Tsarin tuƙi mai amfani AFS

AFS (Aikin Jagorar Gabatarwa) tsarin Ayyuka ne na Aiki, wanda shine ainihin ingantaccen tsarin tuƙi mai kyau. Babban mahimmin dalilin AFS shine rarraba karfi daidai tsakanin dukkan bangarorin tsarin tuƙin jirgin, kuma babban burin shine inganta ƙwarewar tuki cikin matakai daban-daban. Direba, a gaban aikin tuƙi a cikin mota, yana karɓar ƙarfafawa da kwarin gwiwa game da tuki. Yi la'akari da ka'idar aiki, na'urar AFS, da bambance-bambance daga tsarin tuƙin yau da kullun.

Yadda yake aiki

Ana kunna tuƙin mai aiki lokacin da injin ya fara. Hanyoyin AFS na aiki sun dogara da saurin abin hawa na yanzu, kusurwar tuƙi da nau'in farfajiyar hanya. Sabili da haka, tsarin yana sarrafawa don canza kyakkyawan yanayin gear (ƙoƙari daga sitiyari) a cikin matattarar tuƙin, gwargwadon yanayin tuƙin abin hawa.

Lokacin da abin hawa ya fara motsi, ana kunna wutar lantarki. Yana farawa aiki bayan sigina daga firikwensin firikwensin tuƙi. Motar lantarki, ta hanyar haɗin tsutsa, zata fara juya kayan waje na kayan duniya. Babban aikin kayan waje shine canza yanayin gear. A iyakar saurin juyawar kayan, ya kai ƙimar mafi ƙaranci (1:10). Duk wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga rage yawan juyawar tuƙin jirgin sama da haɓaka jin daɗi yayin motsawa cikin ƙananan gudu.

Inara saurin abin hawa yana tare da raguwa cikin saurin juyawa na motar lantarki. Saboda wannan, haɓakar gear yana ƙaruwa a hankali (gwargwadon ƙaruwar saurin tuki). Motar lantarki tana daina juyawa a saurin 180-200 km / h, yayin da karfi daga sitiyarin ya fara watsawa kai tsaye zuwa tsarin tuƙin, kuma jeren gear ya zama daidai da 1:18.

Idan saurin abin hawa ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, motar lantarki za ta sake farawa, amma a wannan yanayin zai fara juyawa zuwa ɗayan hanyar. A wannan yanayin, ƙimar jigilar kaya zai iya kaiwa 1:20. Motar motsawa ta zama mafi ƙarancin kaifi, juyinta ya haɓaka zuwa matsanancin matsayi, wanda ke tabbatar da amintattun hanyoyin cikin sauri.

AFS kuma yana taimakawa wajen daidaita abin hawa yayin da akushin baya ya rasa ƙwanƙwasawa da kuma lokacin taka birki akan saman hanya mai santsi. Ana kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na jagorancin abin hawa ta amfani da tsarin Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) tsarin. Bayan sigina ne daga na'urori masu auna sigina AFS ke gyara kusurwar ƙafafun ƙafafun gaba.

Wani fasali na Gudanar da Ayyuka shine cewa baza a iya kashe shi ba. Wannan tsarin yana aiki ci gaba.

Na'ura da manyan kayan haɗi

Babban abubuwan AFS:

• Jirgin tuƙi tare da kayan duniya da motar lantarki. Kayan duniya yana canza saurin tudu. Wannan tsarin ya kunshi kambi (epicyclic) da kayan rana, da kuma toshewar tauraron dan adam da dako. Gidan gearbox din yana kan shaft. Motar lantarki tana juya kayan zoben ta cikin kayan tsutsa. Lokacin da wannan motar motar ke juyawa, rabon giya na inji yana canzawa.
• Na'urar haska bayanai. Ana buƙatar auna sigogi daban-daban. A yayin aikin AFS, ana amfani da waɗannan masu biyowa: firikwensin kusurwa mai juyawa, na'urori masu auna motsi na lantarki, masu auna firikwensin tsarin ƙarfafawa, na'urori masu auna sigina masu yawa. Mai firikwensin ƙarshe na iya ɓacewa, kuma ana yin lissafin kusurwa bisa ga sigina daga sauran na'urori masu auna sigina.
• Na'urar kula da lantarki (ECU). Yana karɓar sigina daga dukkan na'urori masu auna sigina. Ginin yana aiwatar da siginar, sannan kuma yana aika umarni zuwa ga na'urorin zartarwa. ECU kuma tana hulɗa tare da tsarin masu zuwa: Tsarin tutar lantarki na lantarki-na lantarki, tsarin sarrafa injiniya, DSC, tsarin samun abin hawa.
• Ieulla sanduna da tukwici.
• Matatar tuƙi.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Tsarin AFS yana da fa'idodin da ba za a iya musantawa ba ga direba: yana ƙara aminci da jin daɗi yayin tuƙi. AFS tsarin lantarki ne wanda aka fifita akan hydraulics saboda fa'idodi masu zuwa:

• cikakken watsa ayyukan direba;
• ƙara aminci saboda ƙananan sassa;
• babban aiki;
• nauyi mai nauyi.

Babu manyan gazawa a cikin AFS (ban da farashin sa). Gudanar da aiki ba safai yake aiki ba. Idan, duk da haka, yana yiwuwa ya lalata haɓakar lantarki, to ba za ku iya saita tsarin da kanku ba - kuna buƙatar ɗaukar motar tare da AFS zuwa sabis ɗin.

Aikace-aikacen

Active Front Steering ci gaba ne na mallakar BMW na Jamus. A halin yanzu, an sanya AFS a matsayin zaɓi akan yawancin motocin wannan alamar. An fara gabatar da tuƙi mai aiki ga motocin BMW a 2003.

Zaɓin mota tare da tuƙi mai aiki, mai sha'awar motar yana karɓar ta'aziyya da aminci yayin tuƙi, da sauƙi na sarrafawa. Reliarin amintacce na Tsarin Gudanarwar Gabatarwa mai aiki yana ba da tabbacin aiki mai ɗorewa da matsala. AFS wani zaɓi ne wanda bai kamata a yi watsi dashi ba yayin siyan sabuwar mota.