamman, OTO Melara da kamfanonin Fiat, dangane da tankin Leopard-1A4 na Yammacin Jamus, sun haɓaka kuma tun 1980 sun samar da ƙaramin adadin don fitarwa zuwa Afirka, Kusa da Gabas ta Tsakiya, tankin OF-40 (O shine harafin farko. sunan kamfanin "OTO Melara", 40 ton kimanin nauyin tanki). Ana amfani da sassan tankin damisa sosai a cikin zane. A halin yanzu, sojojin kasa na Italiya suna dauke da tankokin yaki sama da 1700, daga cikinsu 920 Leopard-1 ne na Jamus ta Yamma, 300 na Amurka M60A1 kuma kusan 500 na tankunan M47 na Amurka da ba a daina amfani da su ba (ciki har da raka'a 200 a ajiye). Daga baya aka maye gurbinsu da sabon V-1 Centaur wheeled abin hawa, kuma maimakon M60A1 tankuna, a farkon 90s, Italiya sojojin sun karbi S-1 Ariete tankuna na nasa zane da kuma samar.
Tankin OF-40 mai dauke da bindiga mai girman mm 105 wanda OTO Melara ya kirkira. Babban mai kera motocin sulke a Italiya shine OTO Melara. Fiat ne ke aiwatar da oda daban-daban masu alaƙa da motocin sulke. Tsaro na tanki yayi daidai da "Damisa-1A3", ana ba da babban gangara na faranti na gaba na ƙwanƙwasa da turret, kazalika da fuskar bangon ƙarfe 15 mm lokacin farin ciki, an shigar da allon ƙarfe-karfe akan wasu daga cikin motocin. Jirgin OF-40 yana sanye da injin dizal mai yawan silinda 10 daga MTU mai karfin 830 hp. Tare da da 2000 rpm. Hakanan ana haɓaka aikin watsa ruwa na ruwa a cikin Jamus. Akwatin gear na duniya yana ba da gears 4 gaba da 2 baya. Injin da watsawa an haɗa su cikin raka'a ɗaya kuma ana iya maye gurbinsu a filin tare da crane a cikin mintuna 45. Babban tank S-1 "Ariete"An gina samfurori guda shida na farko a cikin 1988 kuma an mika su ga sojoji don gwaji. Tanki samu C-1 nadi "Ariete" da aka shirya don maye gurbin M47. An canza sashin sarrafawa zuwa gefen tauraron allo. Wurin zama direba yana daidaitawa ta ruwa. Akwai na'urori masu lura da prism guda 3 a gaban ƙyanƙyashe, tsakiyar su ana iya maye gurbinsu da NVD ME5 UO / 011100. Akwai ƙyanƙyashe gaggawa a bayan kujerar direba. Turret ɗin da aka yi masa walda ya gina bindigar OTO Melara mai santsi mai tsayin mm 120 tare da bindigu a tsaye. Ganga tana da ƙarfi ta hanyar autofrettage - tsayin sa calibers 44, tana da kwanon rufin zafi da cirewa. Don harbe-harbe, ana iya amfani da daidaitattun harsashin huda sulke na Amurka da Jamusanci (APP505) da harsasai masu fashe-fashe masu yawa (NEAT-MR). Ana kera irin wannan harsasai a Italiya. Harsashin bindiga 42 zagaye, 27 daga cikinsu suna cikin kwandon zuwa hagu na direba, 15 - a cikin alkuki na hasumiya, a bayan sashin sulke. Ana hawa ginshiƙan fitar da harsasai ne a saman wannan rumbun harsashi a rufin hasumiyar, kuma a bangon hagu na hagun akwai ƙyanƙyashe don sake cika alburusai da fitar da harsashi da aka kashe.
Babban tankin yaki C-1 "Ariete" An daidaita bindigar a cikin jirage guda biyu, kusurwar nunin sa a cikin jirgin sama daga -9 ° zuwa + 20 °, abubuwan motsa jiki don juya turret da nuna bindigar, wanda bindiga da kwamandan ke amfani da su, sune electro-hydraulic tare da shafe hannu. An haɗa bindigar injin 7,62 mm tare da igwa. An shigar da bindiga iri ɗaya a sama da ƙyanƙyasar kwamandan a cikin shimfiɗar jariri mai daidaitacce, wanda ke ba da damar canja wuri mai sauri a cikin jirgin sama a kwance da jagora a cikin kewayon kusurwoyi daga -9 ° zuwa + 65 ° a tsaye. Tsarin sarrafa kashe gobara TUIM 5 (tsarin tanki na yau da kullun da za a iya daidaita shi) wani tsari ne na tsarin sarrafa wuta guda ɗaya wanda Officine Galileo ya haɓaka don amfani da motocin yaƙi guda uku - B1 Centaur mai lalata tanki, babban tanki S-1 Ariete. da kuma motar yaki ta USS-80. OMS na tankin ya haɗa da ingantattun abubuwan gani ga kwamandan (panoramic na rana) da mai harbi (rana / dare periscope tare da mai binciken laser), kwamfuta na ballistic na lantarki tare da tsarin firikwensin, na'urar sulhu, bangarorin sarrafawa don kwamandan, gunner da loda. Akwai periscopes 8 da aka girka a wurin aiki na kwamandan don ganin ko'ina. Babban ganinsa yana da girma mai canzawa daga 2,5x zuwa 10x; yayin gudanar da ayyuka da daddare, ana watsa hoton thermal daga wurin harbin zuwa ga na musamman na kwamandan. Tare da kamfanin Faransa 5P1M, an haɓaka wani abin gani da aka sanya a cikin rufin tanki. Aiki halaye na babban yaƙi tank C-1 "Ariete"
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Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Italiya ba ta da ikon kera manyan makamai. Kasancewa memba mai aiki a NATO tun daga farkon farkon halittarsa, Italiya ta karɓi tankuna daga Amurka. Tun 1954, tankunan M47 Patton na Amurka suna aiki tare da sojojin Italiya. A cikin 1960s, an sayi tankunan M60A1, kuma 200 na waɗannan tankuna an samar da su a Italiya ta OTO Melara a ƙarƙashin lasisi kuma an sanya su cikin sabis tare da rukunin sulke na Ariete (Taran). Baya ga tankunan yaki, an kuma samar da jiragen yakin Amurka M113 karkashin lasisin sojojin kasa na Italiya da kuma fitar da su zuwa kasashen waje. A cikin 1970, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya don siyan a cikin FRG na tankuna 920 Leopard-1, 200 daga cikinsu an isar da su kai tsaye daga FRG, sauran kuma an kera su a ƙarƙashin lasisi ta ƙungiyar kamfanonin masana'antu a Italiya. An kammala samar da wannan rukunin tankuna a shekarar 1978. Bugu da kari, kamfanin OTO Melara ya samu kuma ya kammala umarni daga sojojin Italiya don kera motocin yaki masu sulke bisa tankin Leopard-1 (gada yadudduka, ARVs, motocin injiniya).
