Hanyoyi don inganta kwanciyar hankali da sarrafa abin hawa: shawarwari masu amfani
Abubuwa
- Mene ne sarrafa mota da kuma dalilin da yasa za a ƙara shi
- Hanyoyin inganta sarrafa mota
- Ƙara ƙarar aiki
- Ratioara yawan matsawa
- Daidaita tsarin ci
- Shigar da sifiri juriya tace
- Girman diamita maƙura
- Shigar da mai karɓa
- Cire nau'in abin sha
- Daidaita tsarin shaye-shaye
- Mai tarawa
- Resonator
- Ƙarshen shiru
- Chip kunna
- Rage nauyin ƙwanƙolin tashi da pistons
- Rage gogayya
- Haɓaka Camshaft
- Turbocharging
- Canza ƙafafu
- Recommendationsarin shawarwari
Lambar octane tana nuna juriyar bugun mai ko man dizal. Tashoshin mai suna sayar da fetur na 92, 95, 98 da 5. Tare da karuwa a cikin lambar octane, ƙarfin injin yana ƙaruwa da XNUMX%.
Mai sana'anta yana ƙaddamar da halayen saurin abin hawa a matakin haɓaka samfurin. Direbobi suna ɗaukar wannan siga daban. Masu motoci na tsofaffin tsararraki suna kwantar da hankulan halayen wutar lantarki, suna la'akari da motar kawai a matsayin sufuri. Sauran direbobin suna buƙatar gaggawa don ci gaba da tafiyar rayuwa ta yau. Har ila yau, akwai nau'i daban-daban - masu mallaka tare da burin direba (masu gyara, masu sha'awar wasan motsa jiki), waɗanda ke da sha'awar yadda za a inganta haɓakawa da kuma sarrafa motar.
Mene ne sarrafa mota da kuma dalilin da yasa za a ƙara shi
Hanyoyi masu ƙarfi, kulawa da kwanciyar hankali na mota suna da alaƙa da juna. An fahimci na farko a matsayin lokacin da motar ta kai daruruwan kilomita daga farkon. Dynamic Manuniya bambanta ga daban-daban azuzuwan na motoci: kasafin kudin motoci tare da injuna har zuwa 1,5 lita kara "har zuwa ɗari" a cikin 9-12 seconds, tsada motoci da damar 200 hp. tare da. da ƙari - don 7-9 seconds. Masu injinan biyu suna neman rage lokacin haɓakawa. Inganta motsin motsin motar ba lallai ba ne kawai don motocin wasanni - yana ɗaukar su 3-4 seconds don isa ɗari da ake so. Ma'aunin abin hawa yana tasiri ta hanyar juzu'i da halayen birki na abin hawa.
Gudanar da abin hawa
Gudanarwa yana nuna yadda motar ke da sauri da isasshiyar amsa ga ayyukan direban. Daidaiton halayen sitiyari a cikin nau'ikan tuki daban-daban, jin daɗin kulawa akan hanyoyi masu santsi, rigar da ƙura suna nuna kyakkyawar kulawa. Sauƙaƙan sauƙaƙawa ba shakka, motsi ba tare da ƙwanƙwasa na gefe da jujjuyawa ba ana kiran kwanciyar hankali ta hanyar mota.
Masu motocin suna haɓaka halayen fasaha da masana'anta suka shimfida don tabbatar da farawa mai ban mamaki, ba don bata lokaci ba a fitilun ababan hawa na manyan titunan birni. A cikin wuce gona da iri, jinkiri na biyu na iya zama mahimmanci.
Hanyoyin inganta sarrafa mota
Akwai da yawa hanyoyin da za a kara ikon Motors: wasu ba da wani m sakamako, wasu faranta da wani babban sakamako. Akwai hanyoyi masu arha da tsada don inganta kwanciyar hankali da sarrafa abin hawa.
Ƙara ƙarar aiki
Ta hanyar 10%, yana yiwuwa a inganta haɓakar motsin mota ta hanyar ma'auni mai mahimmanci - karuwa a cikin ɗakin konewa (CC).
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu:
- Gyara silinda. Kuma shigar da manyan pistons. A cikin tubalan Silinda-iron, aiwatar da pistons: yi amfani da rashin daidaituwa a kan bangon da zai riƙe fim ɗin mai. Matsalolin hanyar ita ce ba zai yiwu a ɗauki silinda a cikin gareji ba: e. Kwararrun sabis na mota ne ke aiwatar da hanyar. Reboring ba lallai ba ne don aluminum BCs tare da rigar liner hannayen riga: kawai canza sassa zuwa mafi girma diamita.
- Ƙara bugun piston: maye gurbin crankshaft tare da bugun jini mai tsayi. Misali: VAZ-2110 fistan bugun jini - 71 mm. Ta hanyar shigar da crankshaft tare da radius daban-daban, yana yiwuwa a sami karuwar bugun jini har zuwa 75,6 mm da ƙarar ɗakin konewa har zuwa 100 cm.3.
Ta hanyar haɗa zaɓuɓɓukan biyu, kuna samun haɓakar da ake tsammani a cikin ingantaccen injin.
Bayan gundura da BC, kalli birki, sake saita mashigar mai da shayewa (inganta tsarin don ƙara girma).
Ratioara yawan matsawa
Amfani da man fetur zai kasance iri ɗaya, amma dole ne ku canza zuwa mai mai tsada tare da ƙimar octane mafi girma idan kun yanke shawarar inganta yadda ake sarrafa motar ta hanyar ƙara matsawa - ƙimar matsawa.
Silinda mai ban sha'awa ita ce hanya ta farko don ƙara matsawa. Ta hanyar haɓaka siga a cikin Lada Grant daga yanayi 8 zuwa 10, zaku sami karuwar 10% cikin iko.
Hakanan, ana iya samun ingantaccen aikin injin ta hanyar shigar da gasket mai bakin ciki a cikin shugaban Silinda. Koyaya, wannan yana ƙara yuwuwar hulɗar bawul tare da pistons.
Daidaita tsarin ci
Don samar da silinda tare da ƙarin iska da inganta yanayin motar ta wannan ma'auni, gyara abubuwan ci.
Shigar da sifiri juriya tace
Maimakon madaidaicin matatun iska (VF), wanda aka yi da abu mai yawa, saita "sifili". Tsarin irin wannan nau'in tacewa ba shi da yawa. Wanda ke dagula ayyukan gaggawa na VF, amma yana ƙara yawan kayan aiki.
Maye gurbin masana'anta na Lada Vesta tare da FNS (fitar juriya na sifili) K & N yana ba da ƙarancin haɓaka cikin hanzari, don haka tsarin yana da kyau a hade tare da wasu matakan.
Girman diamita maƙura
Girman ta hanyar diamita maƙura bawul "Renault Logan" da kuma gida "Lad" - 47 mm. Bayan gundura sashe har zuwa 54 mm, za ka iya samun imperceptible karuwa a cikin ikon mota. Wani sakamako mai ma'ana zai kasance idan an tsara gyaran ma'aunin zuwa wasu matakan daidaitawa don tsarin ci.
Za'a iya siyan ma'aunin ma'aunin girma. Girma: 52 mm, 54 mm, 56 mm. Mafi mashahuri kayan aikin shine 54 mm.
Shigar da mai karɓa
Ƙunƙarar iska a kan hanyar zuwa COP (ɗakin konewa) ana daidaita shi ta hanyar mai karɓa. A cikin VAZ 2112 da 2114, sassan suna da lahani: tsawon tashoshi ba iri ɗaya ba ne, kayan aikin kisa shine filastik.
Mai karɓar
Shigar da wani yanki na walda ko simintin gyare-gyare tare da gajerun mashigai amma ƙarar ɗaki. Tashar wutar lantarki za ta sami ingantacciyar cakuda iska da man fetur, kuma za ku lura da haɓakar injin.
Cire nau'in abin sha
A matsayin wani ɓangare na daidaita tsarin ci, maye gurbin manifold tare da "bututu" - gajeren bututu da aka kunna zuwa babban gudu. Sanya nozzles akan kowane Silinda zai yi tsada.
Daidaita tsarin shaye-shaye
Bayan konewar tarukan mai (haɗin iska da man fetur), ana fitar da iskar gas ɗin daga ɗakin konewar ta hanyar tsarin shaye-shaye, wanda a lokaci guda ke dagula sautin fashewa da girgiza. Muffler, yana kawo fa'idodi a bayyane, yana ɗaukar wani bangare na ikon motar. Zamantakewar tsarin shaye-shaye ana aiwatar da shi a cikin dukkan sassan.
Mai tarawa
Wannan shi ne babban "mai laifi" na asarar halayen halayen motsa jiki. Don inganta sarrafa motar, maye gurbin daidaitattun nau'i tare da zaɓi na Spider, kamar yadda yake a cikin Mitsubishi Pajero Sport, inda aka haɗa bututu huɗu zuwa ɗaya.
Resonator
Ƙara diamita na resonator: wannan zai inganta scavenging na cylinders a lokacin shaye da kuma kara da engine karfin juyi. Rushe mai musanya mai motsi (idan akwai), shigar da mai kama harshen wuta mai gudana kai tsaye a wurinsa.
Ƙarshen shiru
Ƙarshe na ƙarshe na tsarin shaye-shaye yana samuwa kamar yadda zai yiwu daga nau'i-nau'i don rage girmansa. Sauya madaidaicin muffler tare da madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya: juriya ga kwararar iskar gas za ta ragu sosai, amma haka sautin zai ragu.
Gyara shi kamar haka: sanya bututu mai raɗaɗi a ƙarshen muffler. Sashin giciye ya kamata ya zama ƙarami. Sanya fiber mai jure zafi tsakanin bututu na waje da na ciki. Don hana shi daga rushewa da tashi zuwa titi, shigar da raga tsakanin filler.
Chip kunna
Idan kun gyara sashin wutar lantarki da abubuwan da ke makwabtaka da ku, ba za ku iya yi ba tare da kunna guntu ba.
Sake saita kwamfutar da ke kan allo tare da shigar da sabon shiri yana da sakamako mai zuwa:
- an rage yawan man fetur;
- karfin juyi na motsa jiki yana ƙaruwa;
- ya ƙara jin daɗin tuƙi.
Tunda babu tsangwama a cikin ƙirar motar, kunna guntu ba ta keta garanti ba.
Rage nauyin ƙwanƙolin tashi da pistons
Ƙaƙwalwar ƙwanƙwasa, saurin ɗaukar gudu. Kuna iya inganta haɓakawa a cikin motar ta hanyar canza wannan kashi a cikin yanayin gareji. Sakamakon yana da ƙananan - har zuwa 4%, farashin ɓangaren yana da girma - har zuwa 5 dubu rubles.
fistan
Amma hanyar ita ce ta dace a matsayin tarawa, idan kun canza pistons a lokaci guda zuwa ƙirƙira: na ƙarshe sun fi ƙarfi fiye da daidaitattun, kuma motar tana kashe ƙarancin kuzari akan motsin su.
Rage gogayya
Duk wani juzu'i yana rage ingancin injin. A cikin injunan konewa na ciki, pistons suna hulɗa da silinda, kuma ana kashe wani ɓangare na "dawakai" na motar.
Yankunan juzu'i suna gudana a cikin mai. Idan kun inganta ingancin fim ɗin da aka samu tare da ƙari na musamman, to, asarar gogayya za ta ragu.
Zaɓi abubuwan ƙari na hadaddun ayyuka domin su tsaftace abubuwan daga soot da adibas. Kyakkyawan sakamako na additives shine 5-7% karuwa a cikin kuzari.
Haɓaka Camshaft
camshaft (PB) yana sarrafa ƙimar haɓakawa da tsawon lokacin buɗewar bawuloli.
Matsalar motocin VAZ ita ce, babu wani motsi a cikin ƙananan crankshaft gudu. Wannan yana nufin cewa muna buƙatar camshaft na zamani na “grassroots” tare da ɗan ɗaga bawul. Na ƙarshe, duk da haka, dole ne a daidaita shi.
Turbocharging
Sakamakon mafi ban sha'awa dangane da karuwar ƙarfin dawakai da injin yanayi (sau biyu ko fiye) ke samu ta hanyar turbocharging. Sabbin samfuran AvtoVAZ sun zo tare da wannan zaɓi daga masana'anta. Ƙarfin ƙonewar man fetur a cikin silinda ya dogara da adadin iskar da ake bayarwa. Saboda haka, a kan ƙananan ikon injuna na lita 1,4-1,5 (alal misali, Renault Logan Stepway), za'a iya shigar da sashin, kuma a kan waɗanda ke da haɓaka (kamar yadda yake a cikin Kia Rio) - ƙara girman ma'aikata turbocharger. ko matsi a cikinsa .
Yana da matsala don yin bita mai tsanani da hannunka, kawai idan ba ƙwararren makanikin mota ba ne. Don rage nauyin thermal akan motar, kuna buƙatar kulawa da intercooler (intercooler), ƙara yawan mai sanyaya ko ɗaukar fan mai ƙarfi. Bugu da ƙari, maye gurbin injectors na jari tare da mafi inganci.
Canza ƙafafu
Tayoyin marasa nauyi da tayoyin suna rage nauyin motar da 20-30 kg. Tayoyin haske suna nuna ƙarancin rashin aiki: motocin daga farkon sun isa 100 km / h da sauri kuma suna da kyau birki. Zaɓi manyan tayoyi akan faifai masu matsakaicin girma.
Recommendationsarin shawarwari
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don ƙara yawan "dawakai" na rukunin wutar lantarki. Yawancin su masu sana'ar gida ne suka tsara su kuma suka ƙirƙira su.
sanyaya iska mai shigowa
Mafi yawan sanyin iska da ke shiga cikin silinda, mafi kyawun konewar cakuda iskar mai.
Yi abubuwa masu zuwa:
- shigar da dogon lokaci don ɗaukar iska mai tsabta daga reshe, kuma ba daga ƙarƙashin murfin ba;
- kunsa shigarwar tare da murfin thermal (an sayar da shi a cikin shagunan mota);
- rufe rami a ƙarƙashin reshe a cikin injin injin tare da allon filastik;
- Kashe dumama ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, shigar da gasket mai insulating thermal.
Insulator tsakanin kai da mai tarawa (zaka iya saya) shima zai yi aiki don sanyaya iska.
Sauƙaƙe tsarin shaye-shaye
Ƙarewar iskar iskar gas nan da nan a bayan mashin ɗin yana haifar da matsi mai yawa, yana ɗauke da wani ɓangare na ƙarfin injin. Aikin mai gyara shine rage wannan matsa lamba don inganta hayaki daga CC. Ma'aunin yana taimakawa don tabbatar da cewa ƙarin iska da man fetur sun shiga cikin silinda. Yawan taro mai a cikin ɗakunan, mafi girman aikin injin zai kasance.
Don cimma raguwa a cikin matsa lamba, za ku iya shigar da tsarin fitarwa na kai tsaye. Wani bayani: maye gurbin ma'aikata da yawa tare da "gizo-gizo". A cikin "layi madaidaiciya" zaka iya amfani da bututu masu tsaka-tsaki na diamita mafi girma. Ƙaddamar da abubuwan da ke cikin filin shayarwa tare da corrugation ko haɗin ƙwallon ƙafa.
Ana tsammanin karuwar wutar lantarki daga sauƙaƙe tsarin shayewa shine lita 3-5. s., Haƙiƙanin karuwar amo shine 5-6 dB. Don haka, don rage decibels, haɓaka bankin ƙarshen muffler.
Amfani da high octane gasoline
Lambar octane tana nuna juriyar bugun mai ko man dizal. Tashoshin mai suna sayar da fetur na 92, 95, 98 da 5. Tare da karuwa a cikin lambar octane, ƙarfin injin yana ƙaruwa da XNUMX%.
Gasoline
Amma kana buƙatar mayar da hankali kan shawarwarin masu sana'a: idan AI-92-Ai-95 man fetur ya ba da shawarar, to, high-octane AI-98 ba shi da ma'ana don cikawa, tun lokacin da aka saita lokacin kunnawa a masana'anta. Yin amfani da man da ba a ba da shawarar ba, maimakon ƙara ƙarfin wuta, za ku iya samun fashewar fashewar wuraren da ba a sarrafa ba da kuma fashewa mai tsanani.
Daidaitaccen dabaran dabaran
Radius na faifai, nisa daga cikin taya da nauyin taro na dabaran suna shafar haɓakar sarrafa motar da hanzari. Mafi girman wurin tuntuɓar, mafi wahalarwa injin ɗin ya sami saurin da ake so.
Daidaitawar taya da daidaitawa, idan an yi watsi da hanyoyin, suma suna yin mummunan tasiri akan aikin injin. Ana kashe wani ɓangare na ƙarfin don daidaita motsi, tuƙi, da birki. Saboda haka, ƙwararrun direbobi suna ba da kulawar da ta dace ga daidaitawar ƙafafu.
