Gilashin ruwa

Gilashin ruwa shine bayani mai mahimmanci na sodium metasilicate Na2SiO3 (ana kuma amfani da gishirin potassium). Ana yin ta ta hanyar narkar da silica (kamar yashi) a cikin maganin sodium hydroxide: 

Gilashin ruwa a gaskiya, shi ne cakuda salts na daban-daban silicic acid tare da daban-daban digiri na polymerization. Ana amfani dashi azaman impregnation (alal misali, don kare bango daga danshi, azaman kariya ta wuta), wani yanki na filler da sealants, don samar da kayan silicone, da ƙari na abinci don hana caking (E 550). Ana iya amfani da gilashin ruwa na kasuwanci da ke samuwa don gwaje-gwaje masu ban mamaki da yawa (tunda shi mai kauri ne, ruwa mai laushi, ana amfani dashi ta hanyar diluting shi da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1: 1).

A cikin gwaji na farko, za mu haɗo cakuda silicic acid. Don gwajin, za mu yi amfani da mafita masu zuwa: gilashin ruwa da ammonium chloride NH.₄Cl da takarda mai nuna alama don duba amsa (hoto 1).

Chemistry - wani ɓangare na gilashin ruwa 1 - MT

Gilashin ruwa a matsayin gishiri na acid mai rauni da tushe mai ƙarfi a cikin maganin ruwa yana da yawa hydrolyzed kuma shine alkaline (hoto 2). Zuba maganin ammonium chloride (hoto na 3) a cikin kwano tare da maganin gilashin ruwa kuma motsa abin da ke ciki (hoto 4). Bayan wani lokaci, an kafa wani taro na gelatinous (hoto 5), wanda shine cakuda silicic acid:

(hakika SiO₂?nGn₂Ya ? silicic acid tare da nau'i daban-daban na hydration an kafa).

Na'urar amsawar beaker da ke wakilta ta hanyar taƙaitaccen lissafi shine kamar haka:

a) sodium metasilicate a cikin bayani dissociates kuma sha hydrolysis:

b) ions ammonium suna amsawa tare da ions hydroxide:

Yayin da ake cinye ions hydroxyl a cikin amsawa b), ma'auni na amsawa a) yana motsawa zuwa dama kuma, sakamakon haka, silicic acid yana hazo.

A gwaji na biyu, muna girma "tsiran sinadarai". Za a buƙaci mafita masu zuwa don gwajin: gilashin ruwa da gishirin ƙarfe? baƙin ƙarfe (III), baƙin ƙarfe (II), jan karfe (II), calcium, tin (II), chromium (III), manganese (II).

Chemistry - wani ɓangare na gilashin ruwa 2 - MT

Bari mu fara gwajin ta hanyar gabatar da lu'ulu'u da yawa na ƙarfe chloride (III) gishiri FeCl a cikin bututun gwaji.₃ da kuma maganin gilashin ruwa (hoto 6). Bayan wani lokaci, launin ruwan kasa?shuke-shuke? (hoto 7, 8, 9), daga baƙin ƙarfe mara narkewa (III) metasilicate:

Hakanan, salts na sauran karafa suna ba ku damar samun sakamako mai tasiri:

• karfe (II)? hoto 10
• chromium (III)? hoto 11
• irin (II)? hoto 12
• calcium? hoto 13
• manganese (II)? hoto 14
• jagoranci (II)? hoto 15

Hanyoyin da ke gudana suna dogara ne akan abin da ya faru na osmosis, watau, shigar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar pores na membranes semipermeable. Adadin silicates na ƙarfe maras narkewa suna zama azaman sirara mai bakin ciki a saman gishirin da aka gabatar a cikin bututun gwaji. Kwayoyin ruwa suna shiga cikin ramukan da ke haifar da membrane, suna sa gishirin ƙarfe da ke ƙarƙashinsa ya narke. Maganin da aka samu yana tura fim ɗin har sai ya fashe. Bayan zubar da maganin gishirin karfe, shin silicate ya sake yin hazo? sake zagayowar ta maimaita kanta da sinadarai shuka? yana ƙaruwa.

Ta hanyar sanya cakuda lu'ulu'u na gishiri na ƙarfe daban-daban a cikin jirgin ruwa ɗaya da shayar da shi tare da maganin gilashin ruwa, za mu iya girma "lambun sinadarai" duka? (Hoto na 16, 17, 18).

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